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Long Time, No Buzz: Fixed Expressions as Constructional Frames
No full textThis paper explores the variability of fixed expressions in English from a constructionist perspective. The analysis comprises two kinds of such expressions: traditional aphoristic sequences (e.g., Once bitten, twice shy) and recent popular quotes (e.g., And now for something completely different). The analysis shows that in both cases these ready-made templates are used productively as constructional frames in which certain slots are filled by different lexical items (e.g. Once bitten, twice bankrupt; And now for something else), occasionally also involving the reshaping of the syntactic pattern (e.g., Once Biden, twice shy; And now for something completely Madonna), but keeping the overall form-meaning-use correspondence in the constructional frame clearly recognizable. The findings are further interpreted using the notions of conceptual blending and intertextuality in everyday language use, contextualized in a constructionist framework
Automatic Construction of a Morphological Dictionary of Multi-Word Units
No full textThe development of a comprehensive morphological dictionary of multi-word units for Serbian is a very demanding task, due to the complexity of Serbian morphology. Manual production of such a dictionary proved to be extremely time-consuming. In this paper we present a procedure that automatically produces dictionary lemmas for a given list of multi-word units. To accomplish this task the procedure relies on data in e-dictionaries of Serbian simple words, which are already well developed. We also offer an evaluation of the proposed procedure on several different sets of data. Finally, we discuss some implementation issues and present how the same procedure is used for other languages
Folklore field research: Perpetuating process
No full textU radu se najpre daje sažet pregled terenskog rada u oblasti folklora od 15. veka do danas, sa stanovišta književnoistorijskih i folklornih studija i s osvrtom na metodologiju i pitanja profesionalizacije i institucionalizacije terenskog rada. Drugi deo ovog priloga izveštava o obuci studenata srpske književnosti i jezika za terensko istraživanje folklora i postignutim rezultatima u sklopu ovog izbornog predmeta koji se predaje na Filološkom fakultetu Univerziteta u Beogradu. U završnom delu rada iznete su teškoće i predlozi vezani za čuvanje, sistematizaciju, indeksiranje i digitalizaciju folklorne terenske građe, predlozi za objedinjavanje folklornog terenskog materijala i stvaranje baze podataka.The paper presents a brief survey of folklore fieldwork research from the 15th century up today, in the context of philological and folklore studies and with regard to the issues of methodology, professionalization and institutionalization of fieldwork. The central part of the paper reports about the course Folklore fieldwork research, conducted at the Faculty of Philology, University of Belgrade since 2006. The training, methodological and practical results and theoretical issues are discussed. In the final part, problems of archiving, systematization, indexing and digitalization of folklore material are discussed, and suggestions are made how to create a database of folklore fieldwork material
On the sentence observed from the linguistic and stylistic standpoints
No full textU radu1 se rečenica smatra osnovnom jedinicom sporazumevanja koja nosi obeležje predikativnosti. Utvrđuje se da strukturnu stranu rečenice proučava strukturna sintaksa, a da komunikativna sintaksa proučava njen dinamički aspekt. Posmatrana kao komunikacijska forma, rečenica je predmet tzv. stilističke sintakse. Kako je normativna stilistika svojstvena jeziku uopšte - u tom smislu može se govoriti i o normativnoj sintaksi.This paper demonstrates that the basic cell of communication is the utterance - i.e. any form pronounced as an independent unit and used to convey information. A sentence is a structure which, both in isolation and in groups of sentences, serves to activate the utterance with the aim of conveying information: it is a language form with the referential function. According to that, the two types of forms of utterance, the non-predicative and the predicative, are in principle equal in terms of use. The indicators of predication have a special role: they refer to the contents of the words drawing on particular circumstances, in such a way that the interlocutor understands what facts the speaker is referring to. The conclusion is that the finite verb form is the focal point which makes language as functional and as essential in the lives of individual humans and groups, as is any human community
On some compound prepositions denoting space in modern Greek
