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Semi-synthesis and biological activities of heterocyclic compounds containing camphor
No full textBreast cancer and lung cancer are two of the most prevalent and deadly malignancies worldwide. Both cancers present significant challenges in terms of effective treatment and management, highlighting the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies that can improve patient outcomes. This study focuses on the synthesis of novel heterocyclic compounds derived from the naturally formed camphor, aimed at evaluating their cytotoxicity. The research addresses the need for effective cancer treatments by presenting compounds that demonstrate significant inhibitory effects against MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells. Among these, compound 20 exhibited remarkable potency, with an IC50 value of 0.78 μM, surpassing the efficacy of standard chemotherapeutics, dasatinib (IC50 = 7.99 μM) and doxorubicin (IC50 = 3.10 μM). In the context of A549 lung cancer cells, compound 20 also showed strong inhibitory activity (IC50 = 1.69 μM), again outperforming dasatinib (IC50 = 11.8 μM) and doxorubicin (IC50 = 2.43 μM). To further elucidate the biological activities of these compounds, molecular docking studies were performed, revealing that compound 20 exhibited the highest binding energy among the tested compounds, supporting the experimental findings. These results indicate that the synthesized camphor-derived heterocycles, particularly compound 20, have significant potential as potent anticancer agents against breast and lung cancer cell lines
Drivers of success when scaling innovations: insights from European agricultural and forestry co-innovation processes
No full textAbstract
Agriculture and forestry are facing numerous challenges, driven by a complex set of social, economic, and ecological factors. Innovation is a key to devising viable, resilient, and sustainable solutions to these challenges, but for innovations to have impact, they need to be “scaled.” The current policy context, in the European Union (EU) and elsewhere, encourages the use of the “interactive” model of innovation through the so-called “multi-actor” approach. In this study, we explore the dynamics of scaling in agricultural and forestry co-innovation partnerships. We ask whether such partnerships can be effective instruments to scale innovations and what factors play a role in the scaling process. Thus, the novelty of our paper is that it is the first published study of the dynamics of scaling within the current EU policy framework. Our analysis draws upon evidence from eight co-innovation case studies across Europe, encompassing varied contexts, scales, and funding mechanisms, and identifies three distinct forms of scaling: scaling out, up, and deep. The selection by co-innovation partnerships of strategies and enabling mechanisms in pursuit of scaling is dependent on factors such as funding conditions, contextual norms, and partnership objectives. Partnerships need to be clear about the type of scaling they aim to achieve, have an in-depth understanding of contextual complexities, and ensure that scaling is an integral part of the entire project cycle. Co-innovation partnerships can be effective catalysts for transformative change, provided scaling complexities are navigated, and enabling mechanisms leveraged adeptly. Our insights advance the understanding of scaling dynamics in co-innovation and offer evidence-based strategies for practitioners, policymakers, and researchers to bolster the impact of co-innovation initiatives in agriculture and forestry
Toward understanding the scaling out of sustainable land use systems in Colombia: integrating case study insights and national pathways design for cacao farming
No full textAbstract
The unplanned expansion of conventional agriculture resulted in biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation. Agroforestry systems (AFS) have emerged as a promising alternative to promote sustainable land use systems (SLUS) in tropical regions. This study explores the potential for scaling out SLUS from localized interventions to broader landscape-level applications in Colombian cacao agroforestry systems (CAFS). We employ a multi-level framework, integrating qualitative and quantitative data from primary and secondary sources. We apply text mining, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis. First, we identify the interconnections among agro-ecological, biophysical, economic, social, institutional, and political factors influencing the scaling out of SLUS in cacao farming in two municipalities located in conflict-affected Colombian departments. Secondly, we conduct a national quantitative exploratory analysis, grouping similar departments based on socioeconomic and biophysical data from official sources. This analysis provides the foundation for the design of regional typologies and an adaptive pathway for the scaling out of SLUS in cacao farming. This pathway encompasses five distinct departmental groups. Our findings highlight the need for a landscape-based approach that is sensitive to regional socio-cultural and institutional nuances. The analysis reveals that key variables, including land availability for agricultural use, water use risk level, deforestation, social conflict, land tenure informality, and agricultural productivity, influence the successful scaling out process across diverse regions. This study advocates for a collaborative approach that links scientific insights with practical initiatives co-created at the regional level, thereby empowering communities to design pathways for scaling out SLUS across Colombia
