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Correction to: Food insecurity and physical multimorbidity among adults aged ≥ 50 years from six low- and middle-income countries (European Journal of Nutrition, (2023), 62, 1, (489-497), 10.1007/s00394-022-02999-5)
No full text[No abstract available]Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Rehabilitation Is the Main Topic in Virtual and Augmented Reality and Physical Activity Research: A Bibliometric Analysis
No full textResearchers’ interest in finding practical applications for virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies has increased as new devices have become cheaper and more accessible, being used in entertainment, healthcare, and rehabilitation fields, among others. This study aims to provide an overview of the current state of scientific literature related to VR, AR, and physical activity (PA). A bibliometric analysis of studies published between 1994 and 2022 was conducted using The Web of Science (WoS), applying the traditional bibliometric laws and using the VOSviewer software for data and metadata processing. The results revealed an exponential increase in scientific production between 2009 and 2021 (R2 = 94%). The United States (USA) was the country/region with the most relevant co-authorship networks (72 papers); the most prolific author was Kerstin Witte, and the most prominent was Richard Kulpa. The most productive journal’s core was composed of high-impact and open access journals. A great thematic diversity was found according to the most used keywords by the co-authors, highlighting concepts such as rehabilitation, cognition, training, and obesity. Then, the research related to this topic is in an exponential development phase, with great interest in the rehabilitation and sports sciences fields. © 2023 by the authors.European Social Found Investing; Universities Ministry; Universidad de las Américas Puebla, UDLAP; European Commission, EC, (MS-12); Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, MECD, (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Colaboração entre fonoaudiólogos e professores de sala de aula: determinantes do trabalho colaborativo
No full textCollaboration between speech therapist and teacher is a fundamental practice for the development of educational inclusion, however, this practice is still poorly developed and is affected by different factors. The objective of this research was to determine the sociodemographic and labor variables that influence the possibility of developing different levels of collaboration between speech therapist and teacher in educational contexts. In this research, an online questionnaire was applied to 108 speech therapists and a descriptive analysis of sociodemographic antecedents, bivariate analysis and binary regression was conducted to determine the variables that could increase or decrease the possibility that speech therapists develop less or more collaboration. 70 % (n= 76) of speech therapists report a high level of collaboration and 30 % (n= 32) a low level of collaboration. The work experience of the speech therapist (or= 1,27, ci= 0,03-0,45), and the frequency of meetings between both professionals (or= 14,5, ci= 0,59-4,76) increase the probability of collaborating and the number of jobs decreases the probability of advancing in collaboration (or= 0,19, ci= -2,78 - -0,45). It was concluded that the majority of speech therapists report a high level of collaboration and that there are variables that impact their development, such as years of experience, the number of jobs of the speech therapist and the frequency of meetings with the teacher. This research could be a contribution to decision-making both at the central and local levels, to favor collaboration in inclusive educational settings. © 2023 Research Center of Universidad Pedagogica Nacional. All rights reserved.Universidad Autónoma de Chil
¿Para qué contar con programas de intervención social en las escuelas en contextos de pobreza? Significados asociados al sentido de la implementación de los programas desde la perspectiva de los actores
No full textIn the implementation processes of educational policies and specific programs, it is crucial that they make sense to the actors involved, as it impacts the levels of adherence and commitment to change. This article presents research that sought to understand the meanings of educational actors regarding the sense of implementing social intervention programs in schools in contexts of poverty. The research was conducted through a qualitative methodology of multiple case studies involving four vulnerable Chilean schools. From a conceptual perspective, references from policy implementation theory were addressed, focusing on implementation conditions and the role of actors. Regarding the results, three groups of meanings stand out that underpin the presence of programs in schools: those centered on the vulnerability of families and children, those centered on the opportunity for teachers to focus on their pedagogical role, and those centered on global societal changes that impact education. It is important for projecting changes and transformations in educational equity that actors comprehend and engage with renewed visions to understand education from a comprehensive approach and with a rights-based perspective. © Universidad Autonoma de Chile. All Rights Reserved.Universidad Autónoma de Chil
The relationship between 5G technology affordances, consumption values, trust and intentions: An exploration using the TCV and S-O-R paradigm
