Repositorio Institucional UCSC (Univ. Católica de la Santísima Concepción)
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Hydration Status of Elite Youth Soccer Players: Training Versus FIFA Competition
Get PDFOptimal hydration is crucial for maintaining health and athletic performance in young soccer players. This requires constant monitoring by medical and sports teams during training sessions and competitions. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine hydration status based on variations in body weight, fluid intake, and urine specific gravity during three training sessions and a FIFA competition in elite U-17 youth soccer players, national team members. Methods: Twenty-one elite soccer players, aged 17.2 ± 0.29 years, with a body weight of 72.1 ± 6.95 kg and a height of 1.80 ± 0.05 m, participated in the study. To determine hydration status, percentage weight loss, fluid intake, and urine density were measured during three training sessions and one FIFA-level competition. Results: Differences in body weight were observed in two of the training sessions, with greater variation in the competition (3.5% of BW, p < 0.001). Significant differences were found between weight losses in training sessions vs. matches. An increase in initial weight was associated with lower urine density. Regression coefficients showed that differences in body weight can predict urine density during training and competition (p < 0.05). A decrease in final body weight could be a valid indicator as a predictor of higher urinary density
Associations between left/right judgment task performance and psychosocial pain factors in women with fibromyalgia: A cross-sectional study
No full textBackground/objectives
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain condition characterized by widespread pain and associated with psychosocial factors such as kinesiophobia and catastrophizing. This study aims to identify psychosocial variables that explain variance in left/right judgment task (LRJ) performance in women with FM and to compare LRJ performance between women with low pain intensity and those with moderate-high pain intensity.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 56 women recruited from a rehabilitation foundation. Pain intensity, kinesiophobia, and catastrophizing were assessed using validated instruments, including the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia. LRJ tasks were performed with Recognise™ software, measuring reaction time (RT) and accuracy (AC). Data were analyzed with multiple linear regression models and Mann-Whitney U tests to examine variables that explained variance in LRJ performance and to compare groups with low versus moderate-high pain intensity.
Results
Age and kinesiophobia significantly explained variance in RT, accounting for up to 10.2 % of the variation. Pain intensity explained 21 % of the variance in AC when combined with age. Significant differences in RT and AC were observed between women with low pain intensity and those with moderate-high pain intensity.
Conclusions
Age, pain intensity, and kinesiophobia influence LRJ performance in women with FM, supporting the hypothesis of an altered body schema in this population. These findings emphasize the need for comprehensive treatment that addresses both physical and psychosocial factors, and suggest that LRJ-based strategies could be further explored as complementary tools in rehabilitation
Efeito da manipulação das variáveis que moldam o estímulo do treinamento de força sobre os sintomas motores em pessoas com doença de Parkinson: uma revisão sistemática
Get PDFIntroducción: La enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa multisistémica que afecta al sistema nervioso central. Las personas con enfermedad de Parkinson (PEP) tienen síntomas tanto motores como no motores. El ejercicio físico es una de las intervenciones no farmacológicas más prometedoras para complementar el tratamiento médico en la PEP. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión sistemática para analizar el efecto del entrenamiento de fuerza (EF) muscular sobre los síntomas motores y describir cómo se manipularon las variables que configuran el EF en estudios realizados con PEP. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura de acuerdo con las pautas del Manual Cochrane para Revisiones Sistemáticas. Los estudios se identificaron mediante búsquedas en cuatro bases de datos electrónicas: Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed y EBSCOhost. La calidad metodológica de los artículos seleccionados se evaluó mediante la lista de verificación de la escala PEDro. Los estudios incluidos obtuvieron una puntuación a≥ 6. La investigación fue registrada en Revisiones Sistemáticas (INPLASY). Número de registro: INPLASY2022110079. Resultados: La búsqueda preliminar arrojó 2830 estudios. Se consideraron veinte artículos, después de revisar el resumen y el texto completo. Siete estudios fueron rechazados por no registrar algunas de las variables de entrenamiento de fuerza requeridas y tres fueron rechazados por utilizar entrenamiento suplementario al entrenamiento de fuerza. Un total de diez estudios cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Los programas de entrenamiento de fuerza se implementaron 2 - 3 veces por semana, con intensidades entre 30 % - 90 % 1RM, un volumen de entrenamiento de 1 - 3 series y 4 - 20 repeticiones, sesiones de entre 35 - 90 minutos con mejoras significativas en el temblor en reposo, medidas de la marcha, bradicinesia y equilibrio. Conclusiones: Independientemente de cómo se configuró el estímulo del EF, existen mejoras significativas de los síntomas motores en la PEP. Estos resultados promueven la implementación del entrenamiento de fuerza en PEP, pero, debido al bajo número de estudios (10) y la alta variabilidad en la manipulación de las variables que configuran el estímulo del entrenamiento de fuerza, es difícil saber cuál es la prescripción óptima para mejorar los síntomas motores de la PEP
Intra-session reliability of knee flexion-extension muscle strength monitored using a functional electromechanical dynamometer in female soccer players
Get PDFBackground: The aim of the study was to analyze the relative and absolute reliability of intra-session comparisons of three repetitions in a protocol for assessment peak muscle strength in a knee extension and flexion exercise in competitive female soccer players.
