Repositorio académico de acceso abierto (Univ. Autonóma de Chile)
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Análisis de los requisitos de admisibilidad del procedimiento de liquidación voluntaria y el sistema recursivo en materia concursal: Corte Suprema, sentencia de fecha 6 de junio de 2019, Rol N°25.196- 2018
No full textEl presente comentario analiza la sentencia dictada por la Corte Suprema el 25 de junio de 2019, en donde la Corte, conociendo de un recurso de casación en el fondo se refirió sobre la necesidad de que los antecedentes acompañados en una solicitud de liquidación voluntaria deben dar cuenta de una situación de insolvencia del solicitante. Esta situación ha sido objeto de discusión doctrinal y jurisprudencia sobre cuáles son las atribuciones que tienen nuestros tribunales al momento de revisar la admisibilidad de una solicitud de liquidación voluntaria
A new zero-dimensional (0D) hybrid bismuth (III) halide: Synthesis, crystal structure, thermal analysis, photophysical properties and DFT calculations
No full textLow-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid Bi(III) halides, with organic N, O-heterocycles, are promising solid-state photoluminescent materials, but are underexplored. In this work, we present the synthesis and characterization of a novel bismuth (III) hybrid salt, namely (C8H12NO)4[Bi2Cl10] (referred as (1)). (1) was synthesized using a solvent-evaporation method and extensively characterized using various techniques. The crystal structure of (1) was determined to be zero-dimensional (0D). In this structure, the individual bioctahedral [Bi2Cl10]4− dimers, which share edges, are completely isolated from each other. These dimers are separated by large 4-methoxybenzylammonium cations (C8H12NO)+. The latter are crucial for the crystal structural stability by balancing [Bi2Cl10]4-dimer charges and maintaining overall integrity. Solid-state diffuse reflectance UV–Vis spectrum demonstrates that (1) is a semiconductor with a band gap of 3.32 eV. Its photoluminescence spectrum exhibits intense blue emission when exposed to UV light, with CIE chromaticity coordinates of (0.22, 0.21). Theoretical calculations suggest that the emission with multiple centers originates both from a charge transition between (C8H12NO)+ and Bi2Cl104− ions and from excited-state proton transfer (ESPT) processes related to fluorescence properties. These ESPT processes occur through C–H…π and C–H…O intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the organic cations. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.ICMAB; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, FONDECYT, (1201880, 1231194); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, MICINN, (CEX2019-917S
CONSTRUCCIÓN DE UN ÍNDICE PARA MEDIR LA TRANSPARENCIA MUNICIPAL: BUENOS AIRES, BAHÍA BLANCA Y LAS CAPITALES DE PROVINCIA DE ARGENTINA
No full textEste trabajo estudia el principio de transparencia del paradigma de gobierno abierto. Con el objetivo de cuantificar la transparencia en el nivel municipal, se construye un índice de transparencia activa presupuestaria y transparencia pasiva. Éste se calcula tomando en consideración el aporte teórico de Darbishire (2010) y sobre una muestra de 25 ciudades de Argentina (capitales de provincia junto a Ciudad de Buenos Aires- CABA- y Bahía Blanca). Se exploran los sitios web municipales para determinar la presencia o no de información presupuestaria y de gasto público, así como la existencia de un sistema centralizado de gestión de las solicitudes de información y la publicación de las respuestas para su aprovechamiento público. Según los resultados obtenidos, los municipios más transparentes son Córdoba, CABA, Bahía Blanca y Ushuaia. Posteriormente, se analiza el nivel de transparencia en relación al tamaño y nivel de ingresos de los municipios, hallándose cierta evidencia de una relación positiva
Obesity and Arterial Hypertension in Children: Systematic Review
No full textOverweight, obesity, and arterial hypertension in children have become a serious and growing public health problem in this group. However, there is a lack of updated data to determine whether these conditions correlate. This systematic review was designed and developed following the “Preferred Reporting Items in Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses” (PRISMA) statement, performed through a bibliographic search in the SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), MEDLINE (National Library of Medicine), and LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature) databases. Finally, 7 studies were included in the quantitative analysis based on 5,364 subjects considered, and 14 studies were used for the qualitative analysis contributing to the discussion on the investigated topic. The presence of pre-AHT and early-stage AHT was high in all the studies, mostly in overweight and obese children, which, through the results, demonstrate that these values and the increase in BP are closely related to the increase in BMI (SciELO Scientific Electronic Library Online), MEDLINE (National Library of Medicine); LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature). Overweight and obesity in children contribute to a serious health problem. Being necessary to verify the opinions of the authors in recent years in relation to the relationship between these variables and the presence of hypertension in children. A systematic review was designed following the statement "Preferred Reporting Items in Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses" (PRISMA). A search was carried out in the Scielo, Google academic, PubMed, Latindex databases. Finally, 7 studies were included in the quantitative analysis based on 5,364 topics considered. Concluding that the presence of preHBP and HBP in the early stage was high in all the studies, mainly in overweight and obese children, which, through the results, demonstrates that these values and the increase in BP are closely related to the increase in BMI. © Kamla-Raj S-EM 2024.Universidad de Tarapacá, UTA; Department of Sciences of the Physical Activity and the Spor
