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Self-efficacy and motivation towards inclusion as pillars of inclusive teaching identity: A theoretical essay
Get PDFEn el contexto educativo internacional actual, el desarrollo de una identidad docente con enfoque inclusivo es fundamental. Sin embargo, persisten dificultades en la preparación docente para responder a la diversidad. Este ensayo tiene como objetivo discutir la relevancia de la autoeficacia y motivación hacia la inclusión en la construcción de una identidad docente inclusiva. A través de un análisis teórico de diversos estudios, se argumenta que estos constructos no solo influyen en cómo los docentes abordan la diversidad en sus aulas, sino también en cómo definen su rol como agentes de cambio. Investigaciones revelan que el profesorado con alta autoeficacia y motivación hacia la inclusión está mejor preparado para implementar prácticas inclusivas, y que la formación especializada en inclusión refuerza estos componentes. En conclusión, la autoeficacia y motivación hacia la inclusión son elementos esenciales para construir una identidad docente inclusiva, por lo que es fundamental su promoción en la formación del profesorado
Bilateral strength balance of knee extensor and flexor muscles in female soccer players
Get PDFBackground: The aim of our study was analyze the bilateral strength balance of the knee extensor and flexor muscles in female soccer players.
Methodology: Participated in this study twenty-three professional female soccer players. The volunteer participants of the study were eligibly if: (a) signing of informed consent, (b) 5 years of sporting experience as a soccer player and have experience with training and evaluation of muscle strength in the lower limb, (c) participate in five weekly training sessions (d) no musculoskeletal pathology in the lower limbs 6 months prior to the evaluation date. The assessment was performed unilaterally, with peak muscle strength values recorded using the FEMD device software at a constant velocity of 0.4 m s-1. The range of motion (ROM) was 90°–0° of joint extension in the sitting position and 150°–90° of flexion in the prone position. Each participant was required to perform their maximum effort for all repetitions.
Results: Bilateral strength balance measurements were obtained in the range of 10.68%–13.80% for maximum muscle strength in knee extension and 13.27%–15.21%. No significant differences (p > 0.05) were found in the comparison of independent means for maximum muscle strength between the knee extension and flexion in the concentric and eccentric phases. Significant differences (p < 0.01) and small ES (ES < 3.32) were found in peak muscle strength measurements of the dominant and non-dominant lower extremity in the unilateral comparison of the extensor muscle and the flexor muscle group in the concentric and eccentric phase.
Conclusion: In the analysis of bilateral strength balance, lower indices are presented in the knee extensor compared to the flexor, these bilateral indices would reveal intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in the hamstring muscles and anterior cruciate ligament of professional soccer players
Modern Smart Gadgets and Wearables for Diagnosis and Management of Stress, Wellness, and Anxiety: A Comprehensive Review
Get PDFThe increasing development of gadgets to evaluate stress, wellness, and anxiety has garnered significant attention in recent years. These technological advancements aim to expedite the identification and subsequent treatment of these prevalent conditions. This study endeavors to critically examine the latest smart gadgets and portable techniques utilized for diagnosing depression, stress, and emotional trauma while also exploring the underlying biochemical processes associated with their identification. Integrating various detectors within smartphones and smart bands enables continuous monitoring and recording of user activities. Given their widespread use, smartphones, smartwatches, and smart wristbands have become indispensable in our daily lives, prompting the exploration of their potential in stress detection and prevention. When individuals experience stress, their nervous system responds by releasing stress hormones, which can be easily identified and quantified by smartphones and smart bands. The study in this paper focused on the examination of anxiety and stress and consistently employed “heart rate variability” (HRV) characteristics for diagnostic purposes, with superior outcomes observed when HRV was combined with “electroencephalogram” (EEG) analysis. Recent research indicates that electrodermal activity (EDA) demonstrates remarkable precision in identifying anxiety. Comparisons with HRV, EDA, and breathing rate reveal that the mean heart rate employed by several commercial wearable products is less accurate in identifying anxiety and stress. This comprehensive review article provides an evidence-based evaluation of intelligent gadgets and wearable sensors, highlighting their potential to accurately assess stress, wellness, and anxiety. It also identifies areas for further research and development
Generative AI vs. Teachers: insights from a literature review
