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Can resistance training improve mental health outcomes in older adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
No full textPurpose This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyze the effects of resistance training (RT) and to compare the different RT prescriptions, sample characteristics, and mental health outcomes (depressive and anxiety symptoms) in older adults. Methods All studies that were available on 28th April 2023. For the analysis of intervention effects on depressive and anxiety symptoms, standardized mean differences and standard errors were calculated. Meta-analyses using random-effects models, employing robust variance meta-regression for multilevel data structures, with adjustments for small samples. Results For depressive symptoms, the mean effect was - 0.94 (95 %CI: -1.45 - -0.43, P< 0.01, I2= 93.4 %), and for anxiety symptoms, the mean effect was -1.33 (95 %CI: -2.10 - -0.56, P< 0.01, I2= 92.3 %). The mean effect was -0.51 (95 %CI: -0.67 - -0.35, P< 0.01, I2= 36.7 %) for older adults without mental disorders, and those with mental disorders the mean effect was ES= -2.15 (95 %CI: -3.01 - - 1.29, P< 0.01, I2= 91.5 %). Conclusion RT was able to improve mental health outcomes in individuals with and without mental disorders, and some RT characteristics influenced the effect of RT on mental health. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, FAPESP, (2021/01318–0); Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, FAPES
Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy in Treatment of Spasticity of Different Aetiologies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textBackground: Spasticity is a motor disorder characterised by exaggerated movements of the tendons and accompanied by hyperreflexia and hypertonia. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is used as a treatment for spasticity, although more evidence is needed on the effectiveness of this therapy in the treatment of spasticity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness ESWT in the treatment of upper and lower limbs spasticity in both children and adults through different aetiologies. Methods: A systematic search was performed in different databases from inception to December 2023. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the efficacy of ESWT on spasticity using the Modified Ashworth Scale. Results: Sixteen studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The effect of ESWT on spasticity measured with the Modified Ashworth Scale shows a significant decrease in spasticity in the upper limbs and in the lower limbs in adults with chronic stroke and in children with cerebral palsy, is more effective immediately after application, and maintains its effect up to 12 weeks post treatment. Conclusions: These findings are important for clinical practice since they show evidence that ESWT is effective in reducing spasticity in both children and adults. © 2024 by the authors.European Commission, EC; European Regional Development Fund, ERDF; European Social Fund Plus, ESF, (2023-GRIN-34459); European Social Fund Plus, ESF; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, UCLM, (2018-CPUCLM-7939); Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, UCLMUniversidad Autónoma de Chil
Revisiting the nexus between digital trade, green technological innovation, and environmental sustainability in BRICS economies
No full textAfter the UN Climate Action Summit in 2019, many countries started progressing towards race to zero targets. The intricate framework of digitalization and green technologies has the potential to persuade governments to implement policies that promote a zero-carbon economy, i.e., green economy. Hence, this study determines the effect of digital trade (DGT) and green technological innovation (GTI) on environmental sustainability (ENS) by considering the role of renewable energy consumption (REC), globalization (GLOB), and economic growth (EG). The study measured ENS by taking into account three proxy variables, i.e., ecological footprint (EF), carbon dioxide emission (CO2e), and methane emissions (CH4e). POLS and PMG-ARDL techniques are applied to the panel data of BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) from 2000 to 2019. Panel Quantile Regression (PQR) along with AMG and CCEMG estimators is applied hereafter for checking the robustness of the empirical results. The long-run empirical outcomes show the positive association of DGT, GTI, REC, and GLOB with ENS. Lastly, this study inscribed the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) and highlights policy implications and governmental measures to ensure environmental sustainability in BRICS economies. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
Usos del Laser en la Terapia Endodóntica. Revisión de la Literatura