Letalidad por neumonía adquirida en la comunidad y su relación con el proceso de estratificación y con el cumplimiento de las sugerencias de ubicación intrahospitalaria y de tratamiento antimicrobiano inicial
No full textCommunity-acquired pneumonia continues being an important cause of morbimortality at world level. The objective was determining the relationship between community-acquired pneumonia mortality and the frequency and quality of the stratification process, and all of this with the fulfillment of the stratification instrument’s suggestions as for both the patient's intrahospitalary location and the initial antimicrobial treatment. It was carried out an observational study with a descriptive correlational design on a population of 1,809 patients hospitalized between the years 2009 and 2019. Mortality was evaluated according to different study variables. The statistical analysis was based on odds ratio, with a significance level of 95%. Global mortality of the series was of 28%, with the highest value on patients with serious pneumonia and scarce recovery probabilities (OR 9, 5 [7;12,8]). It was proven a significant association between the non-stratification and the lethality (OR 1,6[1,2;2,2]), and between the incorrect stratification and the mortality (OR 1,4[1,07;1,8]). Patients with intrahospitalary location different to the stratification instrument’s suggestion showed a higher mortality (OR 2,2[1,3;3,6]). Only in patients with moderate pneumonia and high probabilities of non-satisfactory evolution a higher lethality was observed in the sick persons that received antimicrobial therapeutic different from the one suggested in the stratification instrument (OR 1, 7[1,3; 2, 2]). As conclusions, it was proven a narrow relationship between the non-stratification, the incorrect stratification or the intrahospitalary location of the sick person different from the suggestion of the stratification instrument, and the mortality for community-acquired pneumonia.La neumonía adquirida en la comunidad sigue siendo una causa importante de morbimortalidad a nivel mundial. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el comportamiento de la letalidad por neumonía adquirida en la comunidad en su relación con la frecuencia y calidad del proceso de estratificación inicial, y con el cumplimiento de las sugerencias de un instrumento de estratificación en cuanto a la ubicación intrahospitalaria del paciente y al tratamiento antimicrobiano inicial. Se realizó un estudio observacional con diseño descriptivo sobre una población de 1,809 pacientes hospitalizados entre los años 2009 y 2019. Se evaluó el comportamiento de la letalidad según las diferentes variables de estudio; en el análisis estadístico se utilizó el odds ratio, con un nivel de significación de 95%. Entre los resultados se destacan los siguientes: la letalidad global de la serie fue de 28%, con el valor más alto en los pacientes con neumonía grave y pocas probabilidades de recuperación (OR 9,5[7;12,8]). Se comprobó una asociación significativa entre la no estratificación y la letalidad (OR 1,6[1,2;2,2]), y entre la estratificación incorrecta y la letalidad (OR 1,4[1,07;1,8]). Los pacientes con ubicación intrahospitalaria no acorde a la sugerencia del instrumento de estratificación presentaron una letalidad superior (OR 2,2[1,3;3,6]); solo en los pacientes con neumonía moderada y altas probabilidades de evolución no satisfactoria fue observada una mayor letalidad en los enfermos que recibieron terapia antimicrobiana no acorde con la sugerida en el instrumento de estratificación (OR 1,7[1,3;2,2]). Los autores concluyen que la no estratificación inicial del paciente con neumonía adquirida en la comunidad, su estratificación incorrecta y la ubicación intrahospitalaria del enfermo no acorde a la sugerencia del instrumento de estratificación se relacionaron con la probabilidad de morir por esta enfermedad, en el contexto de tiempo y espacio del estudio
UNIDADES DE PRONTA ATENCIÓN DE LA PROVINCIA DE BUENOS AIRES ESTABLECIDOS EN LOS MUNICIPIOS DEL GRAN BUENOS AIRES, EN LOS AÑOS 2010 -2015: OBJETIVOS, CONTEXTO Y TRAMA SANITARIA
No full textEste artículo analiza el contexto sanitario y la trama de servicios donde se incorporaron las Unidades de Pronta Atención (UPA)en el Gran Buenos Aires (GBA), en el periodo 2010 – 2015, iniciativa , de responsabilidad de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (PBA). Primero presentamos las funciones de los servicios que brindan las UPA, luego caracterizamos el subsector estatal y las políticas sanitarias a nivel provincial. Posteriormente, analizamos la trama de oferta de servicios del subsector estatal municipal en el GBA. Finalmente, se concluye que estos servicios se instalaron en municipios con presencia de servicios del Ministerio Provincial y en contexto de peores condiciones de vida. Se usaron fuentes secundarias (estadísticas, notas de prensa y entrevistas a actores relevantes)
Bioethical Principles Involved in the Informed Consent
