REPONIVS - Repository of Scientific Institute for Veterinary Medicine of Serbia
Not a member yet
1296 research outputs found
Sort by
The first report of carp edema virus disease in Bosnia and Herzegovina
No full textCarp edema virus disease, caused by the Carp Edema Virus (CEV), is an
emerging disease affecting common carp (Cyprinus carpio). During early April
2023, Rama Lake in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) experienced significant
daily mortalities of wild common carp (Cyprinus carpio), predominantly
affecting adult specimens. Despite the presence of other fish species in the lake,
the mortality was exclusively observed in the common carp. The sample of 10
moribund fish was caught in a landing net and transported on ice to the
Laboratory for Aquaculture of the Veterinary Institute Sarajevo. In order to
examine possible viral aetiology, tissue samples were collected and DNA was
extracted using standard procedures. CEV was detected by real-time PCR. All
samples were real-time PCR negative for the presence of KHV and SVCV. In
this study, we describe the first detection of CEVD caused by carp edema virus
in wild carp in Bosnia and Herzegovina.https://eafpbulletin.scholasticahq.com/article/126212-the-first-report-of-carp-edema-virus-disease-in-bosnia-and-herzegovin
The importance of assessment and continuous control of biosecurity on cattle and pig farms
No full textBiosecurity, welfare, good production practice and risk analysis are very important
elements for intensive production on farms of high yielding dairy cows and pigs. The
planned application of biosecurity measures is crucial in protecting the health of cattle
and pigs and for the production success. It is recommended that employees' awareness
of improving biosecurity constantly raise, that there is an active attitude towards
existing risks, and that the measures taken are the key to success in designing and
preparing biosecurity plans for each specific situation i.e. the farm. It is generally
known that oversights, omissions and mistakes in maintaining the required level of
biosecurity usually lead to the emergence of diseases, decline in production, death and
economic loss. Therefore, by applying more preventive measures to the health care of
cattle and pigs, the concept of profitable production on farms can be fulfilled. It should
be emphasized that the application of biosecurity measures on cattle and pig farms is
the most important measure to prevent the potential introduction and spread of
pathogens. Therefore, biosecurity measures must be well defined, practical, functional
and understandable to farmers, i.e. cattle and pig breeders. This paper presents an
evaluation of the permanent biosecurity control on cattle and pig farms, as part of the
implemented project tasks.Related to a Serbian-language version of the following article:
https://reponivs.nivs.rs/handle/123456789/116
First molecular detection of porcine cytomegalovirus in wild boars in Serbia
No full textДивље свиње могу бити резервоари различитих бактерија, вируса и паразита и
могу се пренети на домаће свиње па и на људе индиректним или директним
контактом. Порцине цитомегаловирус (ПЦМВ) препознат је као главни
узрочник атрофичног ринитиса код свиња свих старосних категорија.
Међународни комитет за таксономију вируса (ИТЦВ) је порцине
цитомегаловирус сврстао у suid betaherpesvirus 2 (SuBHV2), и припада
подфамилији Betaherpesvirinae и фамилији Herpesviridae, али није сврстан ни у
један род. Генетска истраживања су показала да је ПЦМВ генетски сроднији
хуманим херпес вирусима (ХХВ) 6А, 6Б и 7. Поред тога, доказано је да ПЦМВ
доприноси репродуктивним проблемима код крмача и резултира раним
неонаталним губицима. Инфекција ПЦМВ-ом је раширена широм света и има
високу преваленцију, посебно у земљама са интензивном производњом свиња.
Клинички пролази непримећено због стеченог имунитета запата, и обично се
јавља код млађих категорија животиња. Нажалост, сама болест и инфекција су
углавном занемарени.
Како бисмо открили улогу дивљих свиња у епидемиологији ПЦМВ-а,
користили смо реал-тиме ПЦР тестирање 50 узорака (лимфни чвор, слезина и
бубрег) пореклом од одстрељених дивљих свиња.
