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Inteligencija djece u svaremenoj metodici nastave i digitalizacija nastavnog procesa
No full textRazličita dešavanja i okolnosti su u proteklom periodu doveli do naglih promjena u učenju i obrazovanju. Savremeno obrazovanje mnogo govori o digitalizaciji nastave i samog njenog procesa. Veoma je važno istaći da su i djeca na neki način postala digitalizovana u smislu da napredne tehnike često koriste u negativne svrhe. Ovaj rad najviše govori o inteligenciji djece koja se trenutno ne razvija na bas adekvatan način. Digitalni učenici nam svakako pomažu u radu i nastavi, ali se moraju i trebaju ispravno i adekvatno upotrebljavati. Digitalizaciji treba pristupiti vrlo oprezno. Opšte poznato je da vještačka inteligencija omogućava računarima da koriste ogromnu količinu podataka i informacija kako bi samo donijeli odluku ili uradili nešto umjesto čovjeka kao lica. Postavlja se pitanje treba li čovječanstvu takav vid života, rada i funkcionisanja. Takođe se postavlja pitanje za šta će nam onda služiti ljudi/čovjek? Isti slučaj je i sa učenicima. Ako postoje računari koji sve sami rješavaju, kako će onda učenici razvijati svoje sposobnosti i inteligenciju. Učenici moraju i trebaju biti sposobni da sami razmišljaju, izvode zaključke, te primjenjuju naučeno, naravno uz pomog tehnologija, kada se za to ukaže potreba. U ovom radu ćemo nastojati prikazati nekoliko smjernica kako učiti u današnje vrijeme naprednih tehnologija, te kako razvijati prirodnu inteligenciju, što ujedno i predstavlja problem ovog rada. Cilj našeg istraživanja se da se ukaže na problem prevelike digitalizacije nastavnog procesa i mogućih posljedica, na koji način to sve utiče na učenike i njihove sposobnosti.Various events and circumstances in the past period have led to sudden changes in learning and education. Modern education talks a lot about the digitization of teaching and its process itself. It is very important to point out that children have also become digitized in a way, in the sense that they often use advanced techniques for negative purposes. This paper mostly talks about children's intelligence, which is currently not developing in an adequate way. Digital students certainly help us in work and teaching, but they must and should be used correctly and adequately. Digitization should be approached very cautiously. It is widely known that artificial intelligence allows computers to use a huge amount of data and information in order to make a decision or do something instead of a human being. The question arises whether humanity needs such a way of life, work and functioning. The question also arises, what will people/man serve us for then? The same is the case with students. If there are computers that solve everything by themselves, then how will students develop their abilities and intelligence. Students must and should be able to think for themselves, draw conclusions, and apply what they have learned, of course with the help of technology, when the need arises. In this paper, we will try to present several guidelines on how to learn in today's age of advanced technologies, and how to develop natural intelligence, which is also the problem of this paper. The goal of our research is to point out the problem of excessive digitization of the teaching process and its possible consequences, how it all affects students and their abilities
Dried fruits of Sorbus torminalis L. Crantz. as functional food
No full textFruits of Sorbus torminalis L. Crantz. (Wild service tree) have been traditionally used, fresh or dried, for
the production of preserves such as jam, jelly, syrup, compote or tea. Furtheremore, these fruits are well
known worldwide as a traditional remedy for treating respiratory tract infections, as traditional astringent,
diarrheic and antidiabetic agents. As a part of broad research, the aim of this study was to define phenolic
profile as well as antioxidant activity of water and methanolic extracts of dried fruits. The presence and
content of 44 plant phenolics and quinic acid was determined using LC-MS/MS technique. In order to
examine antioxidant potency, few in vitro assays were carried out: DPPH. (diphenylpicrylhydrazyl), HO»
(hydroxyl radical), and reducing power (FRAP) assay. In addition, total phenolic and flavonoid contents were
determined spectrophotometrically. Among examined compounds, quinic acid (precursor of phenolics) was
the most dominant among both samples. Moreover, protocatechuic an ferulic acids were the most abundant
amongst phenolics acids. Furthermore, analysis of selected flavonoids showed notable content of
amentoflavone as well as quercetin glycosides (quercetin-3-O-glucoside and hyperoside). In applied
antioxidant tests, methanolic extract showed the highest antiradical activity. Compared to propyl galate, a
well known synthetic antioxidant, both extracts exhibited a potent antioxidant activity. Total phenolic content
was significant, expecially in methanolic extract, while total phenolic content was low in both extracts.
