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Tumor-to-blood pool ratio of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography's standardized uptake value as a useful parameter indicating malignant transformation in pancreatic branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm compared to the international Fukuoka guidelines: a retrospective cohort study from surgical resections
No full textBackground
Identifying malignant transformation in pancreatic branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD-IPMNs) remains challenging, but the standardized uptake value (SUV) obtained from 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)/CT has the potential to become a valuable parameter for differentiation. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of SUV of FDG-PET/CT in distinguishing low-grade dysplasia (LGD), high-grade dysplasia (HGD), and intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC) within BD-IPMNs.Methods
We assessed 58 patients with confirmed BD-IPMN undergoing surgery between 2008 and 2022. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted using the tumor-to-blood pool ratio (TBR) of FDG-PET/CT in two scenarios: one considering HGD + IPMC as positive and the other considering only IPMC as positive.Results
In the cohort of 58 cases, there were 39 females, and the median age was 71 years. The median TBR value was 1.45 (range, 0.35–25.44). The TBRs exhibited a significant correlation with each histopathology (p < 0.001). Furthermore, in the multivariate analysis, TBR was independently significant in both scenarios, with HGD + IPMC defined as malignant (p = 0.001) and with only IPMC defined as malignant (p = 0.024).Conclusions
TBR might have the potential to serve as a valuable parameter for indicating malignant transformation in pancreatic BD-IPMNs.journal articl
A Study on Comparison and Cooperation in ICT Education between Japan and Taiwan
No full text台湾は教育工学、e-Learning に国として力を入れており、主要大学にこの分野の研究者が何人もいる。特に同分野において先進的な取り組みで指導的な立場にある。一方、日本においても段階的にGIGAスクール構想が実施され、教育においてもICTの重要性が改めて注目されるようになってきた。本研究では、日本と台湾のパートに分けて各国におけるICT教育に関する特徴等を調査する。この結果を比較する事で、両国のICT教育の持つ意味を確認しながら、共通で使用できる部分+相手国のICT教育を取り込み改善につなげる部分を見つけ、将来につながる今後のICT教育の方向性を検討するものである。departmental bulletin pape
Ⅲ．留学生の受入に関わる報告【授業関連】
No full text１．留学生センター日本語教育カリキュラム等の報告
インターナショナルオフィス 塩井 実香２．さぬきプログラム
インターナショナルオフィス 高水 徹３．各部局主催の短期受入プログラムにおける日本語授業
インターナショナルオフィス 塩井 実香departmental bulletin pape
Clinical effects of tacrolimus blood concentrations early after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
No full textBackground aims
Tacrolimus (TAC) plus short-term methotrexate (stMTX) is used for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). TAC blood concentrations are frequently adjusted to enhance the graft-versus-leukemia/lymphoma effect or attenuate severe GVHD. Limited information is available on the clinical impact of these adjustments and the optimal time to perform them in order to achieve good clinical outcomes.Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 211 patients who underwent allo-HSCT at our institutes.Results
Higher TAC concentrations in week 3 correlated with a significantly higher cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) (P = 0.03) and lower nonrelapse mortality (P = 0.04). The clinical impact of high TAC concentrations in week 3 on CIR was detected in the refined disease risk index: low/intermediate (P = 0.04) and high (P < 0.01), and conditioning regimens other than cyclophosphamide/total body irradiation and busulfan/cyclophosphamide (P = 0.07). Higher TAC concentrations in week 1 correlated with a lower grade 2-4 acute GVHD rate (P = 0.01). Higher TAC concentrations in weeks 2 and 3 correlated with slightly lower (P = 0.05) and significantly lower (P = 0.02) grade 3-4 acute GVHD rates, respectively. Higher TAC concentrations in weeks 1 and 3 were beneficial for severe acute GVHD in patients with a human leukocyte antigen-matched donor (P = 0.03 and P < 0.01, respectively), not treated with anti-thymocyte globulin (P = 0.02 and P = 0.02, respectively), and receiving three stMTX doses (P = 0.03 and P = 0.02, respectively).Conclusions
The clinical impact of TAC concentrations varied according to patient characteristics, including disease malignancy, conditioning regimens, donor sources, and GVHD prophylaxis. These results suggest that TAC management needs to be based on patient profiles.journal articl
Appearance time of blood in the brain as a possible indicator of oxygen extraction fraction: a feasibility study
Get PDFBackground: Imaging examination of cerebral blood flow (CBF), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and metabolic rate of oxygen is crucial for understanding the normal functioning and pathophysiology of the brain. A recently developed method estimates the appearance time of cerebral blood (ATB) pixel-wise from the imaging examination of CBF alone. In this study, we aimed to test the potential of ATB as an indicator of OEF.