No full textThe socio-political transformations occurred during modern times generated a radical shift in self-perception of individuals. They no longer see themselves as subjects. Religious and political paternalism have become extinct, and now people demand to be recognized as autonomous individuals capable of deliberation. The term, citizen, becomes stronger and they themselves ask to be heard and respected as active participants in shaping social reality. The practice of medicine is not indifferent to these processes and the atavistic model (the genetic condition that is inherited from past generations) which applies to the paternalistic, clinical relationship, where the professional, due to their qualifications and based on welfare, decided what was best for the patient, started to crumble. Now, the patient requires an active recognition of their autonomy, which entails a new way of exercising the clinical setting through dialogue and deliberation. This new patient-citizen initiative, which is subject to rights and duties, requires self-judgment in various medical scenarios that determine one’s health. In this scenario, informed consent arises, and although autonomy is often stated to be the principle behind it, which states that decision- making related to health must respect the subjectivity of the patient, it needs, as an integral process of other principals, generators of early duties in the other protagonist of the clinical setting: the clinician. Non-maleficence and justice constitute the framework that determines the limitations of the range of decisions to make, between professional and patient
Efecto del ejercicio físico sobre factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos en preadolescentes y adolescentes con obesidad severa: una revisión sistemática
No full textObjective: The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effect of physical exercise on cardiometabolic risk factors in pre-adolescents and adolescents with severe obesity. Methodology: A systematic search of the literature was carried out using the databases Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, Cochrane, EBSCO, of articles published up to 17 August 2022. We included studies involving pre-adolescents or adolescents, aged 10-18 years with severe obesity, in either a structured or unstructured physical training intervention of at least 4 weeks. Results: Significant post-intervention improvements were observed in body weight, BMI, waist circumference, body fat percentage, blood pressure, fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, cholesterol HDL, cholesterol LDL, with no significant changes in triglycerides, compared to baseline. When comparing the results with the control group, only significant differences in body weight, BMI and body fat percentage were reported. Conclusion: Physical exercise was associated with a decrease in some cardiometabolic risk factors, however, the results were inconsistent when compared to a control group. © 2024 Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica. All rights reserved
Black gram husk-derived carbon dots: characterization and catalytic dye reduction activities
No full textHerein, we demonstrated an easy hydrothermal carbonization route to prepare fluorescent carbon dots by utilizing black gram husk (BGH) as a carbon source. The formation of black gram husk-derived carbon dots (BGH-CDs) was confirmed by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The presence of functional groups in BGH-CDs was explored by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The fluorescence behavior of BGH-CDs was identified by fluorescence spectroscopy. At the optimized condition, BGH-CDs exhibited greater catalytic performance in the reduction (or decolorization) of methylene blue and carmoisine dyes with a removal efficiency of 99.5 and 97.5% within 4 and 6 min respectively. The prepared BGH-CDs could become a high-performance catalyst in the reduction of water pollutants. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India, DST; Science and Engineering Research Board, SERB; Atomic Energy Regulatory Board, AER
Dual spherical-spherical aromaticity in [M(η2-P4)2]+ (M = Cu, Ag, Au) and [P(P4)2]+. Evaluation of bonding nature and spherical aromatic character of the P4 aggregates from DFT calculations
No full textThe favorable coordination of two P4 units to a coinage metal center, given by [M(η2–P4)2]+ and [P(P4)2]+ clusters, offers an interesting template for evaluating how two spherical aromatic units interact when bridged by either a metal or a main-group element center. Our results indicate a M+–(P4)2 stabilization trend in the order Au > Cu > Ag, involving mainly electrostatic character, followed by a sizable contribution from covalent (orbital) character, with a slight London dispersion type stabilization. The coordination scheme is based on a σ- M+←(η2-P4)2 charge transfer, followed by σ-metal-to-ligand backbonding, in addition to a set of two σ-ligand-to-metal and π-ligand-to-metal charge transfer bonds. Such structural features bring together two spherical aromatic P4 units, leading to the formation of a dual aromatic cluster mediated by a coinage metal center, i.e. two independent aromatic units within the same cluster. However, in [P(P4)2]+ involving stronger covalent P4–P bonds, the spherical aromatic character decreases, owing to the larger distortion of the P4 units, as result of the larger bonding interaction towards the central P atom. Hence, the coordination towards a coinage metal center of the P4 unit incorporates multiple aromatic units into a single molecular entity. This provides a model to envisage larger connected spherical-aromatic species serving as building blocks while retaining their inherent characteristics. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, FONDECYT, (1221676