Exploring farmer-driven approaches for sustainable cocoa livelihoods in Côte d’Ivoire
No full textAbstract
The Ivorian cocoa sector faces numerous socio-economic and environmental challenges, including widespread poverty among smallholder farmers. Over decades, multiple approaches have been adopted to address these challenges, often top-down and outcome-based in their design. This study applied a Positive Deviance (PD) approach to explore strategies employed by innovative Ivorian cocoa farming households to identify and learn from locally developed solutions. Analysing data from 303 Ivorian cocoa households, 16 PD households were selected for follow-up in-depth interviews. Key strategies identified among these households included income diversification, the use of organic fertilizers like compost and animal manure, and maintaining diversified plantations and dry-season crops to enhance household resilience. While these practices are not entirely new to the Ivorian context, their strategic combination and anticipation of specific challenges appears to be key to their success. However, their adoption was often depending on the households’ access to resources, such as land and labour, limiting their generalizability across all smallholder farmers. The study therefore highlights the need for context-specific approaches to support smallholder farmers and argues for tailored and locally grounded development interventions. Given the critical role that cooperatives play in facilitating access to inputs, knowledge, and credit, they should be strengthened, particularly in their capacity to reach underserved groups. While these exploratory findings offer valuable insights into local innovations and trade-offs within the cocoa sector, future research should incorporate more quantitative data on household income streams to better understand the broader applicability and trade-offs of these strategies
Communicative interventions in, within, and through journalism: a concept for analysing journalism-related transformation processes
No full textZusammenfassung
Obwohl dem Journalismus seit Jahren eine Legitimitätskrise attestiert wird, zeigt sich seine anhaltende Relevanz unter anderem darin, dass er auch in modernen Medienumgebungen Adressat und Absender von absichtsvollem und interessengeleitetem Handeln ist. In diesem Beitrag argumentieren wir, dass solches Handeln die Transformation von Journalismus antreibt. Aus diesem Grund kann die Identifikation dieses Handelns sowie der dahinterliegenden Antizipationen und Intentionen einen wichtigen Beitrag dazu leisten, die aktuelle (und zukünftige) Gestalt von Journalismus sowie seine gesellschaftliche Rolle zu erklären. Wir schlagen in diesem Beitrag mit den kommunikativen Interventionen ein Konzept vor, das es erlaubt, den analytischen Blick der empirischen Journalismusforschung auf die Komplexitäten des Wandels zu schärfen. Wir konzipieren kommunikative Interventionen als auf Kommunikation beruhende, performativ sichtbare Handlungen, die von Akteur*innen in spezifischen Interventionskontexten und mit antizipierten Interventionszusammenhängen intentional angewendet werden. Mit Bezug auf Journalismus lassen sich drei Interventionsrichtungen (in, im und durch) unterscheiden. Das heuristische Potenzial des vorgeschlagenen Konzepts zeigen wir exemplarisch anhand von ausgewählten Interventionen in (Künstliche Intelligenz), im (Diversitätsinitiativen) und durch (interpretativer Klimajournalismus) Journalismus.Abstract
In view of the dynamic developments in digital and fragmented media societies, journalism research is faced with the challenge of capturing the forms of current and future journalism, both theoretically and empirically. While some progress has been made in empirical research, there is still a lack of holistic perspectives on transformation processes in (digital) journalism. To better understand the complex relationship between actors, content, and structures, we argue that it is necessary to explore the analytical potential of interdisciplinary concepts from outside the field of journalism studies. In this sense, based on a sociologically inspired concept of interventions, this article argues for communicative interventions as a powerful heuristic for examining the causes, forms, and consequences of journalism-related transformation processes. We propose a concept of communicative interventions that sharpens the analytical focus of empirical journalism research on the complexities of transformation and change. We conceptualise communicative interventions as communication-based, performatively visible actions that are intentionally used by actors within specific intervention contexts and with anticipated intervention relations. With regard to journalism, three directions of intervention (in, within, and through) can be distinguished. Widespread assumptions about the social relevance of journalism make it both an addressee and a sender of intentional, interest-driven action, which in turn—as we argue in this article—is