Repositorio académico de acceso abierto (Univ. Autonóma de Chile)
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Implantation of Autologous Stem Cells Derived from Adipose Tissue in Rat Bone Fractures
No full textStem cells derived from adipose tissue (ASCs) correspond to a major advance with respect to the bone regenerative medicine, as they have the ability for self-renewal, differentiation and paracrine stimulation to various types of tissues including bone and cartilage. The hypothesis of this study considers that fractures treated with ASCs, time decreases bone regeneration and vascularization increases, aiming to histologically evaluate bone regeneration and vascularization in these fractures. To accomplish this, 24 young male Sprague Dawley rats were used. The specimens were divided into two groups: Group A (treated) and group B (control). In both groups, the rats were euthanized at 11 and 21 days post-fracture. Statistically significant difference was observed in the number of newly formed trabeculae and vascular density in the treated group compared to control group concluded that rats treated with ASCs have a higher rate and better angiogenic bone regeneration, especially given the ability to synthesize components of the extracellular matrix of these cell, and the production of angiogenic growth factors
Contribuciones del acompañamiento pedagógico para avanzar hacia la calidad de las prácticas docentes en contextos rurales
No full textIntroduction.Thisoriginalarticlepresentsfindingsfromaninvestigationfocusingonaccompaniment to schools in rural contexts. Objective. This study aims to analyze the contributions of the pedagogical companion to the teaching practices of educators in rural schools in the Bío Bío region. Methodology. The study employs a qualitative approach and a collective case study design. Semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis were conducted with 19 General Basic Education teachers, aged between 22 and 65 years. Results. The main results reveal that the pedagogical companion plays a guiding role in collaboratively designing lesson plans. In addition, systematic and timely feedback, both oral and written, strengthens the higher-order thinking skills of the teachers being accompanied. Furthermore, pedagogical accompaniment fosters the innovation of teaching practices through peer collaboration, based on dialogue and reflection. Indeed, reflective practice is of vital importance in the training of teachers with critical thinking skills, thus benefiting professional development, which is reflected in the reformulation of teaching practice, oriented towards situated teaching and learning. The systematic pedagogical accompaniment develops the capacity for pedagogical leadership in the accompanied teachers. Conclusions. Pedagogical accompaniment is a key process in improving teaching practices and strengthening the professional performance of the teachers being tutored. This has a significant impact on student training and the generation of social transformations in rural education and in other educational contexts. In this sense, continuous self-improvement is recommended for teachers to meet the demands of contemporary society. © 2024 Universidad Nacional. All rights reserved.Universidad Autónoma de Chil
CICLOS DEL EMPLEO EN CIUDAD JUÁREZ, LEÓN Y MÉRIDA, 2000-2017
No full textEl articulo se enfoca en identificar los ciclos de crecimiento del empleo, su duración y profundidad en tres zonas metropolitanas representativas de México (Juárez, León y Mérida). Además, verifica el grado de sincronización entre los ciclos metropolitanos y el ciclo nacional (y de EUA). Se usaron datos de empleo permanente mensual del 2000-2017. Los ciclos se determinaron usando el filtro Hodrik-Prescott y la sincronización mediante modelos VAR y una medida de fuerza de cohesión conocida como LINK. Se identificaron dos ciclos completos en Juárez, uno en León y Mérida respectivamente. Respecto a la sincronización, Juárez es relativamente más vulnerable a los choques nacionales y a los provenientes de los EUA; León y Mérida reaccionan más a choques locales
Senile Octodon degus Reproductive Strategy: Morphometric and Histological Description of the Penis
No full textThe Octodon degus, a rodent native to central Chile, in their natural habitat do not survive beyond 12 to 24 months, but in captivity reached an advanced age of 60 months on average. The research was conducted in six specimens of senile Octodon degus 48 to 66 months of age. The animals of this study were divided by age into the followingthree groups: group A 48 months 56 months group B and group C of 66 months. These individuals were born in captivity and fed ad libitum. They were studied in order to determine their histological characteristics. The penis was processed with the diaphanisation technique and subsequently for histology and stained with H-E, Masson staining and Von Kossa. In the senile penis bone, cartilage, fat, connective tissue compact parallel bundles, smooth muscle tendon fibers and nerve fibers can all be observed. The baculo showed the presence of several layers of osteoblasts, indicative of secretory activity of the extracellular matrix of bone. A contribution of this study found a tissue that maintains characteristics of undifferentiated blastema at very advanced ages of Octodon degus that allow to continually rebuild tissue. All these structures are dependent on testosterone and according to the results; the reproductive system of these animals was still working senility at the time, although with lower levels of testosterone than younger individuals. Octodon degus is a endemic rodent that has many reproductive strategies which continue over time despite their old age
Identificación de brechas digitales en pandemia : Experiencias en carreras de grado de Facultades de la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Argentina.