No full textLately, the use of laser in endodontics has gained acceptance, being considered as a complement to endodontic therapy, which aims to carry out an effective shaping, cleaning and disinfection of the root canal system (RCS), allowing an effective elimination of microorganisms present, and thus prevent reinfection of the canal. Different laser application methods have been adopted to improve the disinfection of the RCS, which could be effective in reducing the microbial population present inside the canals, by activating the irrigant used. The use of laser could also be useful in surgical endodontic procedures which aim to maintain the tooth and its roots when conventional treatment has failed, the positive effects of laser would focus on reducing inflammation and increasing volume, in addition of the reduction in the filtration of orthograde seal materials in apicoectomized teeth. Another use of laser in this area is related to post-endodontic therapy pain management, which has shown promise. Two types of lasers are defined; low-power, which produces a biostimulant, analgesic and anti-inflammatory action of biological tissues, also used in RCS decontamination processes, and high-power or surgical laser, with which incisions, excision, performing cutting functions and coagulation.Últimamente, el uso del láser en endodoncia ha ganado aceptación llegando a considerarse como un complemento a la terapia endodóntica, la cual tiene como objetivo realizar una efectiva conformación, limpieza y desinfección del sistema de canales radiculares (SCR), permitiendo una eliminación eficaz de microorganismos presentes, y así prevenir la reinfección del canal. Se han adoptado diferentes métodos de aplicación del láser para mejorar la desinfección del SCR, los cuales podrían ser eficaces para reducir la población microbiana presentes al interior de los canales, por medio de la activación del irrigante utilizado. El empleo de laser también podría ser útil en procedimientos endodónticos quirúrgicos los cuales tienen por objetivo mantener el diente y sus raíces cuando el tratamiento convencional ha fallado, los efectos positivos del láser se centrarían en el descenso de la inflamación y del aumento de volumen, además de la disminución de la filtración de los materiales de sello ortógrado en dientes apicectomizados. Otro de los usos de laser en esta materia está relacionado con el manejo del dolor post-terapia endodóntica, el cual se ha visto ser prometedor. Se definen dos tipos de láseres; de baja potencia, que produce una acción bioestimulante, analgésica y antiinflamatoria de los tejidos biológicos, utilizada además en procesos de descontaminación del SCR, y de alta potencia o láser quirúrgico, con el que se pueden realizar incisiones, exéresis, realizando funciones de corte y coagulación
LA TRANSPARENCIA FISCAL EN LOS GOBIERNOS SUBNACIONALES MEXICANOS: UN ANÁLISIS DE SUS DETERMINANTES
No full textLa transparencia fiscal (TF) es una herramienta para legitimar una democracia y recuperar la confianza ciudadana. Los estudios a nivel gobierno central se han concentrado en realizar comparaciones internacionales sobre los determinantes de la TF, sin embargo, pocos estudios lo han abordado a nivel subnacional debido a la falta de información desagregada. En este trabajo se propone analizar los factores socioeconómicos, fiscales y políticos que afectan la TF en el contexto local, para lo cual se utilizarán datos para los estados mexicanos durante 2014-2017. Los resultados indican que el Producto Interno Bruto Estatal per cápita tiene una relación positiva con el nivel de TF alcanzado a nivel estatal; en tanto que, existe una relación negativa entre el grado de TF y el nivel de deuda per cápita y la ideología de izquierda
Novel Apoplastic Antifreeze Proteins of Deschampsia antarctica as Enhancer of Common Cell Freezing Media for Cryobanking of Genetic Resources, a Preliminary Study
No full textHighlights: Cryopreservation generates ice recrystallization. D. antarctica apoplastic proteins show antifreeze activity. PMI of S. salar sperm can be maintained with AFPs. High MMP of sperm increases with AFPs. D. antarctica apoplastic proteins act as nonpermeable cryoprotectants. Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are natural biomolecules found in cold-adapted organisms that lower the freezing point of water, allowing survival in icy conditions. These proteins have the potential to improve cryopreservation techniques by enhancing the quality of genetic material postthaw. Deschampsia antarctica, a freezing-tolerant plant, possesses AFPs and is a promising candidate for cryopreservation applications. In this study, we investigated the cryoprotective properties of AFPs from D. antarctica extracts on Atlantic salmon spermatozoa. Apoplastic extracts were used to determine ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI), thermal hysteresis (TH) activities and ice crystal morphology. Spermatozoa were cryopreserved using a standard cryoprotectant medium (C+) and three alternative