Results: We retrospectively reviewed patients (n = 62) with suspected cerebrovascular disorders including steno-occlusive disease who underwent positron emission tomography (PET) with 15O-labelled tracers. Regarding the generated OEF and ATB images, a visual assessment was performed to test the consistency of the elevated OEF and delayed ATB. The OEF and ATB values and the absolute differences between their ipsilateral and contralateral sides were extracted and obtained for the entire hemisphere and the middle, anterior, and posterior cerebral arterial regions. Consistency was observed in 52 PET scans (83.9%) in visual assessment. The OEF and ATB values were moderately correlated (r = 0.553, p < 0.001), and the differences between their ipsilateral and contralateral sides were weakly correlated (r = 0.276, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Our results indicate the potential of ATB as an indicator of OEF.journal articl
Association between long Internet use during pregnancy and low birth weight: a retrospective cohort study
No full text低出生体重児は、発達の遅れや将来の生活習慣病のリスクとなるため、その増加が顕著な日本の健康課題として世界からも注目されている。本研究は、その発生に母親のインターネットの長時間（5時間以上）の利用が関連している可能性を示唆した。Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is an important public health issue that affects development and health over a long period. However, there has been no sufficient decrease in the prevalence of LBW, and it is important to identify preventable factors for LBW which remain to be clarified. The purpose of this study was to clarify the association between Internet use for many hours during pregnancy and LBW.Methods: The subjects were mothers who had submitted the pregnancy notification form in Matsue City between April 2016 and September 2017 and their children. The data provided by Matsue City authorities consisted of 2,465 records. We analyzed 2,089 records, excluding untraceable records, those with insufficient information, those on multiple pregnancy, and those on pregnant smokers. Logistic regression analysis was performed using LBW as a dependent variable, Internet use for many hours during pregnancy as an independent variable, and the child’s sex, mother’s age at the time of pregnancy, unmarried status on pregnancy, first childbirth, mother’s job during pregnancy, and weeks of pregnancy on the notification as covariates.Results: The results of analysis showed that Internet use for many hours during pregnancy accounted for 4.4%, and that LBW accounted for 7.2%. Internet use for many hours during pregnancy was associated with LBW (adjusted odds ratio = 2.16 (95%CI: 1.13-4.13)).Conclusions: This study suggested that there is an association between Internet use for many hours during pregnancy and LBW. It is necessary to provide appropriate support to pregnant women who use the Internet for many hours during pregnancy after confirming the presence or absence of risk factors for LBW.journal articl
Deformation under flow and morphological recovery of cancer cells
No full textがん転移過程で重要な、がん細胞の変形と回復を1細胞ずつ計測するパチンコデバイス（Pachinko Device）と呼ぶ新たな技術を開発した。毛細血管の狭窄構造を半導体微細加工技術で再現し、循環過程のがん細胞の様々な物理的な特性を得ることが可能となった。The metastatic cascade includes a blood circulation step for cells detached from the primary tumor. This stage involves significant shear stress as well as large and fast deformation as the cells circulate through the microvasculature. These mechanical stimuli are well reproduced in microfluidic devices. However, the recovery dynamics after deformation is also pivotal to understand how a cell can pass through the multiple capillary constrictions encountered during a single hemodynamic cycle. The microfluidic system developed in this work allows single cell recovery to be studied under flow-free conditions following pressure-actuated cell deformation inside constricted microchannels. We used three breast cancer cell lines – namely MCF-7, SK-BR3 and MDA-MB231 – as cellular models representative of different cancer phenotypes. Changing the size of the constriction allows exploration of moderate to strong deformation regimes, the latter being associated with the formation of plasma membrane blebs. In the regime of moderate deformation, all cell types display a fast elastic recovery behavior followed by a slower viscoelastic regime, well described by a double exponential decay. Among the three cell types, cells of the mesenchymal phenotype, i.e. the MDA-MB231 cells, are softer and the most fluid-like, in agreement with previous studies. Our main finding here is that the fast elastic recovery regime revealed by our novel microfluidic system is under the control of cell contractility ensured by the integrity of the cell cortex. Our results suggest that the cell cortex plays a major role in the transit of circulating tumor cells by allowing their fast morphological recovery after deformation in blood capillaries.journal articl