No full textLa creciente integración educativa de la inteligencia artificial está reconfigurando la educación superior, especialmente a través del uso de chatbots y modelos de lenguaje generativo. Este artículo realiza una revisión de la literatura, aplicando las directrices PRISMA a 155 artículos revisados por pares, para examinar las ventajas, limitaciones y aplicaciones pedagógicas de la IA en comparación con la enseñanza humana. Se identificaron tres principales escenarios de impacto en las prácticas educativas: a) Pérdida de ciertos aspectos tradicionales de la enseñanza, como la transmisión exclusiva de información y tareas de reporte, b) Transformación de roles, incluyendo el control sobre contenidos educativos y el contrato didáctico, c) Emergencia de nuevos elementos, como la personalización del aprendizaje y enfoques innovadores en la evaluación. A pesar de su potencial para automatizar procesos y ahorrar tiempo, los chatbots no replican cualidades humanas esenciales como la empatía y la adaptabilidad. Por ello, su integración óptima requiere análisis pedagógicos profundos que equilibren innovación y efectividad educativa. Este trabajo es valioso para investigadores, docentes y diseñadores educativos interesados en entender cómo aprovechar la IA sin comprometer la calidad de la enseñanza. Representa un paso crucial hacia estrategias de incorporación de IA basadas en principios pedagógicos sólidos
Stable Reusability of Nanocellulose Aerogels with Amino Group Modification in Adsorption/Desorption Cycles for CO2 Capture
Get PDFThis study evaluated the stability and reusability of amino-functionalized nanocellulose aerogels as CO2-adsorbent materials. The modified aerogels, synthesized via a controlled silylation using N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl] ethylenediamine (DAMO), demonstrated excellent thermal stability up to 250 °C (TGA) and efficient CO2 adsorption through chemisorption, which was the main adsorption mechanism. The performance of the aerogels was assessed using both adsorption isotherms and the decay pressure technique, revealing that CO2 adsorption capacity increased with higher amino group loading (4.62, 9.24, and 13.87 mmol of DAMO). At 298 K and 4 bar, CO2 adsorption capacity increased proportionally with the amino group concentration, reaching values of 3.17, 5.98, and 7.86 mmol of CO2 g−1 polymer, respectively. Furthermore, over 20 adsorption/desorption cycles, the aerogels maintained 95% CO2 desorption at ambient temperature, indicating their potential for industrial use. These findings highlight the aerogels suitability as stable, reusable materials for large scale CO2 capture and storage technologies
Dimensions related to telemedicine and telehealth competencies of health professionals: A scoping review
No full textINTRODUCCIÓN La telesalud y la telemedicina han mostrado ser de gran utilidad para complementar la atención presencial cuando la distancia o la dificultad de acceder a especialistas es relevante. Para lograrlo se requiere una serie de nuevas competencias no solo en el ámbito del uso de las tecnologías, sino que también en ámbitos como la comunicación y la ética.
OBJETIVO Analizar y delinear las dimensiones asociadas a las competencias en telemedicina y telesalud, según la perspectiva de los profesionales del sector salud, a partir de la recopilación y evaluación de investigaciones realizadas en la última década.
MÉTODOS Se realizó una revisión sistemática exploratoria (Scoping Review) revisando las bases de datos WoS, Scopus, PubMed y SciELO. La selección de las publicaciones incluyó solo artículos originales tanto en español como en inglés disponibles bajo la modalidad Open Access entre los años 2013 y 2023.
RESULTADOS La revisión identificó 12 dimensiones clave en telemedicina y telesalud, destacando el "Conocimiento tecnológico en general y en tecnologías de telesalud", presente en 25 documentos. En 17 artículos se abordaron las dimensiones de “coordinación, cooperación y gestión”, resaltando la integración efectiva de equipos multidisciplinarios. También se destacaron competencias éticas, profesionalismo y aspectos legales, esenciales para garantizar privacidad, consentimiento informado y seguridad en telesalud. El profesionalismo incluye comunicación efectiva, habilidades técnicas y razonamiento clínico, mientras que la seguridad abarca la protección de datos, promoviendo atención ética y centrada en el paciente.
INTERPRETACIÓN Las dimensiones acá identificadas pueden guiar a los investigadores a comprender mejor las competencias necesarias en el ámbito de la telesalud. Además, brindan elementos clave para la elaboración de un marco de formación contextualizado que conduzca a una atención remota de calidad, flexible y más equitativa, respondiendo a las necesidades de una sociedad que cambia y se adapta día a día
La universidad como lugar de memoria: el caso de la Universidad Técnica del Estado, sede Concepción, región del Biobío, Chile
Get PDFEste artículo se centra en la universidad como lugar de memoria en Chile, entendida como un espacio que integra los recuerdos y los olvidos asociados a una comunidad con un proyecto colectivo que, desde la producción de conocimiento, buscaba transformar la sociedad. El caso de la Universidad Técnica del Estado (UTE), sede Concepción, ahora Universidad del Bío-Bío (UBB), permite abordar el problema del olvido generado por la intervención dictatorial que negó su historia y relegó las memorias institucionales. Se plantea la hipótesis de que los actuales trabajos de memoria dan continuidad al proyecto universitario cancelado. La metodología emplea un enfoque cualitativo documental, analizando fuentes primarias y secundarias. Los hallazgos confirman la trascendencia de la dictadura en el modelo universitario actual, la institucionalización del olvido y la relevancia de la investigación social y los trabajos de memoria en el presente
Comparison of self-administered versus read-aloud questionnaires for psychological measurement in students with low intellectual functioning: use of frequentist and Bayesian approaches
No full textBackground
Students with low intellectual functioning (LIF) often experience barriers to participating in social research due to the literacy demands of the survey’s typical self-administered format. Although evidence for the validity of the read-aloud format for educational testing abounds, few studies have analyzed the impact of application formats on attitudes or opinion questionnaires for LIF students.