Obtained results indicates a significant antioxidant potential of S. torminalis fruits and higly support
traditional use of this species in diet, but also points to its use as a functional food
Sustainable transition of the Republic of Serbia: measuring capacity for circularity in agriculture and rural areas
No full textBackground The Republic of Serbia (RS) is strategically oriented towards sustainable development, but the imple mentation thereof faces diferent limitations and problems. RS emits substantial pollution caused by fossil fuels, and pollution from agricultural sector characterized by inefcient use of energy and intensive use of fertilizers. Bearing in mind the signifcant agricultural capacities and the orientation towards rural development, a special green transformation must be implemented in this domain. Taking into account the specifcities and tradition, the introduction of the circularity concept can be considered the most acceptable. Research on readiness for transition to circular ity in RS rural areas has not been conducted; therefore, the goal of the paper is to develop a concept for assessing the capacity of rural areas for circularity. This study is the frst scientifc proposal that aims to provide input for poli cymakers, thus contributing to the creation of a new identity of RS, whose development is based on the principles of sustainability.
Methods The study was conducted as conceptual research, with the objective of examining an undiscovered phe nomenon without empirical evidence and incorporating the targeted phenomenon into a conceptual framework, while providing a proposal for a solution model based on an interdisciplinary approach—the application of qualita tive and quantitative methods (aggregation of composite indicators and Delphi method).
Results Paper results can be summarized as follows: (a) qualitative analysis of policy framework related to RS transi tion towards circularity (which shows that regulation is insufcient or non-existent, so conceptual research at this stage is necessary and only possible); (b) research questionnaire; (c) original set of indicators for measuring capacity for circularity (derived from the questionnaire); (d) concept of index of capacity of agriculture and rural areas for circu larity (based on a set of indicators); and (e) concept of the monitoring of circularity implementation.
Conclusions The main research fndings presented in this paper could be benefcial for countries at early stages of introducing circularity, having both low and high agricultural potential. With slight modifcations, they can also be applied to other economic activitie
Non-Destructive Assessment of Leaf Chlorophyll and Epidermal Flavonoids in Two Tomato Cultivars (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) Grown Under Different Trichoderma spp. Treatments
No full textThe purpose of this study is to examine the effects of different Trichoderma spp. treatments (T1: Trichoderma harzianum, T2: Trichoderma brevicompactum, and T3: T1 + T2) on two tomato cultivars (‘Narvik’ and ‘Gružanski zlatni’) by the non-destructive monitoring of chlorophyll (Chl) and epidermal flavonol (Flav) indices and nitrogen balance index (NBI) in their leaves. The main objectives were to compare the responses of tomato cultivars considered (grown in a greenhouse) to different Trichoderma strains and a combination of Trichoderma strains. Variations in the Chl, Flav, and NBI values obtained were significantly influenced by nearly all the factors examined (namely the tomato cultivar, experimental week, and treatment), the interaction of which was found significant for all the parameters analyzed. The results obtained indicate that the combinations of strains in the T3 treatment markedly enhanced the Chl content in the ‘Narvik’ cultivar in some experimental weeks. Moreover, reduced NBI values were determined in the Trichoderma-treated ‘Narvik’ plants due to the increased flavonol content, which indicates a shift from primary to secondary metabolism. Further research, including the same cultivars and treatments, is warranted under field conditions to evaluate the physiological responses of the ‘Narvik’ and ‘Gružanski zlatni’ tomato cultivars in a multiple-stressor environment
Eco-innovations in the Creation of New Capacities for Achieving the Goals of the Green Economy - Case of the Midas Project
No full textInstitute for Agriculture and Vegetables, National Institute of im-
portance for the Republic of Serbia, in consortium of 25 partners from 13
European countries engage all relevant stakeholders (agricultural community,
bio-based industry, academic community, etc.) in dissemination and exploita-
tion of project results and encouragement of international cooperation to
exchange best practices and create scenarios for the benefit of all in develop-
ment of business plans to encourage circularity at the farm level through en-
gagement agricultural community, industrial actors and academic community
through project case studies.