No full text5G mobile communication technology is anticipated to merge with many other sectors, spurring innovation and creating substantial ripple effects. Despite the significance of this advancement, current research provides limited knowledge of users' behavioral reactions to the affordances, values, and trust generated from 5G technology. To investigate this relationship, this study used the Stimulus-response theory and the consumption values theory. The empirical data was gathered from 373 consumers in China using a survey method. To validate the model's suggested relationships, the author utilized the partial least squares-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) technique. The finding designates that the affordances and purchase intention relationship was mediated by consumption values and trust. Given the significance of 5G technology and its potential, this study investigates what drives and deters consumers from obtaining 5G technology. Original findings insights on the role of affordances in developing marketing strategies and increasing consumer intentions to purchase 5G technology products. © 2023 The AuthorsNational Natural Science Foundation of China, NSFC, (71672004); Nemzeti Kutatási, Fejlesztési és Innovaciós Alap, NKFIA, (132805)Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Vibrio type III secretion system 2 is not restricted to the Vibrionaceae and encodes differentially distributed repertoires oeffector proteins
No full textVibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of seafood-borne gastroenteritis worldwide. A distinctive feature of the O3:K6 pandemic clone, and its derivatives, is the presence of a second, phylogenetically distinct, type III secretion system (T3SS2) encoded within the genomic island VPaI-7. The T3SS2 allows the delivery of effector proteins directly into the cytosol of infected eukaryotic cells to subvert key host-cell processes, critical for V. parahaemolyticus to colonize and cause disease. Furthermore, the T3SS2 also increases the environmental fitness of V. parahaemolyticus in its interaction with bacterivorous protists; hence, it has been proposed that it contributed to the global oceanic spread of the pandemic clone. Several reports have identified T3SS2-related genes in Vibrio and non-Vibrio species, suggesting that the T3SS2 gene cluster is not restricted to the Vibrion-aceae and can mobilize through horizontal gene transfer events. In this work, we performed a large-scale genomic analysis to determine the phylogenetic distribution of the T3SS2 gene cluster and its repertoire of effector proteins. We identified putative T3SS2 gene clusters in 1130 bacterial genomes from 8 bacterial genera, 5 bacterial families and 47 bacterial species. A hierarchical clustering analysis allowed us to define six T3SS2 subgroups (I–VI) with different repertoires of effector proteins, redefining the concepts of T3SS2 core and accessory effector proteins. Finally, we identified a subset of the T3SS2 gene clusters (subgroup VI) that lacks most T3SS2 effector proteins described to date and provided a list of 10 novel effector candidates for this subgroup through bioinformatic analysis. Collectively, our findings indicate that the T3SS2 extends beyond the family Vibrionaceae and suggest that different effector protein repertories could have a differential impact on the pathogenic potential and environmental fitness of each bacterium that has acquired the Vibrio T3SS2 gene cluster. © 2023 The Authors.022001BZ Universidad de Santiago de Chile; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, HHMI, (55008749); Universidad de Santiago de Chile; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, FONDECYT, (1201805, 3200874); Departamento de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, DICYT; Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica, DGICT; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, ANID, (21210879)Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Chewing Analysis by Means of Electromagnetic Articulography: Current Developments and New Possibilities
No full textChewing is a complex procedure that involves sensory feedback and motor impulses controlled by the trigeminal system in the brainstem. The analysis of mandibular movement is a first approximation to understanding these mechanisms. Several recording methods have been tested to achieve this. Video, ultrasound, the use of external markers and kinesiographs are examples of recording systems used in research. Electromagnetic articulography is an alternative method to those previously mentioned. It consists of the use of electromagnetic fields and receiver coils. The receiver coils are placed on the points of interest and the 3D coordinates of movement are saved in binary files. In the Oral Physiology Laboratory of the Dental Sciences Research Center (Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas—CICO), in the Faculty of Dentistry at the Universidad de La Frontera (Temuco, Chile) several research studies have been carried out using the AG501 3D EMA articulograph (Carstens Medizinelektronik, Lenglern, Germany). With this device, they developed a series of protocols to record mandibular movement and obtain new information, such as the 3D Posselt polygon, the area of each polygon, individualized masticatory cycles and speed and acceleration profiles. Other investigations have analyzed these parameters, but separately. The AG501 allows for holistic analysis of all these data without altering natural movement. A limitation of this technology is the interference generated by its metallic elements. The aim of the present work is to show the developed methods used to record mandibular movement in the CICO, using the AG501 and compare them with others used in several research studies. © 2023 by the authors.Universidad Autónoma de Chil
The Genetic Basis of Probable REM Sleep Behavior Disorder in Parkinson’s Disease