a key driver of its transformation. Our aim is to contribute to the theoretical foundation for understanding journalism in transition. The starting point of our considerations is that there is currently a lack of explanation for why journalism, including its role, practices, and structures in society, is constantly changing. In order to explain the long-term causes of change, we argue that a logic of consequences is needed: one that is argumentative and offers as much predictive power as possible to anticipate future developments. We explore journalism-related actions as a driver of both journalistic and broader social change. With communicative interventions, we propose a concept that allows empirical journalism researchers to sharpen their analytical focus on the complexity of change. As a theoretical concept, communicative interventions serve as a heuristic for a theory-based empirical analysis of intentional transformation processes in journalism. We are aware that various facets of journalism-related change processes have already been labelled as intervention. Therefore, we are not entering a completely new territory. However, a glance at the use of the term also shows that it has not been sufficiently and theoretically explored. In this article, we aim to exploit this yet untouched theoretical potential and make it fruitful for journalism analysis. To this end, we have systematised various facets of the term and developed them further for journalism research. We understand interventions as communication-based, performatively visible actions that are applied by actors within specific intervention contexts guided by anticipated intervention contexts. These actors associate their interventions with concrete assumptions about their effects and apply certain measures to a situation they themselves define. Three perspectives of intervention can be found in journalism: intervention in, within, and through journalism. Even though these different directions of intervention are closely related—hinder, condition, and/or reinforce each other—it is both legitimate and analytically necessary to treat them separately for a detailed analysis. We do so by using three exemplary contexts of interventions (AI, diversity, interpretive climate journalism) to demonstrate how the concept sharpens our analytical view of transformations in journalism. In general, the notion of communicative interventions is open to different methodological approaches. However, survey-based studies, especially qualitative interviews or ethnographic newsroom observations, seem particularly appropriate, as they allow to explore the complex covert of motives, measures, anticipated situations, and intended effects. We introduce communicative interventions as a purely analytical concept. We are aware that this is not without difficulty, as the term certainly has normative connotations in everyday understanding. Interventions are based on a hierarchical relationship in which the more powerful—legitimately or illegitimately, beneficially or detrimentally, depending on the context—intervene in the sphere of their inferiors in order to change it. However, an analytical concept of intervention in our sense has neither positive nor negative connotations. Communicative interventions happen. They are not per se good or bad for journalism, nor are they per se functional or dysfunctional in terms of its social services. Overall, we see our concept as a template with the potential to make certain causes and consequences of journalistic change visible. However, it only makes these things visible by concealing other aspects. A limitation of the concept is the identification of the initiating actors and the starting points of interventions. This is by no means trivial. To solve this problem, we suggest that observers must first decide which action or measure they understand as an intervention. Only then it is possible to identify the participants and the beginning of the process. Future empirical studies will prove whether the concept is more powerful than previous ones in recognising, explaining, and predicting changes in journalism’s practices, structures, and roles in modern societies
Outreach und Governance an der HNEE
No full textFür die Institutionalisierung des Forschungsdatenmanagements (FDM) an einer Einrichtung sind Maßnahmen auf verschiedenen Ebenen zu treffen, um FAIRes Datenmanagement zu etablieren. Eine Ebene ist die Sensibilisierung notwendiger Stakeholdergruppen für das FDM. Das Poster zeigt beispielhaft wie an der Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde (HNEE) die Stakeholdergruppen Forschende, Gremienangehörige und Hochschulleitung mit verschiedenen Outreach-Maßnahmen adressiert wurden. Einerseits mit dem Ziel hinlänglich des FDMs zu sensibilisieren, aber auch die Notwendigkeit einer Verstetigung aufzuzeigen. Ein wichtiges und nachhaltiges Instrument zu Sensibilisierung stellt die Entwicklung einer institutionellen Forschungsdatenstategie samt Governance dar [1][2], sowie die Gründung einer internen Arbeitsgruppe zum FDM. Über diese wurde in erster Instanz die Strategie entwickelt und zum FDM sensibilisiert, woraufhin eine nachhaltige kollaborative Zusammenarbeit folgte. Zuletzt werden die in Zusammenarbeit mit der Landesinitiative FDM-BB [3] entwickelten und zukünftig genutzten Dienstleistungen aufgezeigt.
