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Neologisms and neosemes in the Zingarelli dictionary : a synchronic comparison of the tenth (1970) edition and the twelfth (2015) reprint edition
No full textOva disertacija, kao što se vidi iz njenog naslova koji glasi „Neologizmi i neosemije u rečniku Zingarelli: sinhronijsko poređenje Desetog izdanja (1970.) i Dvanaestog, ponovljenog izdanja (2015.)“ ima za cilj da podrobnije istraži vrstu neologizama koji su do danas u literaturi prisutni u ograničenom obimu. U ovoj disertaciji, prema definiciji De Maura (2006a: V; 102), pod neosemijom se podrazumeva novo značenje koje dobija već postojeća reč; kao što se može videti iz rečnika „Neologizmi“ čiji su autori Adamo i Dela Vale (2008b: 2.6), ovaj tip neoformacija ubraja se među semantičke neologizme...La presente tesi, come evidenziato dal titolo "Neologismi e neosemie nel vocabolario Zingarelli: un confronto sincronico tra la Decima edizione (1970) e la ristampa della Dodicesima edizione (2015)", intende approfondire una tipologia di neologismi che attualmente presenta una letteratura limitata. Con neosemia si intende, nella presente tesi, una nuova accezione di una parola già esistente, secondo la definizione fornita da De Mauro (2006a: V; 102); come si può vedere all'interno del repertorio "Neologismi" curato da Adamo e Della Valle (2008b: 2.6), questo tipo di neoformazione corrisponde ai neologismi semantici..
Contemporary standard British vowels and their acquisition by native speakers of Serbian
No full textCilj ove disertacije je dvojak. S jedne strane se akustički ispituje kvalitet vokala u savremenom standardnom britanskom izgovoru engleskog jezika (Eksperiment 1), te se tako pruža slika o njihovom aktuelnom stanju. Uzorak na kome se vokali ispituju jeste govor četrnaestoro profesionalnih spikera Bi-Bi-Sija tokom čitanja vesti, a analizirani vokali su sledeći: 11 monoftonga (KIT, DRESS, TRAP, FOOT, STRUT, LOT, FLEECE, PALM, GOOSE, THOUGHT i NURSE) i 4 diftonga (GOAT, PRICE, MOUTH i FACE). Sa druge strane (Eksperiment 3), ispituje se na isti način produkcija tih vokala kod govornika srpskog, studenata engleskog jezika i književnosti (n=26), podeljenih u dve jednake grupe, sačinjene od studenata prve godine i studenata završnih godina Katedre za anglistiku Filološkog fakulteta u Beogradu, od kojih su svi orijentisani ka britanskom izgovoru engleskog jezika. Ispitanici su čitali tekst sastavljen od odabranih rečenica i pasusa iz kolekcije vesti Bi-Bi-Sija iz Eksperimenta 1...The aim of the disseration is twofold. On the one hand the vowel quality of contemporary standard British pronunciation is acoustically analysed (Experiment 1), based on the speech of fourteen BBC newsreaders in TV and radio broadcasts. The following vowels were analysed: 11 monopththongs (KIT, DRESS, TRAP, FOOT, STRUT, LOT, FLEECE, PALM, GOOSE, THOUGHT and NURSE) and 4 diphthongs (GOAT, PRICE, MOUTH and FACE). On the other hand, in Experiment 3, the production of the same set of vowels by Serbian speakers, studying English language and literature, was analysed. The students (n=26) were divided into two groups of equal size, with the first group comprising freshmen, and the second group comprising fourth year and MA students. The participants were recorded reading a text that was subset of the paragraphs from the news copy collected in Experiment 1..