No full textPatients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) experience REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) more frequently than healthy controls. RBD is associated with torpid disease evolution. To test the hypothesis that differential genetic signatures might contribute to the torpid disease evolution in PD patients with RBD we compared the rate of genetic mutations in PD patients with or without probable RBD. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of PD in the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database entered the study. We excluded those with missing data, dementia, psychiatric conditions, or a diagnosis change over the first five years from the initial PD diagnosis. Probable RBD (pRBD) was confirmed by a REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire score > 5 points. Logistic regression and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms were used to relate Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs) in PD-related genes with pRBD. We included 330 PD patients fulfilling all inclusion and exclusion criteria. The final logistic multivariate model revealed that the following SNPs increased the risk of pRBD: GBA_N370S_rs76763715 (OR, 95% CI: 3.38, 1.45–7.93), SNCA_A53T_rs104893877 (8.21, 2.26–36.34), ANK2. CAMK2D_rs78738012 (2.12, 1.08–4.10), and ZNF184_rs9468199 (1.89, 1.08–3.33). Conversely, SNP COQ7. SYT17_rs11343 reduced pRBD risk (0.36, 0.15–0.78). The ML algorithms led to similar results. The predictive models were highly specific (95–99%) but lacked sensitivity (9–39%). We found a distinctive genetic signature for pRBD in PD. The high specificity and low sensitivity of the predictive models suggest that genetic mutations are necessary but not sufficient to develop pRBD in PD. Additional investigations are needed. © 2023 by the authors.Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Relationship between appendicular muscular mass index and physical function in older people
No full textThis study aimed to establish the relationship between the appendicular muscle mass index (AMMI), assessed from anthropometric variables, and the physical function of older people. Seventy-six older people participated in this study (72.03 +/- 7.03 years). The participants underwent evaluations to determine their AMMI using anthropometry (weight, calf circumference, hip circumference, and knee height) and manual grip strength. Additionally, their physical function was evaluated using the 5-chair stand test, the 3-meter walk test, and the timed up and go test (TUG) to determine the strength of the lower limbs, the gait speed, and the dynamic balance, respectively. The results show that the AMMI did not present a significant relationship with the 5-chair stand test in both women (r =-0.135; p = 0.204) and men (r =-0.067; p = 0.349). The AMMI was moderately correlated with the gait speed in both women (r = 0.542; p < 0.001) and men (r = 0.556; p < 0.001). Finally, a statistical significance was observed in the relationship between the AMMI and the TUG test in women (r =-0.273; p = 0.047) and older men evaluated in this study (r =-0.284; p = 0.042). In conclusion, there is a relationship between the AMMI and both the dynamic balance and the gait speed. Therefore, the AMMI emerges as a potential public health assessment by enabling the clinical quantification of muscle mass and an estimation of physical function in the elderly population.Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Hidden demographic impacts of fishing and environmental drivers of fecundity in a sea turtle population
No full textFisheries bycatch is a critical threat to sea turtle populations worldwide, particularly because turtles are vulnerable to multiple gear types. The Canary Current is an intensely fished region, yet there has been no demographic assessment integrating bycatch and population management information of the globally significant Cabo Verde loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) population. Using Boa Vista island (Eastern Cabo Verde) subpopulation data from capture–recapture and nest monitoring (2013–2019), we evaluated population viability and estimated regional bycatch rates (2016–2020) in longline, trawl, purse-seine, and artisanal fisheries. We further evaluated current nesting trends in the context of bycatch estimates, existing hatchery conservation measures, and environmental (net primary productivity) variability in turtle foraging grounds. We projected that current bycatch mortality rates would lead to the near extinction of the Boa Vista subpopulation. Bycatch reduction in longline fisheries and all fisheries combined would increase finite population growth rate by 1.76% and 1.95%, respectively. Hatchery conservation increased hatchling production and reduced extinction risk, but alone it could not achieve population growth. Short-term increases in nest counts (2013–2021), putatively driven by temporary increases in net primary productivity, may be masking ongoing long-term population declines. When fecundity was linked to net primary productivity, our hindcast models simultaneously predicted these opposing long-term and short-term trends. Consequently, our results showed conservation management must diversify from land-based management. The masking effect we found has broad-reaching implications for monitoring sea turtle populations worldwide, demonstrating the importance of directly estimating adult survival and that nest counts might inadequately reflect underlying population trends. © The Authors. Conservation Biology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society for Conservation Biology.MAVA FoundationUniversidad Autónoma de Chil