In this context the MIDAS - Marginal lands, industrial crops and in-
novative bio-based value chains project, which has been funded by the Hori-
zon Europe framework program, decided to address challenges contained in
specific goals of the MIDAS: Increasing knowledge about current and future
marginal land for “low ILUC” biomass production, challenges biodiversity
and ecosystem services, as well as potential common ones benefits from bio-
mass production. “Low-ILUC” (ILUC - Indirect Land Use Change) is a fac-
tor that indicates in to what extent is there a risk of changing the use of arableland for the production of raw materials for products that they are not food.
Raw materials that have a low ILUC risk were created by growing industrial
crops on marginal land or by cultivating areas that were not used for plant
production or were abandoned, through the improvement of agricultural
practices, which keeps the areas for the production of food raw materials at
the same level. Optimization of the production of selected industrial plant
species, adapted to cultivation on marginal agricultural land in the 9th state,
in 12 localities to achieve a low level of ILUC. Establishment of case studies
(12 in 9 countries) of innovative systems cultivation (combined sowing and
agroforestry) which have a low ILUC level at marginal agricultural land at the
agricultural level farms, for current and future systems in agriculture.
Utilization of marginal lands for growing sustainable industrial crops
and developing innovative bio-based products represents significant eco-in-
novation that contributes to increasing the number and quality of the impacts
on the green economy network of excellent case studies: Development of 13
new bio products (biobased) in accordance with circular use biomass. Devel-
opment of innovative value chains/networks based on biologically effective
resources and assessment of production sustainability, including impacts on
biodiversity.Urednici: prof. dr Andrea Andrejević Panić, prof. dr Jelena Ješić, prof. dr Simonida Vukadinović i prof. dr Gordana Racić; tehnički urednici: prof. dr Simonida Vukadinović, prof. dr Jelena Ješić, prof. dr Andrea Andrejević Panić i doc. dr Zoran Brlja
Correlation Analysis of Students’ Success in Solving Analytic Geometry and Multiple Integral Problems
No full textIn this paper, we aim to contribute to the planning and implementation of education in higher mathematics education for students from non-mathematics study programs, specifically focusing on multivariable calculus, i.e., multiple integrals. Indeed, the outcomes of various empirical studies indicate that students from non-mathematical faculties struggle to grasp and comprehend multiple integrals and multivariable functions in general. The research presented in this paper aims to ascertain whether there is a significant correlation between students' achievements in multiple integrals and their achievements in applying knowledge and skills from analytical geometry (to define sets of points in the plane and space, determined by lines, curves, planes and surfaces). Additionally, the study investigates whether this correlation potentially varies based on the various instructional teaching approaches. The presented empirical research was conducted at the Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, with 72 second-year students, divided into two groups. The results indicate that the given linear correlation is statistically significant and positive. Moreover, the differences in correlation coefficients calculated for two groups of students who acquired knowledge in multiple integrals through different instructional approaches are not statistically significant. These findings underscore the need to devote substantial attention to the teaching of multiple integrals, especially in devising methods that enable students to visualize specific mathematical concepts in both plane and space. Additionally, a precise definition of integration domains, and an accurate specification of variable bounds, should be emphasized in the multiple integrals teaching and learning process.https://azbuki.bg/uncategorized/multiple-representations-of-functions-in-the-frame-of-distance-learning
Circular economy course in University Educons new curriculum with best practice case study firm Biofar System in eco-innovations
No full textThe aim of the paper is to present and promote changes in the curriculum in accordance with the needs of the market, but at the same time in the merciless and unpredictable race with innovations in industry and production. Educons University as an educational institution dedicated to projects that promote the transfer and exchange of knowledge and skills, through the creation of long-term partnerships and opportunities for (new) employment, which inspires innovation, entrepreneurship and creativity through the development of new approaches in teaching and learning. One of examples of good practice in “initiatives to meet the market changes” is reflected and proved in study program Organic agriculture Course entitled Circular economy. The circular economy aims at renewing natural resources, keeping raw materials in use and extending the life of products through application of appropriate design that allows end-of-life products not to become waste and do not contribute to pollution.