Evaluation of oral histories and life stories
No full textOral histories and life stories, as specific “documents of life” (K. Plummer)
and narrative forms, have hybrid genre structure, a particular relation to
reality, and the process of their evaluation poses different methodological
questions. The use of oral histories and life stories as resources and
evidence is especially complex issue. These texts are subjective with regard
to reconstruction of memories and construction of narratives, as well as
intersubjective and dialogical, considering that they are created
collaboratively by the interviewee and the interviewer, starting from the
conceptualisation of the interview up to its interpretation. The paper
discusses the criteria for validity and reliability in oral histories and
life stories, which concern advantages and limitations of a field interview
(i.e. oral history and life story method), and aspects of constructing
narrative identity in oral history and life story interview. The interview is
considered to be a form of a heuristic collaboration between interviewer and
interviewee, with their shared authority in a dialogue. However, there can be
certain methodological limitations regarding, for example, conduction of an
interview, relation between participants in a research, interpretation of
data, influence of a particular context, employment of specific narrative or
linguistic conventions in the construction of narration, and they may affect
evaluation. In the final section the importance and forms of evaluation in
narrating is discussed. Relaying on sociolinguistic and narrative analysis
studies, some characteristic evaluating techniques in narratives are
outlined, and also the way how evaluation is connected with other components
of the content and the structure of a narrative. [Project of the Serbian
Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no.
178010: Jezik, folklor i migracije na Balkanu
The poetry of monasticism(s): One Japanese and several Serbian monks
No full textU tekstu se, na osnovu vremenske i motivske bliskosti, kao i prostorne i poetičke udaljenosti, dovode u dijalog i poredbeno posmatraju jedna japanska povest i par srpskih hagiografija, sa posebnom pažnjom obraćenom na pitanje odlaska. Od sveta i ulaska u književni svet, i na dvostrukost pojedinih Monaha-pisaca, kao istovremeno autora i junaka srednjovekovnih književnosti.Reaching out to distant Japanese culture, in an attempt to bring it into correlation with Serbian medieval tradition, a comparison is made of The Tale of Saigyo - a story by an unknown author about one of the legendary poets of the ancient Japanese literature from the 13th century, with several motifs from our haghiographies by Domentian and Theodosios. The poet-monk Saigyo is compared with Saint Sava, as a writer, as well as with Peter of Korisha, as an ascete. Special attention is paid to the motif of departure from this world, which is simultaneously an entry into the world of literary creation, as the writer-monk also appears as a literary character in later writings
L'accoglimento dei forestierismi nella Settima edizione del vocabolario Zingarelli tra divieti ed espedienti lessicografici
No full textLa Settima edizione del vocabolario Zingarelli coincide con gli anni in cui l’autarchia linguistica del regime fascista ha prodotto i suoi effetti più evidenti, tra i quali il divieto di utilizzare parole straniere nelle insegne e nelle pubblicità. Si suppone che questo divieto abbia riguardato anche la compilazione dei vocabolari. Nello studio del trattamento riservato dai lessicogra nei confronti dei forestierismi, oltre alla Settima edizione dello Zingarelli (del 1942) è stato osservato anche il Dizionario Moderno di Panzini (1942, Ottava edizione postuma). La peculiarità del Dizionario di Panzini è quella di includere un’appendice nella quale vengono accolte le liste di sostituzione dei forestierismi diffuse dalla Reale Accademia d’Italia. Attraverso il confronto sincronico dei due dizionari è stato evidenziato nello Zingarelli l’inserimento di iversi forestierismi attraverso un carattere tipogra co di dimensioni ridotte rispetto a quello utilizzato per le entrate comuni, probabilmente allo scopo di registrare queste parole all’interno del vocabolario stesso e, allo stesso tempo, di renderle
meno appariscenti
The acquisition of low back merger in non-native speakers of American English