No full textPredloško-padežne konstrukcije u savremenom grčkom jeziku su po svom značenju polivalentne, posebno one koje se formiraju od jednog priloga za mesto i jednog akuzativnog predloga. Autori ovog rada su nastojali da ukažu na neka od mogućih prostornih i mesnih značenja, koja se iskazuju putem složenih konstrukcijskih fraza πάνω από/σε te κάτω από/σε. Ove konstrukcije nisu izabrane nasumično, budući da ih savremeni grčki gramatičari i sintaktičari ubrajaju u grupu visoko frekventnih. Iz tog razloga su autori nastojali da u radu obuhvate u najosnovnijim crtama, koliko je to bilo moguće, njihova lokativna značenja, tj. značenje prostora i mesta, kako na semantičkom tako i na logičkom planu. Na osnovu svih analiziranih primera proističu dva osnovna zaključka: semantičko-logičko poimanja lokativnosti putem navedenih konstrukcija u savremenom grčkom jeziku dijametralno se razlikuju, te da je poimanje lokativnosti neposredno zavisno od samog ugla posmatranja.This paper aims to explore the meaning of space expressed by adverbials of place πάνω and κάτω in compound constructions formed with accusative prepositions από and σε. With a view to the obtained results, we noticed that there was a considerable difference within the very system for denoting space (and place), which entirely depended on the optical point of view and on the idea of space. Also, various morphological and syntactic modes of space representation in Modern Greek were directly reflected within the same optical point of view
Српскохрватска књижевна критика о романима Доналда Мајкла Томаса
No full textThe critical reception of the novels written by Donald Michael Thomas in the former Yugoslavia started immediately a. er the publication of his famous masterpiece - The White Hotel, to be additionally boosted by the translation of this novel a. er only a few years. Although both the quantity and the quality of the response to that book can be estimated as satisfactory, just one more novel by the same writer was translated before the disintegration of the Serbo-Croatian speaking area -0 in 1992, while not even one extract from his fiction was found in literary magazines, periodicals and dailies, published throughout the region during that period. Another interesting fact is that all the critical texts regarding Thomas are reviews of The White Hotel, apart from the preface to its translation, whose author deals with the entire opus of the British novelist. Since the second of his novels was translated at the very end of the analysed period, the ensuing reactions are not considered in this paper, and even though the critical reception continued for some time a. er that, it soon abated and stopped altogether towards the end of the nineties
Measurement of students' competencies for searching information in a text
No full textIstraživanje koje u ovom radu prikazujemo imalo je dva cilja: prvi je uspostavljanje koncepcijskog okvira za analizu strukture čitalačke kompetencije za pronalaženje (lociranje, mapiranje) informacija u tekstu, a drugi je konstruisanje valjanog instrumenta za merenje te kompetencije kod učenika četvrtog razreda osnovne škole. Da bismo ostvarili te ciljeve, konstruisali smo prvo probnu, a potom i finalnu verziju testa za merenje sposobnosti pronalaženja informacija u tekstu. Ovi instrumenti zadati su na uzorku od ukupno 3.591 učenika (probnu verziju rešavao je 681 učenik, a finalnu 2910 učenika). Rezultati pokazuju da je konceptualni okvir sačinjen od valjanih indikatora sposobnosti i da je konstruisani instrument dovoljno precizan za buduće upotrebe u ispitivanjima sposobnosti učenika četvrtog razreda za pronalaženje informacija u tekstu.The research presented in this article had two aims: the first was the establishment of an conceptual framework for the analysis of the structure of the reader's competency for finding (locating, mapping) information in a text, and the second related to construing a valid instrument for measuring this competence of the fourth grade elementary school students. In order to reach these goals we first constructed a trial and then the final version of a test for measuring text information searching skill. Both instruments were applied with 3.591 students (681 students did the trial version and 2.910 students were tested by the final version). The results show that the conceptual framework included valid indicators of the skill and that the construed instrument is precise enough for future uses in investigating the abilities of fourth grade students to find information contained in a text
La dyade mere-fille dans deux livres D'Annie Ernaux: Une femme et je ne suis pas sortie de ma nuit