In order to respond as soon as possible to the needs of the market and to be closer to its partner companies, Educons University included successful companies in the Board of Directors and included their needs to its new curriculums. One of companies in the prestige society in the Board of Directors is the company Biofor, which has excellent cooperation with the Faculty of Ecological Agriculture. The Case Study presented as a good practice example is supported by the activities and products of the company Biofor, whose eco-innovation products are available on our and regional market
Impact of learning environments on students' achievements in calculus contents before and during the COVID-19 crises
No full textIn this research, the students’ achievements in learning Calculus, before and during COVID-19 crisis, are analyzed and compared. Two groups of students, the experimental and the control one, were monitored. Both groups worked in three corresponding subgroups (traditional, hybrid and online) in the frame of different learning environment. The distance learning was applied with the students in the experimental group, in autumn 2020, during COVID-19 crisis, while the control group students learned in autumn 2019, before COVID-19 crisis. The new teaching material was prepared for the students in the experimental group. The comparison between these two groups and their subgroups is described in this paper. It turned out that the students from the experimental group, who used new teaching material for distance learning, had better results than the students in the control group
Утицај ИПАРД подстицаја на рурални развој Републике Србије са аспекта пољопривреде и руралног туризма
No full textРурални развој је вишедимензионалан и сложен процес трансформације руралних подручја. Уједно, ради се о критичној области политике, јер се протеже на многа питања која утичу на квалите живота урбаног и руралног становништва, као развијених, тако и земаља у развоју. Због тога је финансирање од изузетне важности, јер има централну улогу у развоју руралне економиије, одређујући могуће правце и степен развоја. Као инструмент претприступне помоћи Европске Уније ИПАРД програм намењен је за помоћ пољопривредним произвођачима и прерађивачима, као и свим становницима руралних подручја Републике Србије у постепеном подизању капацитета и потенцијала како би се благовремено припремили за коришћење приступних фондова након успешне имплементације ИПАРД програма. Управо на тим основама, извршено је целовито сагледавање примене ИПАРД подстицаја као економске мере у циљу диверзификације руралног развоја Републике Србије. Стога, предмет овог истраживања јесте укупан ефекат ИПАРД подстицаја, те појединачни ефекти ИПАРД подстицаја на индикаторе руралног развоја, са аспекта пољопривреде и руралног туризма Републике Србије. Мотив истраживања операционализован је кроз следеће циљеве истраживања:• утврђивање ефекта ИПАРД подстицаја на рурални развој са аспекта пољопривреде и руралног туризма, • утврђивање ефекта ИПАРД подстицаја на производне капацитете за пољопривредну производњу/прераду и смештајне капацитете у руралном туризму, • утврђивање ефекта ИПАРД подстицаја на пољопривредњу производњу/прераду/изградњу и опремање објеката за рурални туризам, • утврђивање ефекта ИПАРД подстицаја на извоз/продају подносилаца захтева у области пољопривреде и руралног туризма, • утврђивање ефекта ИПАРД подстицаја на профит подносилаца захтева у области пољопривреде и руралног туризма, • утврђивање ефекта ИПАРД подстицаја на тржишни удео подносилаца захтева у области пољопривреде и руралног туризма, • утврђивање ефекта ИПАРД подстицаја на број новозапослених лица код подносилаца захтева у области пољопривреде и руралног туризма, • утврђивање ефекта ИПАРД подстицаја на радну продуктивност запослених у области пољопривреде и руралног туризма.