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Die Nutzung von KI durch generations- und geschlechtsgemischte Teams im Kontext sexueller Diskriminierung: Ergebnisse und Impulse aus einem Diversityworkshop an einer schwäbischen Hochschule
Get PDFDer Beitrag präsentiert empirische Erkenntnisse zur Nutzung von Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) am Beispiel von ChatGPT (Version 3.5) durch generations- und geschlechtsgemischte Teams im Kontext sexueller Diskriminierung. Im Zentrum steht die folgende Frage: Wie beeinflusst die Nutzung von ChatGPT im Kontext sexueller Diskriminierung die Benutzer/innenerfahrung dieses KI-Tools in generations- und geschlechtsgemischten Teams
Modeling ferroptosis in human dopaminergic neurons: Pitfalls and opportunities for neurodegeneration research
Get PDFThe activation of ferroptosis is being pursued in cancer research as a strategy to target apoptosis-resistant cells. By contrast, in various diseases that affect the cardiovascular system, kidneys, liver, and central and peripheral nervous systems, attention is directed toward interventions that prevent ferroptotic cell death. Mechanistic insights into both research areas stem largely from studies using cellular in vitro models. However, intervention strategies that show promise in cellular test systems often fail in clinical trials, which raises concerns regarding the predictive validity of the utilized in vitro models. In this study, the human LUHMES cell line, which serves as a model for human dopaminergic neurons, was used to characterize factors influencing the activation of ferroptosis. Erastin and RSL-3 induced cell death that was distinct from apoptosis. Parameters such as the differentiation state of LUHMES cells, cell density, and the number and timing of medium changes were identified as determinants of sensitivity to ferroptosis activation. In differentiated LUHMES cells, interventions at mechanistically divergent sites (iron chelation, coenzyme Q10, peroxidase mimics, or inhibition of 12/15-lipoxygenase) provide almost complete protection from ferroptosis. LUHMES cells allowed the experimental modulation of intracellular iron concentrations and demonstrated a correlation between intracellular iron levels, the rate of lipid peroxidation, as well as the sensitivity of the cells to ferroptotic cell death. These findings underscore the importance of understanding the various factors that influence ferroptosis activation and highlight the need for well-characterized in vitro models to enhance the reliability and predictive value of observations in ferroptosis research, particularly when translating findings into in vivo contexts
Method for producing RNA
No full textThe present invention relates to a method for producing RNA. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for producing RNA, which is scalable and provides RNA at a high purity. The present invention provides a method for producing RNA under GMP and/or cGMP - compliant conditions. The invention further provides specific processes for use as a quality control in the manufacturing of a template DNA and/or in a method for producing RNA, in particular by in vitro transcription
Awareness jenseits der End-User-Perspektive verstehen und fördern - Tabletop Exercises als effektives Tool
No full textExtended Reality Methods for Transdisciplinary Asynchronous Engineering
Get PDFIn the evolving landscape of engineering collaboration, Extended Reality (XR) demonstrates transformative potential for transdisciplinary work. XR approaches are promising in enhancing flexibility and efficiency in diverse, global work settings by facilitating remote and asynchronous collaboration. This paper introduces XR methods designed to address challenges such as communication gaps and project misalignment in asynchronous collaboration. Building upon our previous work, which introduced Avatar Replay for non-present users, this paper presents an extension that enables interaction with these users through their avatars. This development promotes a more dynamic and responsive approach to asynchronous collaboration. Additionally, the paper shares insights from a test scenario using a Head-Mounted Display (HMD) with an improved prototype in a transdisciplinary guidance scenario. The findings of this research highlight the significant potential of XR in enhancing collaboration and understanding across disciplines, particularly in asynchronous collaboration between experts and non- experts in the engineering domain. This enhanced interaction across realities not only promises increased societal acceptance of immersive technologies but also signifies a transformative shift in the way we work together, seamlessly blending virtual and real-life interactions
Private and well drinking water are reservoirs for antimicrobial resistant bacteria
Get PDFWater quality testing does not recognise antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and is often limited to indicators of faecal contamination Escherichia coli and Enterococcus species. In Europe, data on AMR in drinking water is scarce. In Ireland, as in many countries, household drinking water is supplied via mains or via private wells or water schemes. Using citizen science, we identified Irish private drinking water supplies as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistant bacteria (ARB). Gram-negative (n = 464) and Gram-positive (n = 72) bacteria were isolated. We identified instances of potentially opportunistic ARB such as Enterobacter cloacae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterococcus species. We report reservoirs of multidrug resistance in Enterococcus casseliflavus, E. cloacae, E. coli, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Serratia rubidaea. We also identified linezolid-resistant Enterococcus in Irish drinking water. Linezolid is a last-resort antibiotic used to treat vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus sp. Additionally, we identified mobile AMR in three water samples, two of which were carried on IncF group, one on IncQ and five on Col-like plasmids. Our work suggests that private drinking water is a potential sink and source of AMR pathogens. This highlights a value of drinking water surveillance in a One Health framework as the surveillance would provide information regarding the movement and persistence of ARB and ARGs that are able to survive in drinking water and subsequently have the opportunity to be mobilised through humans; linking the environment to the human and potentially threatening human health
Regulatory Considerations for Producing mRNA Vaccines for Clinical Trials
No full textThe approval of clinical trials by the competent authorities requires comprehensive quality documentation on the new drug to be used on the clinical trial participant. In the EU, quality data is summarized as investigational medicinal product dossier (IMPD), in the United States, as investigational new drug (IND) application. For that, several preconditions concerning production, quality control, and assurance have to be fulfilled. Here, specific requirements related to mRNA vaccines are addressed on the basis of European standards
Chitosan-based films with nanocellulose and propolis as active packaging materials
Get PDFThe increasing interest in sustainable materials has led to a growing exploration of natural biopolymers as matrices for these materials. Chitosan, valued for its biocompatibility and biodegradability, is a valuable raw material for eco-friendly products. This study assessed the impact of incorporating cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and propolis extract (EEP) on the mechanical, physical, structural, gas barrier, and antimicrobial properties of chitosan-based films, especially within the scope of their prospective use in the packaging industry. The addition of cellulose nanofibrils and propolis extract to the chitosan matrix did not affect the tensile strength and elongation at break of the obtained films compared with the pure chitosan film. The addition of CNF and EEP to chitosan had effect on barrier properties (water vapor transmission rate, carbon dioxide transmission rate and
oxygen transmission rate) of films. The inclusion of propolis extract to chitosan-nanocellulose film caused the antibacterial activity (against Bacillus subtilis and Listeria monocytogenes) of the produced films and lack of activity against probiotic bacterial strains (Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum). The findings provide valuable insights into the development of sustainable and antimicrobial materials intended for packaging food, addressing environmental concerns