Aim
To analyze the effect of self-administered vs read-aloud formats on LIF and typical development (TD) students using four psychological questionnaires for school contexts (Student Engagement Instrument, Multidimensional School Engagement Scale [MSES], Brief Multidimensional Student Life Satisfaction Scale, and School Participation Scale).
Method
A mixed factorial (2x2) design was used. Thirty-two students participated (14 to 19 years old; M = 15.39; SD = 1.27): 17 with LIF and 15 with TD.
Results
Reliability indices between formats for LIF students in most questionnaire subscales were found to be adequate and equivalent. All instrument subscales had appropriate intra-subject correlations between formats, indicating that LIF students had similar scores in both. Only the MSES showed a format effect, where LIF students reported fewer disengagement behaviors in the read-aloud format. Frequentist and Bayesian statistics were conducted looking for convergences due to the small sample size.
Conclusion
We discuss the case-related appropriateness of each application format and propose a new criterion to choose between them to guarantee the inclusion of LIF students in psychological research
Effect of Cu-ZnO nanoparticles on the photocatalytic degradation of reactive red 120
No full textReactive red 120 is a hazardous textile dye that poses a significant threat to the environment and living organisms due to its recalcitrance and hazardous nature. This study explores the photocatalytic degradation performance of RR120 of copper-zinc oxide (Cu-ZnO) nanoparticles, synthesized using the ultrasound-assisted coprecipitation method. The physicochemical properties of the prepared nanoparticles were investigated using various analytical techniques. Cu-ZnO exhibits a hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO along with a minor monoclinic CuO structure. FESEM images of Cu-ZnO showed that hexagonal ZnO nanobolts and nanorods, which are due to Cu incorporation, promote crystal growth, improve optical absorption in the visible region, and increase the separation of photogenerated carriers. The band gap energy of 5% Cu-ZnO was estimated to be 2.86 eV, which is less than that of ZnO (3.17 eV). 5% Cu-ZnO demonstrates an enhanced photocatalytic degradation of RR120, achieving more than 99% with a kinetic rate of 0.013 min-1. Reusability studies confirm that 5% Cu-ZnO is stable with similar performance over multiple cycles. The increased photocatalytic activity of 5% Cu-ZnO is attributed to the introduction of Cu, which act as electron traps, suppress charge recombination, and extend the lifetime of charge carriers. This study underscores the potential of Cu-ZnO as a promising photocatalyst for RR120 degradation, offering an efficient and sustainable approach to the treatment of dye wastewater
Efficient Degradation of Acridine Orange via Bi2O3/g-C3N5Photocatalysts: A Simplified Strategy for High-Performance Photocatalysis
No full textThe pursuit of efficient and durable photocatalysts for environmental remediation remains a critical challenge. This study introduces a novel carbon nitride (g-C3N5) photocatalyst, synthesized from 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole through solid-state combustion and ultrasonication, and integrated with bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) to form a Bi2O3/g-C3N5 heterojunction photocatalyst. Comprehensive characterization, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), photoluminescence (PL), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), was conducted to elucidate the structural, optical, and electronic properties of the individual components and their composite. The Bi2O3/g-C3N5 photocatalyst exhibited a reduced bandgap, enhancing visible light absorption and photocatalytic efficacy. It achieved 90% degradation of acridine orange within 60 min, demonstrating superior photocatalytic performance compared to the pure components. The enhanced activity is attributed to the effective separation of photogenerated charge carriers facilitated by the Z-scheme mechanism. Additionally, the Bi2O3/g-C3N5 composite showed exceptional stability, maintaining high photocatalytic activity through five reaction cycles and the Acridine orange degradation pathways were elucidated using intermediates detected by HRMS analysis. This work underscores the potential of Bi2O3/g-C3N5 composites in advancing photocatalytic technologies for environmental cleanup