No full textThis study deals with the acquisition of /(sic)/(Eng. CAUGHT) and /alpha/ (Eng. COT) by a group of 6 non-native speakers of American English of Serbian language background. Firstly, the acoustic analysis of F1 and F2 shows that most speakers in this study keep the contrast between the two vowels. The vowel contrast exhibited by the participants of this study may be described as not as strong as in other studies concerning native speakers of American English. This new finding applies to the native speakers of standard Serbian who are non-native speakers of American English. Secondly, the loss of the vowel contrast that is an attested change displayed by native speakers of North American English and usually referred to as a "low back merger" is also found in our cohort. Even though the low back merger was not formally taught to the non-native speakers that are participants of this study, some are shown to have absorbed the changes in the vocalic structure from their language community by adopting the vowel merger. The acquisition of the low back merger brings the participants of this study closer to the phonetic habits of native speakers of American English
Mогућности примене когнитивног приступа у настави правописа
No full textЦиљ рада је методолошко богаћење наставних приступа ортографији (подобласт писања великог слова у називима културних манифестација). Полазећи од хипотезе да процеси разумевања правописних правила и усвајања знања подразумевају и грађење когнитивних концепата одговорних за успех, али и за разноврсна огрешења о норму, зарад откривања методички делатних метафора и пројектовања ефикаснијег наставног модела анализирали смо и класификовали примере из електронског корпуса (укупно 100 примера). На темељу тих резултата осмислили смо методичке поступке, ослоњене на експликаторне потенцијале појмовних метафора чија је улога да – снижавајући ниво апстрактности тежег градива – омогуће лакше и обухватније усвајање и примену ортографских узуса. Когнитивни приступ у настави српског језика представљамо као универзални modus operandi чијом се умесном применом развијају метафоричка компетенција, као и метафоричка флуентност наставника и ученика, које, поред повишавања динамике и занимљивости наставе, доприносе изразитијој интелектуалној активности ученика те обезбеђују боље и дугорочније исходе учења.In this paper we present a cognitive based methodical approach in orthography teaching. The analysis of a corpus consisting of a hundred examples of incorrect use of a capital letter showed that basic causes of the lack of
knowledge on orthography norm are (a) domination of prescriptive teaching procedures, and (b) a lack of successful analogical patterns which can make easier the understanding orthography rules more significantly. Since
three basic models of errors are identified in corpus, we based our metodical approach on introducing conceptual
metaphors in explicatory process. Thus we built a methodical approach as strategy of heuristic metaphor: starting
point is a source domain of a man and man naming, and the four teaching steps are, in accordance with graduality
and complexity of teaching contents, modeled and directed by conceptual metaphors with which concepts, relevant
for knowledge acquirement, are successively formed. It starts from (1) conceptualization of rules (THE RULES
ARE THE SIGNS ON THE WAY TO LITERACY), then (2) forming the concept of a capital letter (A CAPITAL
LETTER IS A MARKER OF AUTOCHTONISM AND AUTENTICITY), and the last two phases, establishing a
direct analogy with a human being, enable the understanding and acquiring the knowledge on the use of а capital
letter in the titles of different manifestations, first in the simpler ones (3) MANIFESTATIONS ARE HUMAN BEINGS, and at last, in the most complex instances where most of errors appear (MANIFESTATIONS ARE COMPLEX IDENTITIES). The aim of the paper is to show how forming heuristic analogies provides a simpler and
more reliable way to knowledge acquiring and also how conceptual methaphors (well harmonized with the nature
and essence of particular linguistic phenomena) as methodically applied cognitive instruments contribute to the
development of teachersʼ and studentsʼ metaphorical competence
Prezent u romanu Na Drini ćuprija i njegova prevodivost na italijanski jezik
No full textPrevođenje dela Ive Andrića na italijanski jezik postavlja niz problema, među koje spada i adekvatno prevođenje prezenta. Elastičnost kojom se prezent upotrebljava u srpskom omogućuje Andriću iznenadne izlete u polje subjektivno obojenog izlaganja. Nasuprot ovome, ograničenja u upotrebi prezenta u italijanskom jeziku ne dozvoljavaju da se ovaj instrument Andrićeve proze dosledno sačuva u prevodu. Otuda je srpski prezent u italijanskim prevodima često zamenjen nekim prošlim vremenom, a takav tekst gubi deo psiholoških i emotivnih konotacija koje su prisutne kod Andrića. Razlozi za gubljenje prezenta u prevodu delom su sintaksički, delom su uslovljeni strukturom i organizacijom italijanskog književnog jezika. U nekim slučajevima izostavljanje prezenta predstavlja rezultat prevodiočeve slobode da se u svom tekstu opredeli za modele izlaganja koji su dominantni u italijanskom jeziku. U jednom modelu dominiraju ili subjektivni ili objektivni stav u izlaganju, u drugom modelu uspostavlja se opreka između naracije i deskripcije. Ovi modeli zahtevaju da se prevodilac ograniči na upotrebu specijalizovanih glagolskih vremena, bez mogućnosti da u svom tekstu precizno odslika upotrebe i kombinacije srpskih vremena. Za srpska vremena ne postoji strogo određena funkcionalna specijalizacija u tekstu i zbog toga se ona mogu međusobno kombinovati s mnogo više slobode nego u italijanskom jeziku. Ove strukturne razlike između italijanskog i srpskog jezika mogu da osvetle razloge zašto prevodioci romana Na Drini ćuprija nisu uvek mogli (ili nisu hteli, u nekim slučajevima) da u svojim prevodima dosledno sačuvaju Andrićev prezent i konotacije koje takav prezent unosi u tekst