Испитивање је потврдило присуство генома ПЦМВ у 4/50 (8%) узорака. Ови
резултати указују на релативно ниску али не и занемарљиву преваленцију
вируса у популацији дивљих свиња, што може да представља значајан ризик и
за популацију домаћих свиња.Wild boars can be reservoirs of various bacteria, viruses, and parasites and can be
transmitted to domestic pigs and even humans through indirect or direct contact.
Porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV) is recognized as the main cause of atrophic rhinitis
in pigs of all age categories. The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
(ICTV) has classified porcine cytomegalovirus into suid betaherpesvirus 2
(SuBHV2), belonging to the subfamily Betaherpesvirinae and family Herpesviridae,
but it is not classified into any genus. Genetic research has shown that PCMV is
genetically closer to human herpes viruses (HHV) 6A, 6B, and 7. Additionally, it has
been proven that PCMV contributes to reproductive problems in sows and results in
early neonatal losses. PCMV infection is widespread worldwide and has a high
prevalence, especially in countries with intensive pig production. Clinically, it often
goes unnoticed due to acquired maternal immunity and usually occurs in younger
animal categories. Unfortunately, the disease itself and the infection are largely
neglected.
To discover the role of wild boars in PCMV epidemiology, we used real-time PCR
testing of 50 samples (lymph nodes, spleen, and kidney) originating from shot wild
boars.
Testing confirmed the presence of PCMV genome in 4 out of 50 (8%) samples. These
results indicate a relatively low but not negligible prevalence of the virus in the wild
boar population, which may pose a significant risk to the domestic pig population.Zbornik kratkih sadržaj
Reliability of molecular tests in diagnosing ovine brucellosis caused by Brucella ovis
No full textBrucella ovis infects sheep and causes a clinical or subclinical disease characterized by genital lesions and reduced fertility in rams, placentitis and abortions in ewes, and increased perinatal mortality in lambs. As part of this study, analyses were conducted on a sheep farm near Belgrade (Serbia). Of the serological tests, indirect ELISA was performed. A total of 94 blood sera were analyzed, 33 from rams and 61 from ewes. The results showed 23 (69.7%) positive fi ndings in rams and 2 (3.3%) positive fi ndings in ewes, with an overall prevalence of 25.4% bounded by a 95% confi dence interval. Bruce-ladder multiplex PCR and Real time PCR were performed on 19 serologically positive rams and two serologically positive ewes. The results indicate a slightly higher sensitivity of Real time PCR compared to conventional PCR in diagnosing B. ovis from the reproductive tissues of rams. However, the differences in sensitivity between different nucleic acid extraction protocols were not signifi cant. Most rams showed a positive PCR result in only one sample of reproductive tissue, suggesting the recommendation to take multiple samples from each animal. Further research is needed to bring the sensitivity of molecular tests in diagnosing ram epididymitis closer to the sensitivity of serological tests.Brucella ovis infi cira ovce i uzrokuje kliničku ili subkliničku bolest koja se karakteriše genitalnim lezijama i smanjenom plodnošću kod ovnova, placentitisom i pobačajima kod ovaca te povećanom neonatalnom smrtnošću kod jaganjaca. U okviru ovog istraživanja, sprovedene su analize na farmi ovaca u blizini Beograda (Srbija). Od seroloških testova, rađena je indirektna ELISA. Ukupno je analizirano 94 krvna seruma, 33 od ovnova i 61 od ovaca. Rezultati su pokazali 23 (69,7%) pozitivna nalaza kod ovnova i 2 (3,3%) pozitivna nalaza kod ovaca, s ukupnom prevalencijom od 25,4% uz 95% interval pouzdanosti. Bruce-ladder multiplex PCR i Real time PCR su rađeni kod 19 serološki pozitivnih ovnova i dve serološki pozitivne ovce. Rezultati pokazuju da je Real time PCR pokazao nešto veću osetljivost u poređenju s konvencionalnim PCR-om u dijagnozi B. ovis iz reproduktivnih tkiva ovnova. Ipak, razlike u osetljivosti između različitih protokola ekstrakcije nukleinske kiseline nisu bile značajne. Većina ovnova je imala pozitivan PCR rezultat samo kod jednog zbirnog uzorka reproduktivnog tkiva, što ukazuje na preporuku uzimanja više uzoraka od svake životinje. Potrebna su dalja istraživanja kako bi se osetljivost molekularnih testova u dijagnozi epididimitisa ovnova približila osetljivosti seroloških testova
