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A Comprehensive Review of Hybrid Battery State of Charge Estimation: Exploring Physics-Aware AI-Based Approaches
No full textAccurate State of Charge (SOC) estimation in lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) poses significant challenges due to their nonlinear behavior over their lifetime. Establishing a balance between accuracy, robustness, and low implementation complexity remains critical. Over the past decade, numerous studies have aimed to analyze and compare various SOC estimation methods for commercial LiBs. However, there has been a lack of reviews focusing on SOC estimation from a physics-aware AI-based perspective for LiBs. This paper aims to bridge this gap by evaluating various SOC estimation methods, particularly highlighting hybrid approaches that integrate model-based (MB) and artificial intelligence-based (AIB) strategies. These hybrid methods are categorized into Physics-Aware AI-based (PAAIB) methods and AI-enhanced physical models. The research method involves a comprehensive review of existing literature, discussing the fundamental principles of MB and AIB methods and analyzing their strengths and limitations in capturing the complex dynamics of battery behavior. The paper then explores hybrid SOC estimation techniques in depth, examining each category based on various performance metrics. The paper's main contents include a detailed analysis of hybrid SOC estimation techniques, a comparative review of recent studies, and strategic recommendations for future research. The effects of this research highlight the importance of adopting hybrid SOC estimation methods to improve SOC estimation accuracy and robustness in practical applications. The paper concludes with a summary of key findings, emphasizing the necessity of adopting hybrid approaches for improved SOC estimation in LiBs and their critical role in enhancing the reliability and functionality of battery management systems in electric vehicles.</p
Sex-related Differences in Long-Term Quality of Life After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest:A Nationwide Cross-sectional Survey Study
No full textAims Sex differences in survival and short-term outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) are well documented, but its impact on long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is unclear. Methods and results This cross-sectional survey study used the EuroQol Health Questionnaire (EQ-5D), the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) to assess HRQoL among adult OHCA survivors in Denmark between 2001 and 2019 who were alive as of 1 October 2020. Survivors were grouped by time since cardiac arrest: 0-4, >4-8, >8-12, and >12 years post-arrest. Among 2552 respondents (56.1% response rate), 2075 were men (81.3%) and 477 were women (18.7%). The mean survey age was 60.2 years (SD 14.7) for women and 66.0 years (SD 11.8) for men. EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale and EuroQol Health Questionnaire index scores were both lower for women than for men [69 vs. 75 and 0.76 (SD 0.21) vs. 0.84 (SD 0.17), respectively; P < 0.001]. The SF-12 physical and mental health scores were also lower for women [40.3 (SD 12.9) and 50.9 (SD 8.8)] compared with men [44.0 (SD 12.1) and 53.3 (SD 8.1); P < 0.001]. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores for anxiety (5.4 vs. 3.5; P < 0.001) and for depression (4.0 vs. 3.2; P < 0.001) were higher among women. In multivariable logistic regression, female sex remained significantly associated with poorer long-term HRQoL outcomes. Trends remained consistent regardless of time since cardiac arrest. Conclusion Female OHCA survivors reported less favourable long-term HRQoL outcomes compared with male survivors, irrespective of time elapsed since cardiac arrest.</p
Almene fællesskabers betydning for mennesket
No full textFællesskaber er med til at udviske forskelle. Det handler ikke om, hvem vi er, men hvad vi er sammen om. Almene fællesskaberspiller en vigtig rolle som katalysator for at nedbryde fordomme, men også for at sikre deltagelse for alle. Mange børn, unge ogvoksne med handicap, eller som på anden måde lever i udsathed, står ofte uden for det organiserede fritids- og foreningsliv. Dettetemanummer centrerer sig om fællesskabers betydning på udsatte- og handicapområdet. Gennem ti artikler belyses fællesskabernesmange nuancer inden for dette område
Identifying and Visualizing Key Scenarios in a Serverless Edge-Node System
No full textThis paper addresses the challenges of monitoring and visualizing cognitive cloud continuum environments by making use of serverless edge nodes. The distributed nature of such nodes has the potential of granting quick and lightweight monitoring capabilities, once relevant challenges are solved, such as consistent monitoring and logging. We focus on recognizing and visualizing a set of key scenarios over serverless edge devices on a cluster. Our solution leverages system logs and metrics collected on the cluster, which are aggregated, analyzed and visualized on a smart dashboard in real-time to produce a comprehensive view of the system’s behavior. The approached is experimented with on a serverless edge-node system integrated in Kubernetes, paired with Loki and Prometheus for log and metrics collection and aggregation, and Grafana for visualization. Our implementation demonstrates the system’s ability to recognize key scenarios such as normal state, overload state, error handling, and load balancing, thereby enhancing the ability of system administrators and developers to oversee and optimize the performance of serverless edge environments. The insights provided by our research will support the development of more robust, efficient, and adaptive monitoring solutions, ultimately raising awareness of the potential of the Cognitive Cloud Continuum. Index Terms— Edge Computing, Serverless Computing, Kubernetes, Dashboard, Workloads
Digital Visits at Intensive Care Units Post-COVID-19:A Mixed-Methods Implementation Evaluation Study
No full textDue to visiting restrictions at intensive care units during the COVID-19 pandemic, a digital video technology was developed and implemented. This study evaluated the use of digital visits at four intensive care units after COVID-19. Nurses' use of the technology and managerial perspectives on implementation were examined in an explanatory sequential mixed-methods study. Data were explored by inferential statistics (quantitative data) and content analysis (qualitative data). Results revealed that 52.9% of nurses had not used digital visits. Users indicated that the technology supported the patient-relative-nurse relationship, but needs reimplementation, aligning it with the post-COVID-19 setting.</p
Civil War Monuments: The Prelude to A Future Reckoning
No full textThe Romans were not afraid of talking about civil war and regularly did so, even if they did not always spell it out in explicit terms. Civil war had a great impact upon society and involved numerous levels of justification—chiefly, in the case of Rome, through the erection of victory monuments as conspicuous civil war markers in the city of Rome itself. Erected by the victor, these often displayed a positive and sanitised version of civil war which highlighted not the horrors of war but rather its successful termination, so creating a positive exemplum out of the conflict. Nevertheless, regardless of these efforts to sanitise the language and memory of a civil war, its story could not be retold without people remembering its terrors. Such monuments served to keep the memory of civil war alive and testify to the long-term impact of conflict. In addition, the long list of civil war monuments that we know of testifies to an ongoing debate about warfare at Rome. Unlike our modern counterparts—for example scholars of the American Civil War, who have no need to repeatedly reconstruct the context of their civil war monuments—we as ancient historians need to establish the civil war context of these ancient memorials first and foremost