No full textThe impact of the global health crisis caused by COVID-19 generated in the educational system an anticipated change from the “face-to-face” paradigm to the “virtual” one whose impact seems to be more forceful depending on whether students and teachers have sufficient resources available as to access the necessary infrastructure that guarantees the right to education. The article set out to investigate the fundamental digital competencies of university students from a public institution through the creation of a sample of students taking two different undergraduate courses. The applied methodology was descriptive transversal type. An online instrument was designed which was answered by 56 students. Data was processed for descriptive statistical processing, could be quantitatively inferred and individuals characterized in relation to certain aspects that affect a digital divide typology: connectivity, availability of relevant communication and computer equipment, and knowledge of synchronous and asynchronous tools in a learning environment or virtual classroom. The main results indicate that there are gaps in use and access. The average number of computers per home was 1.5 (SD of 0.92) for an average of 4.1 (DS of 2.24) people living together. 47% of students reported regular or poor connectivity, while 67% reported accessibility issues to the institutional virtual classroom, despite 66% reporting how to manage them. 83% of teachers used digital platforms complementary to institutional ones. The article enables its replication in other educational areas (for example, in the teaching sector, administrative and teacher personnel), strengthening projects in information and communication technologies to have trained human capital in the face of possible emerging ones.El impacto de la crisis sanitaria mundial originada por el COVID-19 generó en el sistema educativo un cambio anticipado desde el paradigma “presencial” al “virtual” cuyo impacto parece ser más contundente en función de si estudiantes y docentes tienen disponibilidad de recursos suficientes como para acceder a la infraestructura necesaria que garantice el derecho a la educación. El artículo se propuso indagar en torno a las competencias digitales fundamentales de universitarios de una institución pública a través de la conformación de una muestra de estudiantes cursantes de dos asignaturas de carreras de grado diferentes. Se aplicó una metodología de tipo descriptiva transversal. Se diseñó un instrumento en-línea el cual fue respondido por 56 estudiantes. Se procesaron los datos para su tratamiento estadístico descriptivo, se pudieron inferir cuantitativamente y caracterizar a los individuos en relación con ciertos aspectos que inciden en una tipología de brecha digital: la conectividad, disponibilidad de equipos de comunicación e informáticos pertinentes, y conocimientos de herramientas sincrónicas y asincrónicas en un entorno de aprendizaje o aula virtual. Los principales resultados indican que existen brechas de uso y de acceso. El promedio de computadoras por hogar fue de 1,5 (DE 0,92) para una media de 4,1 (DE 2,24) personas que conviven. El 47% de los alumnos declaró tener conectividad regular o mala, mientras, el 67% manifestó tener dificultades de accesibilidad al aula virtual institucional, a pesar de que el 66% indicó saber manejarlas. El 83% de los docentes utilizaron plataformas digitales complementarias a las institucionales. El articulo posibilita su replicación en otros ámbitos educativos (por ejemplo, en el sector docente, personal administrativo y de maestranza), proyectos de fortalecimiento en tecnologías de información y comunicaciones para disponer con capital humano capacitado ante posibles emergentes
Anterior and Posterior Instrumentation for Treatment of Fracture by Vertebral Metastasis
No full textTumoral fractures in spine are part of the etiology of pathologic fractures in this level, age of presentation and the observed clinical can give guidance on the type of tumor that affects the axial skeleton, it is important to identify, classification and therapeutic to follow, especially those who are affected neurological distal part. Considering this aspect propose clinical case below
Procurando transparencia, prestação de contas e participação nos portais eletrônicos de câmaras municipais das maiores capitais brasileiras
No full textO artigo teve por objetivo investigar as condições de transparência, de prestação de contas e de participação nos portais eletrônicos de câmaras municipais das maiores capitais brasileiras. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho avaliativo e exploratório, realizada por meio de estudo de casos múltiplos, com abordagem predominantemente qualitativa. Após as visitas aos portais eletrônicos e feitas as anotações das informações a partir de um protocolo de observação, fez-se a análise descritiva dos dados. O conjunto de observações parece confirmar, do ponto vista tecnológico, o pressuposto de que os municípios com maior população possuem portais dos seus Legislativos mais aperfeiçoados. Neste ínterim, atende as expectativas o processo de prestação de contas e de transparência através dos portais. Já em relação à participação, ainda que existam os canais de interação, não há qualquer indicação de análise e retorno das mensagens recebidas
EXPLORACIÓN DE PATRONES POLÍTICOS SUBNACIONALES EN CHILE. IDEAS SOBRE EL AUTORITARISMO DUAL.