Disinfection procedures for particularly infectious diseases
No full textDezinfekcija predstavlja važnu kariku u procesu suzbijanja zaraznih bolest. Cilj ovog rada je opis procedure dezinfekcije i sprovođenje na farmama u slučaju pojave naročito opasnih zaraznih bolesti, pre svega slinavke i šapa, i drugih bolesti poput afričke kuge svinja. Slinavka i šap (SiŠ) spada u opasne zarazne bolesti domaćih papkara, visoko kontagiozna, karakterisana visokim morbiditetom i mortalitetom. Procedure u slučaju pojave bolesti su definisane su kriznim planom i Pravilnikom o utvrđivanju mera za rano otkrivanje, dijagnostiku, sprečavanje širenja, suzbijanje i iskorenjivanje zarazne bolesti slinavke i šapa, „Službeni glasnik Republike Srbije, 15/10”. Poštovanje procedura od mehaničkog čišćenja, pranja i sprovođenja preliminarne, tekuće i završne dezinfekcije su od ključnog značaja za sprečavanje širenja i iskorenjivanja prisustva virusa u objektima, opremi, i svim predmetima koji su potencijalno kontaminiranim virusom. Prilikom sprovođenja dezinfekcije ključan je izbor dezinficijensa, koji moraju ispunjavati određene uslove, odnosno moraju biti odobreni u skladu sa posebnim propisima. Dezinficijensi na bazi limunske kiseline, sirćetne kiseline, natrijum hidroksida, natrijum hipohlorit i drugi višekomponentni dezinficijensi su odobreni i namenjeni za inaktivaciju virusa slinavke i šapa.Disinfection is an important link in the process of controlling infectious diseases. The aim of this paper is to describe the disinfection procedure and its implementation on farms in the event of particularly dangerous infectious diseases, primarily foot-and-mouth disease, and other diseases such as African swine fever. Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the dangerous infectious diseases of domestic ungulates, highly contagious, characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Procedures in the event of an outbreak of the disease are deined by the crisis plan and the rulebook on establishing measures for early detection, diagnosis, prevention of spread, suppression and eradication of foot-and-mouth disease, “Of icial Gazette of the Republic of Serbia, 15/10”. Compliance with procedures from mechanical cleaning, washing and implementation of preliminary, current and inal disinfection are of key importance to prevent the spread and eradication of the presence of the virus in facilities, equipment, and all objects that are potentially contaminated with the virus. When carrying out disinfection, the choice of disinfectants is crucial, and they must meet certain conditions, that is, they must be approved in accordance with special regulations. Disinfectants based on citric acid, acetic acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium hypochlorite and other multi-component disinfectants are approved and intended for FMD disease virus inactivation.Zbornik radov
Hygiene control of surfaces that come in contact with food at retail market in the Belgrade area
No full textHrana životinjskog porekla je zbog svog hemijskog sastava pogodna sredina za
rast i razmnožavanje mikroorganizama. Lanac proizvodnje hrane je složen proces
i rizici od kontaminacije su prisutni od samog početka proizvodnog procesa do dobijanja
finalnog proizvoda. Do kontaminacije hrane može doći iz različitih izvora:
odsustvo higijene u procesu proizvodnje i skladištenja, poreklom od učesnika u
