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Entre el esfuerzo y el talento: concepciones sobre el mérito de directivos en universidades de élite y de masas en Chile
No full textMerit has been widely discussed in the educational field. This article proposes to analyze this concept according to the perceptions of managers of two types of Chilean universities -elite and massive-, relating them to university profiles and the social class of students. Through the analysis of 55 in-depth interviews, it is concluded that in mass universities merit is associated with effort, and in the elite essentially with talent. This paper contributes to the discussion on merit, education, and inequality based on the perceptions of key actors in university policies, but little is studied on this topic. © 2024 Asociacion Nacional de Universidad e Instituciones de Educacion Superior. All rights reserved
Is there New Condylar Formation after Unilateral Partial Mandibular Condylectomy?
No full textFacial asymmetry related to unilateral condylar hyperplasia is one of the facial deformities diseases, usually treated with TMJ surgery. The aim of this review is to define if condylar reparation is possible after partial resection of the condylar head and establish the conditions. We realized a search in Pubmed Central, Science Citation Index, Elsevier Science Direct Complete, Highwire Press, Springer Standard Collection, to find the studies realized in condylar reparation after condylectomy in humans and animals. The results showed poor information for both, human and animal model research. The information shows that condylar reparation is possible after condyelectomy, demonstrating similar morphology with the normal non-operated condyles. Functional load, age and surgery presented relation with condylar reparation
PARTICIPACIÓN CIUDADANA INSTITUCIONALIZADA EN LOS GOBIERNOS MUNICIPALES DE JALISCO, MÉXICO. ENTRE LA LIMITACIÓN O EL IMPULSO PARTICIPATIVO
No full textEl objetivo del artículo es analizar a la participación ciudadana institucionalizada en gobiernos municipales y valorar si los modelos y diseños de participación suscritos la favorecen o limitan. Se analizan los reglamentos de participación ciudadana de los municipios del estado de Jalisco, México. El resultado es que cuentan con una baja institucionalidad de la participación ciudadana porque pocos municipios la formalizan y porque estas reglas formales se caracterizan por limitar en lugar de incentivar la participación. Se concluye que las reglas formales conforman un entorno que puede limitar la práctica y su capacidad de contribuir a tener decisiones públicas locales más democráticas. 
INFLACIÓN Y DEFLACIÓN URBANAS: DE BURBUJAS INMOBILIARIAS A RECESIONES ECONÓMICAS
No full textLa relación entre las burbujas inmobiliarias y las crisis económico-financieras es analizada en este artículo, explicando el origen de los procesos y ciclos de inflación y deflación urbanas, la formación de burbujas inmobiliario-financieras y la gestación de crisis multisectoriales y globales
Propuesta de un modelo biomecánico de la técnica de pecho en futvoley
No full textContext: The biomechanical analysis of sports techniques facilitates performance optimization, promotes proper technical execution, and helps to identify injury risk factors. Objective: To propose a biomechanical model of the chest technique in footvolley, indicating kinematic indicators for its evaluation. Methods: A case study with a descriptive scope was conducted through a participant with 20 years of experience in footvolley. The chest technique in footvolley was captured through video-photogrammetry using a high-speed camera (240 Hz). The analysis was carried out using the Kinovea® sports analysis software. The phases of the sports technique were determined through a previously used proposal: a) The general performance objective of the technique (GPO); b) The mechanical purposes (MP) of each phase, which refers to the main mechanical characteristic to be achieved in each phase; c) Biomechanical objec-tives (BO), corresponding to the kinematic (KI) and kinetic indicators (KnI) derived from the MP. Results: The technique was divided into the phases of Approach, Preparation, Impulse, and Follow-up. In each phase, the GPO of the technique and the MPs and BOs were described. Practical applications: The biomechanical proposal based on GPO, MP, and KI allows for the understanding of this sports technique, facilitating its analysis, teaching, and performance optimization. © 2024 Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica. All rights reserved.Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Spatial distribution of lower intertidal decapods on the northern Patagonian coast (Pelluhuín beach, Puerto Montt, 41°29'S, Chile)
No full textThe decapod fauna of Chile’s intertidal shores in inner seas south of 40°S has relatively low diversity because of the presence of low-salinity waters due to river inputs and glacial smelts; nevertheless it is possible that the same decapods species are found as on the northern and central Chilean coast. The aim of the present study was to determine the spatial distribution patterns of lower intertidal decapods on Pelluhuín beach, a small beach south of Puerto Montt, northern Patagonia. Data were obtained by counting individuals from random quadrants in intertidal zones; to the obtained data the variance/mean ratio was applied to determine if the specimens have a random, aggregate or uniform distribution, which are associated with Poisson, negative binomial or positive binomial distributions respectively. Among four of the species observed, a uniform distribution (positive binomial) was reported, and one had an aggregated pattern (negative binomial). The sites correspond to rocky shores in semi-urban zones, and in a protected zone. Our results on the interpretative probabilistic models of aggregated distribution patterns agree with previously reported observations of decapods on the rocky shores of Northern and Central Chile, specifically in interpretative probabilistic models. © PATRICIO DE LOS RIOS-ESCALANTE ET AL., 2024.Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Biosynthetic gene clusters with biotechnological applications in novel Antarctic isolates from Actinomycetota