The construction of special corpora of contemporary serbian — an example of corpus for mining domain
No full textУ овом раду се разматра изградња специјалног корпуса стручних текстова на српском језику из области рударства на Рударско-геолошком факултету Универзитета у Београду. Специјални корпус из области рударства је произашао из дигиталне библиотеке ROmeka"RGF, најпре као средство за унапређивање претраге дигиталне библиотеке захваљујући лингвистичкој анотацији, а потом и као ресурс за различита лингвистичка и терминолошка истраживања, укључујући екстракцију термина и друге задатке из области језичког инжењерства. У раду се пореде могућности неколико верзија корпуса језика струке из области рударства, односно коришћених софтверских пакета за креирање, управљање и претраживање корпуса.Тhis paper explores construction of domain-specific corpus of texts in Serbian from the mining
domain at the University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geology. Special linguistically annotated
corpus for mining domain originated from digital library ROmeka@RGF, initially as a means to improve features of digital library search engine, later as a language resource to be used in various linguistic research and multiple tasks of language engineering (terminology extraction, information retrieval,
computational lexicography etc.). Also, several versions of the same special linguistically annotated
corpus for mining domain, along with software packages used for corpora creation, management and
search, are compared related to their search features
Информациона писменост у светлу статистике - српске прилике
No full textРад се бави анализом стања, односно нивоа информационе писмености грађана Републике Србије. Ослања се
на истраживања Републичког завода за статистику Србије, као и на ретка, али драгоцена истраживања степена
информационе писмености код различитих делова српске популације. Статистички подаци су дали општи квантитативни
оквир, а ова сегментирана истраживања прецизније податке који се односе на информациону писменост припадника
одређених социјалних групација.
Полазиште и оквир за даљи развој информационе писмености у Србији у јавним политикама и стратегијама дало је
Национално саветовање о медијској и информацијској писмености одржано 2017. године. У раду се, такође, указује на
могућности које се нуде библиотекама које, познајући ове податке, могу да прилагоде своје услуге раду на промоцији и
ширењу информационе писмености међу становништвом.The paper deals with the analysis of the level of information literacy of citizens of the Republic of Serbia. It relies on research by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, as well as on rare but valuable researches of the level of information literacy in different parts of the Serbian population. The statistics provided a general quantitative framework, while the segmented research provides more precise data related to the degree of information literacy of members of certain social groups. On the basis of this research, it can be noticed that the level of information literacy, primarily of pupils and students, as well as of the other categories of the population of Serbia, is low. The starting point and framework for the further development of information literacy in Serbia in public policies and strategies were given by the National Conference on Media and Information Literacy, held in 2017. The paper also points to the opportunities offered to libraries which, by knowing this data, can adapt their services to the promotion and spread of information literacy among the population. A meaningful solution would be to pay attention to information literacy during formal education, at all levels. When it comes to librarians, a delicate question arises (which always provokes a burning debate and controversy) of their competencies and formal education. Nevertheless, one should not forget that the first serious initiatives on this issue have been launched in library circles. The interest in information literacy is expanding. Following the example of international professional practice, quantitative measurements and standardization attempts have been made. Serbian society has moved from the conceptualization phase to the phase of implementation of MIL in education, science, culture and everyday life. At this stage, libraries should also have a leadership role