procesu proizvodnje i opreme, iz spoljašnje sredine i materijala za pakovanje, ali i
u prometu usled kontaminacije sa površina koje dolaze u kontakt sa hranom. Hrana
koja se nalazi u prometu mora da bude bezbedna po zdravlje potrošača i ispunjava
kriterijume bezbednosti hrane i kriterijume higijene u procesu proizvodnje
propisane zakonskom regulativom. U cilju provere higijene površina, koje dolaze
u kontakt sa hranom u prometu ispitani su brisevu, koji su uzeti tokom namernih,
nenamernih i po prijavi uzorkovanja u prometu (ugostiteljski objekti i mesare)
tokom dve godine (2022-2024) na području Beograda. Materijal je predstavljalo
ukupno 249 briseva koji su uzeti sa površina rashladnih uređaja (155), sa ruku
(40), sa površina panjeva i daski (34) i sa pribora (noževi, kašike, hvataljke, špatule,
viljuške) (20). Rezultati su pokazali da od 249 briseva 42 (16,87%) brisa nisu
ispunjavali uslove propisane Zakonom o bezbednosti hrane (Sl. glasnik RS 42/09,
17/19) i normama Vodiča za primenu mikrobioloških kriterijuma za hranu. Od
155 uzoraka briseva sa površina rashladnih uređaja 23 (14,84%), 40 briseva sa
ruku 2 (5%), 34 brisa sa površina daski i panjeva 17 (50%), nisu odgovarali mikrobiološkim
kriterijumima, dok je svih 20 uzoraka briseva pribora ispunjavalo
kriterijume. Najveći broj pozitivnih nalaza sa površina daski i panjeva se može
objasniti karakteristikama materijala od kojih su napravljeni, poroznosti i postojanja
pora u kojima se zadržavaju ostaci hrane i nečistoća, što otežava primenu
sanitacionih mera. Nasuprot tome, nijedan pozitivan nalaz u brisevima sa pribora
ukazuje na dobru higijenu i lako održavanje alatki, koje se koriste za pripremu
hrane. Imperativ u cilju sprečavanja kontaminacije hrane, predstavlja primena
dobre higijenske prakse (GHP) i HACCP.Due to its chemical composition, food of animal origin is a favourable environment
for the growth and multiplication of microorganisms. The food production
chain is a complex process and from the beginning of the production process until
the final product is obtained, risks of contamination are present. Contamination
of food can occur from different sources: lack of hygiene in the production
and storage process, originating from participants in the production process and
equipment, from the external environment and packaging materials, but also аt
retail maketc due to contamination from surfaces that are in contact with food.
Food at the market must be safe for the health of consumers and should meet food
safety criteria and hygiene criteria in the production process regulated by law. In
order to check the hygiene of surfaces that come into contact with food in retail,
swabs were examined, taken during intentional, unintentional and upon reported
sampling at retail market (catering facilities and butchers) during two years
(2022-2024) in the area of Belgrade. The material represented 249 swabs taken
from the surfaces of cooling devices (155), from hands (40), from the surfaces of
cutting boards and shambles (34) and from utensils (knives, spoons, tongs, spatulas,
forks) (20). The results showed that out of 249 swabs, 42 (16.87%) swabs did
not meet the conditions prescribed by the Law on Food Safety (Oficial Gazette RS
42/09, 17/19) and the norms of the Guide for the Application of Microbiological
Criteria for Food. Out of 155 samples of swabs from the surfaces of cooling devices,
23 (14.84%), 40 swabs from hands 2 (5%), 34 swabs from the surfaces of cutting
boards and shambles 17 (50%), did not meet the microbiological criteria, while
all 20 samples of utensils swabs met the criteria. The largest number of positive
results from the surfaces of cutting boards and shambles can be explained by characteristics
of materials from which they are made, porosity and presence of pores
in which food and impurities are retained, which makes it dificult to apply sanitation
measures. Uncontrary, no positive results in utensil swabs indicate good