No full textAbstract: Actinomycetota have been widely described as valuable sources for the acquisition of secondary metabolites. Most microbial metabolites are produced via metabolic pathways encoded by biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). Although many secondary metabolites are not essential for the survival of bacteria, they play an important role in their adaptation and interactions within microbial communities. This is how bacteria isolated from extreme environments such as Antarctica could facilitate the discovery of new BGCs with biotechnological potential. This study aimed to isolate rare Actinomycetota strains from Antarctic soil and sediment samples and identify their metabolic potential based on genome mining and exploration of biosynthetic gene clusters. To this end, the strains were sequenced using Illumina and Oxford Nanopore Technologies platforms. The assemblies were annotated and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. Finally, the BGCs present in each genome were identified using the antiSMASH tool, and the biosynthetic diversity of the Micrococcaceae family was evaluated. Taxonomic annotation revealed that seven strains were new and two were previously reported in the NCBI database. Additionally, BGCs encoding type III polyketide synthases (T3PKS), beta-lactones, siderophores, and non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) have been identified, among others. In addition, the sequence similarity network showed a predominant type of BGCs in the family Micrococcaceae, and some genera were distinctly grouped. The BGCs identified in the isolated strains could be associated with applications such as antimicrobials, anticancer agents, and plant growth promoters, among others, positioning them as excellent candidates for future biotechnological applications and innovations. Key points: • Novel Antarctic rare Actinomycetota strains were isolated from soil and sediments • Genome-based taxonomic affiliation revealed seven potentially novel species • Genome mining showed metabolic potential for novel natural products © The Author(s) 2024.Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, ANID; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, FONDECYT, (1210563, 2023-21231681); Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, FONDECYTUniversidad Autónoma de Chil
Terapia láser de baja potencia como apoyo complementario en la implantología: ¿una opción fiable?
No full textUse of low level laser therapy (LLLT) in bone healing has been studied for years, and its application in implant dentistry is still a controversial topic due to the difficult assessment of its clinical efficacy. We report the application of LLLT as aid in the osseointegration in two patients undergone to implant surgery in the upper jaw. In one hemi-arch the LLLT was applied and the other one was used as control. The assessment of the bone area surrounding the fixtures was performed by means of cone beam compute tomography and the area of bone-implants contact was measured by means of InVesalius® software. The radiological findings support the idea of considering the laser biostimulation as an adjunctive aid in implant surgeryEl uso de la terapia con láser de baja potencia (LLLT) en la reparación ósea se ha estudiado durante años y su aplicación en la implantología sigue siendo un tema controvertido, debido a la difícil evaluación de su eficacia clínica. Reportamos la aplicación de LLLT como ayuda en la osteointegración en dos pacientes sometidos a cirugía de implantes en el maxilar superior. En un hemi-arco se aplicó la LLLT y en el otro se utilizó como control. La evaluación del área ósea que rodea a las fijaciones se realizó mediante tomografía computarizada Cone Beam y el área de contacto hueso-implantes se midió mediante el software InVesalius®. Los hallazgos radiológicos apoyan la idea de considerar la bioestimulación con láser como un coadyuvante en la cirugía deimplantes
Complications in Surgery of the Small Intestine
No full textPerforming a surgical procedure of the small intestine, whether it is a scheduled elective or an emergency event, may be associated with the occurrence of disorders of diverse etiology; either as a result of prior illness, the onset of systemic pathology associated with the surgical event or complications related to the surgery itself. The development of morbidity in patients undergoing intestinal surgery has been outlined in this article on medical and surgical complications. These will be discussed based on clinical manifestations, potential risk factors associated with their occurrence and certain preventive measures
Association between Gross Motor Competence and Physical Fitness in Chilean Children Aged 4 to 6 Years
No full textThe preschool period is considered critical for the development of motor competence, but as far as we know, no studies have investigated the association between motor competence and physical fitness in Chilean children. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between gross motor competence and physical fitness, controlling for possible confounding factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 144 preschool children (56.25% girls) with an average age of 5.3 years (4 to 6 years) from the Araucanía region, Chile. Motor competence was measured using the Children’s Movement Assessment Battery, 2nd Edition (MABC-2). Regarding physical fitness, the components of cardiorespiratory fitness, lower body muscle strength and speed/agility were evaluated using the Battery to Assess FITness in PREschool (PREFIT). Partial correlation models and analysis of variance (ANCOVA) were used to assess differences in physical fitness between motor competence categories, controlling for age and body mass index. The mean fitness scores for cardiorespiratory fitness, lower body muscle strength and speed/agility components were significantly higher in children with higher gross motor competence. In terms of effect size, large values were found for the lower body strength component in model 1 for boys and in model 2 for the total samples of girls and boys. The results of this study suggest that good levels of gross motor competence are associated with better physical fitness levels. © 2024 by the authors.Universidad Autónoma de Chil