Квантитативно истраживање је спроведено на пригодном узорку од 336 испитаника са територије Републике Србије који су поднели захтев, при чему је 186 испитанико добило средства, док 150 испитаника није добило средства. Емпиријски део истраживања спроведен је техником анкетирања, те обрадом и анализом прикупљених података. Упитник се састојао из две целине: први део обухватио је питања у вези социо-демографских карактеристика испитаника (врста подносиоца захтева, регион подносиоца захтева, подручје рада, пол, старост, ниво образовања, поклапање стручне спреме са облашћу апликације, број година пословања), те питања везана за захтев апликације за ИПАРД средства (употреба консултантских услуга, мера аплицирања, врста инвестиције, сектор улагања, да ли је улагање у обновљиве изворе енергије, сертификованост за органску производњу, да ли су добијена ИПАРД средства), док се други део односио на испитивање ставова у вези руралног развоја са аспекта пољопривреде и туризма употребом Ликертове скале од 1 – уопште се не слажем до 5 – у потпуности се слажем. За обраду података кориштен је статистички софтвер IBM SPSS 22.Употребом линеарне регресионе анализе, резултати истраживања су показали да ИПАРД подстицаји имају значајан ефекат на рурални развој са аспекта пољопривреде и руралног туризма, као и на све појединачне индикаторе руралног развоја. Када је реч о пољопривреди, допринос ИПАРД средстава је највећи код профита подносилаца захтева, што подразумева да добијена ИПАРД средства највише позитивно корелирају са оствареним профитом подносилаца захтева. Допринос ИПАРД средстава најамањи је код броја новозапослених лица код подносилаца захтева, што подразумева да добијена ИПАРД средства најмање позитивно корелирају са бројем новозапослених лица код подносилаца захтева. Када је реч о руралном туризму, допринос ИПАРД средстава је највећи код изградње и опремања објеката за рурални туризам, што подразумева да добијена ИПАРД средства највише позитивно корелирају са изградњом и опремањем објеката у руралном туризму. Допринос ИПАРД средстава најмањи је код броја новозапослених лица код подносилаца захтева у руралном туризму, што подразумева да добијена ИПАРД средства најмање позитивно корелирају са бројем новозапослених лица код подносилаца захтева у руралном туризму.Будући да су у нашој земљи, истраживања ове проблематике веома оскудна и заснивају се углавном на дескриптивном опису добијених подстицаја, те евентуалној компарацији са другим земљама региона или Европске Уније, ово истраживање доприноси целовитом сагледавању ефеката ИПАРД подстицаја на рурални развој, као и афирмисању ове теме у научно-истраживачкој пракси. С теоријског становишта, садржај докторске дисертације доприноси систематизацији сазнања и теоријском уобличавању истраживаног феномена у домаћој пракси, у смислу разумевања који су то опредељујући фактори који утичу на развој руралне пољопривреде и руралног туризма у Републици Србији. Резултати истраживања послужиће креаторима економске политике и корисницима подстицаја као могуће смернице ка достизању ЕУ стандарда, што представља практичну импликацију истраживања ове докторске дисертације
Organska poljoprivreda od prošlosti do sadašnjosti
No full textPolovinom 20. veka doilo je do inteziviranja poljoprivredne pro- izvodnje. Pored toga Sto je industralizacija poljoprivrede dovele do ostva- rivanja veceg prinosa i profita, konvencionalna poljoprivreda imala je Citav niz negativnih posledica po ljudsko zdravlje, zivotnu sredinu i biodiverzi- tet. Danas se konvencionalna poljoprivreda smatra jednim od najzna¢ajni- jih zagadivaca zivotne sredine. Moguénost prevazilazenja ovog problema pronadena je u razvijanju odrzivih sistema poljoprivredne proizvodnije, a organska poljoprivreda je jedan od vidova odrzive poljoprivrede. Cilj ovog rada je da se prikaZe istorijski razvoj organske poljoprivrede kao o
sistema poljoprivrede, kao i stanje u organskoj poljoprivredi danas +
spektiva njenog razvoja. Analiti¢ari razvoj organske poljoprivrede
tri faze: organic 1.0, 2.01 3.0. Organic 1.0 je faza pojave pionira koji su
zali na negativne posledice konvencionalne poljoprivrede. Period ox
2.0 karakteriSe se razvojem zakonske regulative i Sirenjem organske
privrede u svetu, a organic 3.0 definiSe buducnost organske poljopris
kao i izazove sa kojima se organska proizvodnja suoéavala i sa koji
se suoéavati, kao i moguénosti njihovog prevazilazenja. Danas se or:
proizvodnja odvija na skoro 76,5 miliona ha u 191 zemalja sveta. Ko
na zakonska regulativa implementirana je u 74 drZava, a zarada od p
organskih proizvoda dostigla je u 2021. godini 124,8 milijardi dolare.Urednici: prof. dr Andrea Andrejević Panić, prof. dr Jelena Ješić i prof. dr Simonida Vukadinović; tehnički urednici: prof. dr Simonida Vukadinović, prof. dr Jelena Ješić, prof. dr Andrea Andrejević Panić i doc. dr Zoran Brlja