No full textPredmet ovoga rada je stvaralaštvo francuske književnice Ani Erno čije je obrazovanje bilo pod uticajem marksizma, egzistencijalizma i fenomenologije naročito dela Simone de Bovoar Drugi pol. Neretki su i oni koji u njenom delu nalaze odjeke Pjera Burdijea. Pažnja je u ovom radu posvećena njenim dvema knjigama: Je ne suis pas sortie de ma nuit i Une femme, u kojima je središnji lik njena majka koja umire 1986. godine posle dugog bolovanja od Alchajmerove bolesti. Godine 1988. Ani Erno objavljuje knjigu Jedna žena (Une Femme) koju smatra tekstom na tromeđi književnosti, sociologije i istorije, a 1997. dnevnik koji je vodila tokom majčine bolesti Nisam izašla iz svoje noći (Je ne suis pas sortie de ma nuit). Iako objavljen kasnije ovaj dnevnik predstavlja svojevrsni uvod u žalost za umrlom majkom; ona je još uvek živa, ali životne funkcije joj opadaju zbog progresivne demencije. Osetivši potrebu da prikaže majku onakvom kakva je nekada bila, dakle, kao odlučnu, ambicioznu i hrabru ženu, Ani Erno prekida rad na dnevniku i piše knjigu Jedna žena, svojevrsnu počast ženi koja joj je bila uzor i inspiracija. Ovaj rad ispituje ova dva dela koja govore o ambivalentnom odnosu majke i kćerke, saučesničkom i rivalskom, punom razumevanja i ljubavi, ali neretko prožetom mržnjom i duhovnom udaljenošću. Ipak zahvaljujući majci, Ani Erno započinje karijeru pisca i, čini se, upravo kroz čin pisanja uspostavlja svoje izgubljeno unutrašnje jedinstvo.Annie Ernaux souffre d'un décalage entre son origine prolétaire et la classe bourgeoise dans laquelle elle a pénètre par son éducation et son mariage. Son oeuvre entière et en particulier Une Femme (1988) et Je ne suis pas sortie de ma nuit (1997) soulignent le rôle primordial de sa mère dans sa vie. Par son écriture, elle cherche ä dénouer son tiraillement interne et la souffrance qui découlent de sa situation. En écrivant sur sa mère Ernaux ne cherche pas seulement ä mieux comprendre l'influence maternelle qu'elle a subie, mais tente aussi de reconstruire un lien, indispensable ä la vie, en lui ötantce qu'il a de traumatisant. La mère seule confirmait la narratrice dans son identité en réunissant l'enfant du monde ouvrier ä l'intellectuelle. Ecrire, c'est unir, créer la vie par-delà la démence ou la mort
Raja Rao: the Serpent and the Rope. A dialogue between the author, the text and the reader
No full textIshodišna teza ovog rada je istraživanje mogućnosti onoga što je Bahtin nazvao kreativnim hronotopom, to jest dijalogom na relaciji autortekst-čitalac, na globalnom nivou, a na primeru romana Radže Raoa Zmija i uže. To istraživanje je sprovedeno u dva glavna dela rada. Prvi deo čini kratki kritički prikaz tri različita čitanja navedenog romana u kom su date osnovne postavke ta tri tumačenja, te njihove sličnosti, razlike i eventuale manjkavosti. Drugi deo čini hronotopsko tumačenje romana sa ciljem da se pruži polazišna osnova za mogućnost istovremenih različitih tumačenja u okviru Bahtinovih postavki o kreativnom hronotopu. Hronotopsko tumačenje zasnovano je na modifikacijama Bahtinove teorije hronotopa koju su dali Šmit i Brun, a fokus tumačenja je na kategorijama vremena i prostora, te na tumačenju likova i njihovih meĎuodnosa i tumačenju motiva. U zaključnom poglavlju se pored sumiranja rezultata nudi modifikacija koncepcije kreativnog hrotonopa zasnovana na koncepciji translokaliteta.The point of departure for this article is to explorethe possibilities of Bakhtin’s creative chronotope, i.e. the dialogue between the author, text and reader,using the example of Raja Rao’s novel The Serpent and the Rope.The article consists of two major parts. The first partpresentsa short critical survey of three different interpretations. It offers basicassumptions for these three interpretations,expoundingtheir similarities, differences, and possible flaws. The second part is an attempt at achronotopic interpretation of the novel, which offers a starting point for the possibility of simultaneous different interpretations in the scope of Bakhtin’s ideas about the creative chronotope. The chronotopic interpretation is based on modifications of Bakhtin’s theory of chronotope offered by Schmidt and Bruun, and it focuses on the categories of time and space, on interpretation of characters, relations between characters and their motives.The conclusion offersasummary of the results and a proposed modification of the theory of the creative chronotope based on the conception of translocality
Глаголи с рекцијском допуном у беспредлошком инструменталу и њихови реченични модели
No full textУ раду се, на материјалу Речника српскохрватскога књижевног језика Матице српске, даје детаљан преглед глагола савременог српског језика који као рекцијску допуну захтевају именичку јединицу у беспредлошком инструменталу. Износе се нека запажања о њиховим синтаксичко-семантичким карактеристикама и дају се реченични модели у оквиру којих се дати глаголи употребљавају.In this paper the author surveys the inventory of Serbian verbs which require oblique objects marked by the prepositionless instrumental case. Their syntactic and semantic properties are examined and multi-layered clausal models are construed