Dieses Poster wurde im Rahmen der VW-Themenwoche "Digitale Kompetenzen in der Wissenschaft" im Workshop "FDM mit geringen Ressourcen. Kompetenzaufbau durch Vernetzung von Hochschulen für angewandte Wissenschaften" am 02. Dezember 2024 vorgestellt.
[1] Wolff, I., & Spiecker, C. (2024). Die Entwicklung einer Forschungsdatenstrategie für eine kleine Hochschule im Verbund FDM-BB am Beispiel der HNEE. RDA Deutschland Tagung 2024, Potsdam. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10692747
[2] Wolff, I., & Spiecker, C. (2024). Entwicklung einer Strategie und Governance für Forschungsdaten: Data Stewardship an der Eberswalder Hochschule und im brandenburgischen Verbund. Bausteine Forschungsdatenmanagement, (2), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.17192/bfdm.2024.2.8702
[3] https://fdm-bb.de
Methode und Metadaten zur bürgerwissenschaftlichen Studie „Logbuch der Veränderungen“. Aktualisierte Version (Erhebungsstand Juni 2024)
No full textDieses Arbeitspapier beschreibt und kontextualisiert die in der qualitativen Tagebuchstudie des bürgerwissenschaftlichen Projekts „Logbuch der Veränderungen“ erhobenen Forschungsdaten für eine Nachnutzung. Mit dem „Logbuch der Veränderungen“ (LdV) konnten qualitative empirische Daten in der historisch besonderen Situation der globalen Corona-Krise zu weitreichenden gesell-schaftlichen Veränderungen in Deutschland (im deutschsprachigen Raum) in insgesamt elf Erhe-bungsphasen im Zeitraum vom 26.03.2020 bis 04.06.2023 erhoben werden. Aufgrund der anhalten-den Beteiligung am Logbuch und in Anpassung an den Pandemieverlauf wurde die Datenerhebung über das erste Pandemiejahr (Erhebungsphasen I-III) hinaus immer wieder verlängert: Dezember 2020 (Zweiter Lockdown, Phase IV), über den Beginn der Impfkampagne (Phase V) bis hin zur Locke-rung der Bundesnotbremse (Lockerungen, Phase VI). Eine siebte Erhebungsphase wurde zum Juli 2021 eröffnet, woran sich die Phase der achten Welle mit der Delta Variante bis zum 22.12.2021 an-schloss. Die neunte Phase läuft bis Ende des zweiten Pandemiejahrs bis zum 28.03.2022, die zehnte Phase – von der Pandemie zur Endemie - bis 04.10.2022 und die elfte Phase – Beginn der Polykrise – bis zum 04.06.2023.