hygiene and easy maintenance of tools used for food preparation. The imperative
in prevention of food contamination is the application of good hygiene practices
(GHP) and HACCP.Zbornik radov
Risk factors for spreading of African swine fever in backyard pig holdings in an outbreak in Serbia
No full textRisk factors for spreading of African swine fever in backyard pig holdings in an outbreak in
Serbia Branislav Kureljušić, Božidar Savić, Bojan Milovanović, Nemanja Jezdimirović, Jelena
Maletić, Milan Ninković, Jasna Prodanov Radulović In this investigation we assessed the main
epidemiological risk factors for ASF maintenance and spreading for more than four months
during 2023. in the epidemiological unit of the city Belgrade. During outbreak, in total 89
backyard pig holdings were visited and epidemiological investigations were carried out using
prepared questionnaires. The average number of pigs per holding was 3,07 pigs. The most of
the holdings had fatteners only (59,55%) and usually were used for own consumption. The
61,8% of holding were inside of hunting area or closed to 1000 meters from hunting ground
whereas hunting activities by owners was noticed only in 5,62% holdings. Closed proximity to
other holding with pigs at the distance of 100 meters was detected 60,67% of holdings. Other
species at holding as dogs, sheep, cats etc. were present in 76,4% of holdings. Moving of pigs
was noticed in only 11,24%, whereas moving of people in 53,93% of holdings. The home
slaughtering was practiced in 87,64% of holdings, usually for own consumption. The complete
fence was present in 57,3% of holdings. Regarding feeding, usually the pigs were fed extensively
with swill in 57,3% cases, with crops from local grounds in 91,01% and with fresh mowed grass
in 64,04%. During the epidemiological investigations different answers from the owners about
possible source of infection were obtained. The home slaughtering, swill and mowed grass
feeding were recognized as high risky activities. On the other hand as a source of infection
other animals can play possible role in mechanic transmission (stray dogs and cats, rodents,
birds, insects). In the most cases the sources of infection remain unknown. Different types of
traditional extensive pig farms with no or very low biosecurity in combination with human
activity and possible other factors play pivotal role in ASF spreading in Belgrade
Seroprevalence of viral respiratory diseases in swine backyard farms in Serbia
No full textDespite modern biotechnological measures, enzootic respiratory diseases, encompassing primarily the reproductive and
respiratory syndrome (PRRS) and swine influenza (SIV) represent one of the main challenges in intensive pig production.
Aujeszky’s disease (AD) also has significant economic impact, especially in countries with no eradication programme. In
Serbia, majority of homesteads implement an extensive farming system. Although recognized for environmental and animal
welfare benefits, backyard farms represent high-risk infection sources for commercial farms because of low biosecurity
measures, swill feeding, natural breeding and uncontrolled trade.
From 69 backyard holdings, 222 sera samples were collected. Commercial ELISA kits were used for specific antibody
detection and chi-square test was used to evaluate the significance level between farm categories and disease
seroprevalence.Proceeding
Uticaj regiona lovišta i vrste jelenske divljači na sadržaj isparljivih jedinjenja u mesu jelena
No full textThe aim of this study was to assess the effect of region (lowland vs. mountain region)
on the content of volatile compounds of red deer (Cervus elaphus), fallow deer (Dama
dama) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). A total of forty eight female carcasses of three
species (16 red deer, 16 fallow deer, and 16 roe deer) were collected from lowland and a
mountain region, so from each region, 8 red deer, 8 fallow deer, and 8 roe deer were collected.