Methods: The participants in this research are professional level female soccer players. Peak muscle strength was assessed with functional electromechanical dynamometry (FEMD) for the knee muscles with the following movements: knee flexion (FLE) and extension (EXT). Each movement was assessed at a speed of 0.4 m·s-1 unilaterally, recording peak muscle strength values in the concentric phase (CON) and an eccentric phase (ECC).
Results: Null differences (ES < 0.19) were detected in the measurements of peak muscle strength of the extensors and flexors of the right and left knee in their concentric or eccentric phases. In the intra-set reliability measures, they reported acceptable absolute reliability (CV% < 9.71) and extremely high relative reliability (ICC = 0.92–0.98).
Conclusion: In relation to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the FEMD presents a high relative and absolute intra-series reliability for the evaluation of muscle strength in knee extension and flexion in female soccer players. These reported antecedents may facilitate a more specific evaluation of the function of the muscles of the lower limbs
Design and Validation of an Instrument to Measure Knowledge about Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation in Chilean Higher Education Students
Get PDFEl conocimiento hacia la identidad de género y la orientación sexual es esencial para construir sociedades más inclusivas, equitativas y respetuosas, donde cada persona pueda vivir auténticamente sin enfrentar discriminación o estigmatización. La investigación se enfocó en diseñar y validar un instrumento para medir el conocimiento hacia la identidad de género y la orientación sexual en estudiantes chilenos de educación superior. Para este cometido, se siguieron criterios rigurosos en el proceso de diseño y validación: revisión teórica, juicio de expertos, entrevista cognitiva y análisis factoriales exploratorio y confirmatorio. El instrumento se administró a una muestra por conveniencia de 401 estudiantes pertenecientes a una institución de educación superior ubicada en la región del Biobío, Chile. Los resultados revelaron una estructura latente con adecuado ajuste para los datos, compuesta por 15 ítems que subyacen a las variables de identidad de género y orientación sexual. La fiabilidad se estableció en un coeficiente Omega de .87 y un alfa de Cronbach de .86, indicando una consistencia interna satisfactoria. El instrumento es una herramienta que busca promover la inclusión, la equidad y la comprensión, al identificar áreas de desconocimiento o malentendidos que podrían contribuir a actitudes discriminatorias o exclusiones involuntarias en el contexto de la educación superior. Asimismo, proporciona información para el diseño de futuros programas educativos que promuevan la aceptación de las diferencias
Psychometric Properties of Instruments Measuring Individual Knowledge Management Practices in Higher Education: A Systematic Review (2000–2024)
Get PDFThis study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of instruments used to measure individual knowledge management practices (IKMP) in higher education from 2000 to 2024. Given the increasing importance of knowledge management in academic settings, the research focused on evaluating reliability, validity, and interpretability. A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines and employing the COSMIN (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments) framework to assess psychometric quality. A comprehensive search on Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, SciELO, and Dialnet yielded 2,302 records. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, twenty-seven studies were selected for detailed analysis. Findings showed significant regional disparities, with 58% of studies conducted in Asia and 30% in America. The most frequently reported psychometric properties were internal consistency (85%), structural validity (40%), and reliability (40%). Transparency was limited, as only 59% of studies provided access to the full instruments. Regarding IKMP focus, 44% of studies assessed it as a single factor, reporting high Cronbach’s alpha values and strong correlations with human capital practices. The remaining studies explored IKMP within organizational and individual dimensions. While most studies demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity, none fully addressed all psychometric properties according to COSMIN guidelines. Furthermore, interpretability of the scales was generally limited, underscoring the need for refinement and enhanced transparency in developing instruments to measure IKMP in higher education. These findings highlight critical gaps and provide a basis for improving the assessment of IKMP in academic contexts
Protein interacting with C-kinase 1 (PICK1) regulates synaptic function and reversal learning in a mouse model for schizophrenia
No full textProtein interacting with C-kinase 1 (PICK1) is important for synaptic plasticity through directing transport of glutamate receptors and other proteins. PICK1 gene variants have been associated with schizophrenia. To examine the role of PICK1 in schizophrenia-related behaviors, mice with a mutation in the PICK1 lipid-interacting BAR domain were characterized. Male Pick1-S262T mice had disrupted AMPA receptor (AMPAR) subunit GluA1 and GluA2 protein expression in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Young adult, but not juvenile (P21), Pick1-S262T mice showed decreased hippocampal synaptic transmission and deficits in long-term depression (LTD). Mutant males also had deficits in reversal learning in the Morris water maze (MWM). These observations suggest that the Pick1-S262T mutation affects AMPAR trafficking, disrupting synaptic transmission and plasticity, as well as cognitive flexibility, a core neuropsychological deficit in schizophrenia. This work suggests possible mechanisms by which a known schizophrenia susceptibility gene could contribute to clinical features of the disorder
Development of an IoT-Enabled Smart Electricity Meter for Real-Time Energy Monitoring and Efficiency
Get PDFSmart meters play an important role in energy management systems as they provide essential parameters for real-time monitoring, protection, and control that enable informed decisions for the end-users and the utility grid. However, available systems are high-cost solutions with different hardware and software, which provide limited measuring parameters with certain accuracy. This work aims to develop and implement an innovative smart electricity meter (SEM) system that surpasses conventional designs by incorporating advanced features like noninvasive sensors, manual signal calibration, and flexible communication modes. The developed SEM supports real-time data transmission via IoT and provides superior accuracy in measuring harmonics and frequency, addressing key challenges in energy monitoring. This work contributes to real-time energy monitoring and energy management systems in residential and industrial applications