Bürger*innen trugen ihre Beobachtungen, Wahrnehmungen und z. T. auch Bewertungen von Ver-änderungen im Logbuch online ein unter www.logbuch-der-veraenderungen.org. Damit konnten vielschichtige, qualitativ hochwertige Daten erhoben werden, die die Phase des weitreichenden Wandels betrifft und die in dieser Form ex post nicht mehr erhoben werden können. Aufgrund der hohen Anzahl der Einträge, des hohen Grades an selbstbestimmter Auswahl der Themen und For-men der Beobachtung sind diese Daten von hoher Aussagekraft, weil sie ein differenziertes Bild einer ungeplanten, unstrukturierten und sehr komplexen gesellschaftlichen Situation geben (als eine von vielen verschiedenen Perspektiven auf die Corona-Pandemie). Die Logbuchdaten erlauben nicht nur die akute neue Veränderung im ersten Lockdown und danach (Jahr 2020, Erhebungspha-sen 1 - 3), sondern auch den Umgang mit kontinuierlichem Anpassungsbedarf im Alltag (Jahr 2021, Erhebungsphasen 4 - 8) nachzuvollziehen
Modeling the impact of climate change on maize (Zea mays L.) production at the county scale in Kenya
No full textAbstract
Global climate change is projected to disproportionately impact cereal crop yields in developing regions, such as Kenya, due to increased vulnerability and limited adaptation capacity of the population. This study examines the current and projected influence of climate change on maize yields in two major maize-producing counties of Kenya. Utilizing the calibrated and evaluated DSSAT-CERES-Maize model (where DSSAT is Decision Support Systems for Agrotechnology Transfer and CERES stands for Crop and Environment REsource Synthesis) for the H614 maize cultivar, we investigated the projected impact of climate change on maize production with reference to a baseline period (1984–2013). Simulations were conducted for the mid-century period (2041–2070) and end-of-century period (2071–2100) using projected climate data from regional climate models (RCMs) under two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs; 4.5 and 8.5) scenarios. Our findings indicate a substantial decline in maize yields, ranging from 7 to 20% for the mid-century period and between 22 and 41% for the end-of-century period, with increased temperature during critical growth phases identified as the primary driver. Spatial clustering and hotspot analysis reveal differential climate impacts across the region. In the end-of-century period, both scenarios revealed that the counties will be marked by hotspots and adaptation spots, areas where climate change adaptation should be intensified. The study underscores the urgency for tailored, location-specific adaptation measures such as maize-legume intercropping, drought-resistant crops, soil water conservation and optimum sowing to mitigate future yield losses and adapt maize production to climate change
IN-FDM-BB Werkstattbericht: W 1.3.2 Evaluation der FDM-Strategie
No full textIm vom BMFTR und dem MWFK von 2022-2025 geförderten Projekt IN-FDM-BB arbeiten acht brandenburgische Hochschulen mit den assoziierten außeruniversitären Forschungseinrichtungen im Rahmen der Landesinitiative FDM-BB am Aufbau eines nachhaltigen Forschungsdatenmanagements sowohl lokal, als auch im landesweiten Verbund. Im Projektplan war vorgesehen, dass alle beteiligten Hochschulen in der Projektlaufzeit eine Forschungsdatenstrategie für ihre jeweilige Hochschule erstellen, bzw. im Falle der UP die bereits vorhandene aktualisieren und diese anschließend evaluieren sollten. Der Projektplan basiert auf und orientiert sich an der Forschungsdatenstrategie für das Land Brandenburg und den darin vorgesehenen drei Handlungsfeldern:
Lokaler Kompetenzaufbau
Landesweite FDM-Dienstleistungen und IT-Dienste
Vernetzung und Transfer
Für die Erstellung der Forschungsdatenstrategien wurde das bereits von der UP für ihren Prozess genutzte RISE-DE Referenzmodell verwendet.
Im Laufe der Erstellung zeigte sich, dass sich das Ziel innerhalb der Projektlaufzeit eine befristete Forschungsdatenstrategie zu erstellen, diese zu evaluieren und dann eine längerfristige Strategie zu erstellen, sehr, wenn nicht zu ambitioniert war. Daher entschied sich die Mehrheit der Hochschulen dafür, für den Gang durch die Hochschulgremien direkt die längerfristige Forschungsdatenstrategie einzubringen. Gemeinsam einigten sich die Hochschulen darauf für diese eine Laufzeit bis und als Termin für eine Überprüfung 2029/30 festzulegen, orientiert an der Laufzeit des Positionspapiers der Brandenburgischen Landeskonferenz der Hochschulpräsidentinnen und -präsidenten (BLHP) vom Dezember 2023: Kooperation der Brandenburgischen Hochschulen bei der Digitalisierung stärken. Strategische Eckpunkte 2025-2029