media supplemented with apoplastic extracts. Flow cytometry was employed to measure plasma membrane integrity (PMI) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) postthaw. Results showed that a low concentration of AFPs (0.05 mg/mL) provided significant IRI activity. Apoplastic extracts from D. antarctica demonstrated a cryoprotective effect on salmon spermatozoa, with PMI comparable to the standard medium. Moreover, samples treated with apoplastic extracts exhibited a higher percentage of cells with high MMP. These findings represent the first and preliminary report that suggests that AFPs derived from apoplastic extracts of D. antarctica have the potential to serve as cryoprotectants and could allow the development of novel freezing media. © 2024 by the authors.NEXER, (NRX17-0002); Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, CONICYT, (21150246, 21150278); Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, FONDECYT, (11230690, 1151173, 1180387, 3160572, 3180765, 3210633)Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Revista AUSTRO Ingeniería. Consorcio UA-UMAG
No full textEL CONSORCIO Ingenierías 2030 busca consolidar las capacidades de ambas universidades para contribuir en la formación de nuevos profesionales de la ingeniería. Este proyecto busca dar sustentabilidad,a largo plazo, en la formación de nuestros estudiantes, incorporando la innovación, emprendimiento y la transferencia tecnológica en los programas académicos. La conexión, articulación e integración de los equipos de ambas universidades con los actores externos en el proceso de cocreación de I+D+i+e y transferencia tecnológica, potenciará la ruta formativa desde etapas tempranas. Además, las acciones a desarrollar en el proyecto enfatizan el liderazgo, la colaboración en I+D+i, el emprendimiento de base científica tecnológica, la transferencia del conocimiento, tanto a nivel nacional como internacional, la colaboración con instituciones extranjeras, la equidad de género y la promoción de la ciencia abierta
Sinus Dermoide
No full textThe dermoid sinus (DS) is a congenital malformation described in humans and canines, due to a development defect of the embryo, in which the skin does not completely separate from the ectodermic neural tube during the embryonic development. The lesion locates along the dorsal midline and manifests as a tubular pouch, which extends from the skin covering advancing through underlying tissues, being able to reach depths from the subcutaneous to the spinal cord. Most important in addressing the DS in humans is the early detection of skin abnormalities; prevention is crucial in infants, as it can prevent future neurological and orthopedic abnormalities. In the Rhodesian Ridgeback breed, breeders assign greater value to dogs that have a hard lock of hair labeled in reverse on the back line, as desirable characteristics in the race, when in fact it is a birth defect
Eficiencia en la asignación del gasto público en educación básica en los municipios de Rondônia, Brasil, Amazonía Occidental, basado en el modelado Data Envelopment Analysis
No full textCon base en la teoría del New Public Management, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo identificar, la eficiencia de los recursos públicos invertidos en la educación básica por los municipios de Rondônia referidos al año de 2015. Para eso, se realizó una investigación descriptiva en todos los 52 municipios del Estado, con aplicación del modelo Data Envelopment Analysis o Análisis Envolvente de Datos empleando el modelo BCC con orientación a outputs. Los resultados apuntaron que un 23,08% de los municipios son técnicamente eficientes, un 75% son clasificados con la ineficiencia débil, 1,92% son clasificados como moderadamente ineficientes y ninguno es clasificado como demasiadamente ineficiente. Los más pequeños municipios suelen ser los más eficientes y Porto Velho (Capital) ocupa la posición 39 en el ranking de eficiencia. De esa manera, la investigación evidencia que no son las mayores inversiones en educación las que poseen una mayor eficiencia, pues los municipios que invirtieron más recursos no fueron considerados eficientes, lo que fue constatado con investigaciones anteriores
Taxonomic Reframe of Some Species of the Genera Haloferax and Halobellus
No full textHaloferax and Halobellus are the representatives of the family Haloferacaceae and they are dominant in hypersaline ecosystems. Some Haloferax and Halobellus species exhibit a close evolutionary relationship. Genomic, phylogenetic (based on 16S rRNA gene sequence), and phylogenomic analysis were performed to evaluate the taxonomic positions of the genera Haloferax and Halobellus. Based on the results we propose to reclassify Halobellus ramosii as a later heterotypic synonym of Halobellus inordinatus; Haloferax lucentense and Haloferax alexandrinum as later heterotypic synonyms of Haloferax volcanii. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024