No full textSe exploran patrones políticos subnacionales en Chile, a partir de las diferencias entre ciudades intermedias y áreas metropolitanas. Se procesaron datos de la Encuesta Lapop del 2014 con spss, generando resultados para datos descriptivos univariados. La hipótesis es que las ciudades intermedias presentan tipo de culturas políticas diferentes a las áreas metropolitanas, siendo más autoritarias y estado-dependiente las ciudades intermedias, y mayormente indiferentes a la democracia e individualistas las áreas metropolitanas. Se concluye la existencia de un dualismo autoritario, siendo estos espacios con pocas condiciones para la reproducción y defensa de la democracia
LOS DERECHOS POLÍTICOS EN EL RÉGIMEN MUNICIPAL VENEZOLANO
No full textLos derechos políticos comprenden de acuerdo con la Constitución de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela el derecho a participar libremente en los asuntos públicos, directamente o por medio de representantes; el sufragio activo y pasivo; el derecho de asociación con fines políticos; el derecho de manifestación y el derecho a recibir cuentas de las autoridades, Tienen una importancia fundamental en el Estado de Derecho porque propician el fortalecimiento de la democracia y el pluralismo político. Y sólo en un sistema político democrático, los derechos humanos tienen plena vigencia al ser respetados y garantizados por los Estados. El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar los mecanismos consagrados en el ordenamiento jurídico venezolano para el ejercicio de estos derechos en el ámbito municipal
Manejo extrahospitalario de la fibrilación auricular y su adecuación a las guías de práctica clínica
No full textObjective: To study the variability in the management of atrial fibrillation (AF) by emergency teams and their adherence to treatment guidelines.
Material and method. Descriptive study of AF episodes treated in two years of Cadiz. We studied 236 patients. We analysed the patient's history, the clinical care provided by the team and the results of frequency and rhythm control. We constructed a synthetic index of therapeutic adequacy (SITA) with a range of -3 to 3.
Results. 236 patients reviewed, 68% were men, women were younger (66 vs 75 years), 43.8% were first episodes; most frequent comorbidities were HBP (64%), heart disease (41.1%) and diabetes (30.1%). The most widely used drug is amiodarone. 16.1% of attendances presented complete adherence (SITA=3) and 63.1%, positive partial GCP adaptation (SITA=1 or 2); the greatest clinical variability occurred in bradycardisation. The adaptation was: 62.3% for anticoagulation, 68.2% for bradycardisation and 56.8% for cardioversion. There was 40.7% frequency control and 96% hospital referral.
Conclusion. We must increasing anticoagulation and using beta-blockers and calcium-antagonists to replace amiodarone. ISAT allows the evaluation of the adequacy of CPG to control symptoms, heart rate and reduce stays in the emergency services.Objetivo: Estudiar la variabilidad del manejo de la fibrilación auricular (FA) por equipos de emergencias y su adherencia a las guías de tratamiento.
Material y método. Estudio descriptivo de episodios de FA atendidos en dos años en Cádiz. Recogemos 236 pacientes. Analizamos antecedentes, actuación del equipo y resultados de control de frecuencia y ritmo. Construimos un índice sintético de adecuación terapéutica (ISAT) con rango de -3 a 3.
Resultados. 236 pacientes, 68% varones, las mujeres más jóvenes (66 vs 75 años); 43.8% fueron primeros episodios. El fármaco más usado es la amiodarona. El 16,1% de las asistencias presentaron adherencia completa (ISAT 3) y el 63,1%, adecuación parcial positiva (ISAT 1-2); la mayor variabilidad clínica se produjo en la bradicardización. La adecuación fue: 62,3% para anticoagulación, 68.2% para bradicardización y 56.8% para cardioversión. Existió un 40,7% de control de frecuencia y un 96% de derivación hospitalaria.
Conclusión. Debemos aumentar el porcentaje de anticoagulación y empleo de bloqueadores-beta y calcioantagonistas en sustitución de amiodarona. El ISAT permite mejorar la adecuación a las GPC que facilita controlar síntomas, frecuencia y reducir estancias en los servicios de urgencia