In our study, higher contents of the aldehydes, ketones, and alcohols responsible
for off‑flavours of meat were found in our fallow deer meat than in red deer and roe deer
meat. Moreover, in our study, region affected most of the content of aldehydes, heterocyclic
and phenolic compounds, aromatic hydrocarbons, and some ketones, alcohols, and
esters. Higher content of volatile compounds responsible for off‑flavours was detected
in mountain deer meat than in deer meat from the lowland region.Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se proceni uticaj regiona lovišta (ravničarski, odnosno
planinski region) na sadržaj isparljivih jedinjenja u mesu evropskog jelena (Cervus
elaphus), jelena lopatara (Dama dama) i srndaća (Capreolus capreolus). Sakupljeno je
ukupno četrdeset osam trupova ženki tri vrste (po 16 trupova evropskog jelena, jelena
lopatara i srndaća), tako da je iz ravničarskog i planinskog kraja prikupljeno po 8 trupova
evropskog jelena, jelena lopatara i srnadaća. U našem istraživanju u mesu jelena
lopatara utvrđen je veći sadržaj aldehida, ketona i alkohola odgovornih za neprijatan
ukus mesa u poređenju sa mesom evropskog jelena i srndaća. Pored toga, region lovišta
uticao je na sadržaj većine aldehida, heterocikličnih i fenolnih jedinjenja i estara. Veći
sadržaj isparljivih jedinjenja odgovornih za neprijatan ukus utvrđen je u mesu jelenske
divljači iz planinskog kraja nego iz ravničarskog kraja
Bioaqua - enhancing aquaculture biosecurity through biomolecular innovations
No full textThe COST CA22160 Action "Enhancing knowledge of biomolecular solutions for the well-being of the
european aquaculture sector" (BioAqua), addresses critical biosecurity challenges in aquaculture by
leveraging advanced biomolecular innovations. As aquaculture continues to grow, it faces significant
threats from diseases and pathogens that can undermine its productivity and sustainability. BioAqua
aims to revolutionize biosecurity strategies within the industry by integrating multidisciplinary
approaches and pioneering biomolecular tools.WG1 Biomolecular solutions for water prophylaxis and
biosafety focuses on developing new proteins and biomarkers to enhance water prophylaxis and
biosafety in aquaculture systems. By identifying key biomarkers, this group aims to detect early signs
of disease or contamination in aquaculture environments, allowing for timely interventions. Research
efforts include discovering novel proteins and applying molecular techniques to monitor water quality
and identify pathogenic threats, ensuring a safer aquaculture ecosystem. WG2 Biomolecular solutions
as alternative methods and tools for fish-farm production explores environmentally friendly and safe
treatments for aquaculture, emphasizing new molecular engineering methodologies and innovative
approaches. The goal is to reduce reliance on antibiotics and chemical treatments, addressing concerns
over antimicrobial resistance. WG 2 investigates molecular approaches such as CRISPR-based gene
editing, probiotics, and other bio-based treatments to enhance fish health and resilience while
minimizing environmental impacts. WG3 Fish welfare serves as a horizontal working group that
ensures biomolecular solutions explored in WGs 1 and 2 positively impact fish welfare. This group
considers aspects such as disease prevention, stress reduction, growth optimization, feeding efficiency,
and behavior. WG 3 integrates welfare standards into biomolecular innovations to ensure that
technological advancements improve fish quality of life and productivity without compromising their
well-being. WG4 Sustainability insights conducts in-depth analyses of the drivers and barriers related
to aquaculture sustainability and the adoption of solutions explored in WGs 1 and 2. This includes
examining regulatory aspects, proposing innovative veterinary applications, and developing fish
tracking systems. WG 4 addresses regulatory and sustainability challenges to facilitate the adoption of
new technologies, ensuring aquaculture practices remain economically viable and environmentally
responsible. WG5 Informed creativity focuses on research and innovation management, addressing the
technological, sectorial, territorial, policy-oriented, and social dimensions that impact research and the
uptake of results. WG 5 bridges the gap between innovation and practical application, promoting
collaboration, creativity, and informed decision-making across multiple stakeholders. This approach is
expected to improve biosecurity protocols, supporting healthier stocks and more sustainable practices
across the industry.Book of abstract