Repositorio académico de acceso abierto (Univ. Autonóma de Chile)
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Pancreatic Insulinoma. About a Personal Experience of 3 Cases
No full textPancreatic insulinomas (IP), are uncommon tumors that come from the beta cells of pancreatic islets, which are characterized by producing insulin excessively, therefore causing hypoglycemia; which is manifested by neuroglycopenic and autonomic symptoms. IP diagnosis is proposed by Whipple's triad, characterized by hypoglycemia, neuroglycopenic symptoms and the reversal of the symptoms following the administration of glucose. Surgery remains the treatment of choice for IP, either by laparotomy or laparoscopy, performing enucleation or segmental pancreatectomies. These procedures are not free of complications, most notably are pancreatic fistula, and pseudocyst formation, and the development of diabetes mellitus. The aim of this paper is to report the personal experience in treating consecutive patients with PI and discuss the related literature
Análisis de la experiencia y práctica de boxeo aficionado en tres recintos deportivos de la ciudad de Temuco, Chile
No full textIn the context of amateur sports activity, boxing acquired a new air in this 21st century, and in the city of study in recent years various boxing schools/clubs have been opened with the aim of promoting recreational activity in young people who see in this sport a space for socialization, recreation, as well as improving physical performance and mental health. Based on a qualitative research experience, the sporting experience of amateur boxers is analyzed in accordance with sport as a recreational tool that encourages comprehensive development, considering motivations, physical performance and competitive personal projections. For this, 17 young boxing practitioners were interviewed and they attended boxing classes in three sports venues in Temuco during the period 2017-2023. Among the results, personal improvement through sport stands out; boxing as a self-defense mechanism; sports practice to channel psychological pressures; improvements in physical performance through aerobic and anaerobic activities and generation of social bonds through sports. It is argued that boxing is an individual activity in its physical and mental area, but a collective one in terms of technical and strategic learning, where the role of boxing clubs is fundamental in terms of delivering a boxing style. © 2024 Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica. All rights reserved.Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Manejo del síndrome de estrés tibial medial mediante ondas de choque extracorpóreas y ejercicio terapéutico: estudio de caso
No full textBackground and objectives: Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) is an overuse injury that frequently affects people who practice physical activity (PA) associated with running. Conservative treatment is insufficient, so other therapeutic options have been studied. It has been postulated that extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) added to a training program (TP) could be a beneficial effect on the intensity of pain, as well as accelerate return to sports. The purpose of this report is to describe the management of a patient with MTSS using radial ESWT and TP. Material and method: 24-year-old man presents pain in the medial edge of both tibial shafts associated with running. The intensity of pain at rest and movement, pressure pain threshold and functional capacity were evaluated. In addition, the involved area was explored using ultrasonography. The radial ESWT were applied using 2000 pulses, 14 Hz and 1.4 bar continuing with 2000 pulses at 8 Hz and 3.0 bar. Training program included stationary bike, stretching and specific muscle strengthening. Eight sessions were held distributed over 7 weeks. Results: Considerable improvements were evident in pain perception and functional capacity, especially in actions that involve jumping or running. Return to PA was achieved at the 5 th week of treatment. Conclusion: A dual intervention plan based on ESWT and PT could be considered a valid option for management in people with MTSS. © 2024 Asociación Española de Fisioterapeuta
Associations of diabesity with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality: Findings from the Mexico City Prospective Study
No full textAim: To investigate the joint associations of diabetes and obesity with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in the Mexico City Prospective Study. Materials and Methods: In total, 154 128 participants (67.2% women) were included in this prospective analysis. Diabetes was self-reported, while body mass index was used to calculate obesity. Using diabetes and obesity classifications, six groups were created: (a) normal (no diabetes and normal weight); (b) normal weight and diabetes; (c) overweight but not diabetes (overweight); (d) overweight and diabetes (prediabesity); (e) obesity but not diabetes (obesity); and (f) obesity and diabetes (diabesity). Associations between these categories and outcomes were investigated using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for confounder factors. Results: During 18.3 years of follow-up, 27 197 (17.6%) participants died (28.5% because of CV causes). In the maximally adjusted model, participants those with the highest risk {hazard ratio (HR): 2.37 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.24-2.51]}, followed by those with diabesity [HR: 2.04 (95% CI: 1.94-2.15)]. Similar trends of associations were observed for CVD mortality. The highest CV mortality risk was observed in individuals with diabesity [HR: 1.80 (95% CI: 1.63-1.99)], followed by normal weight and diabetic individuals [HR: 1.78 (95% CI: 1.60-1.98)]. Conclusion: This large prospective study identified that diabetes was the main driver of all-cause and CVD mortality in all the categories studied, with diabesity being the riskiest. Given the high prevalence of both conditions in Mexico, our results reinforce the importance of initiating prevention strategies from an early age. © 2024 The Authors. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Mexican Health Ministry; Wellcome Trust, WT; Medical Research Council, MRC; University of Oxford; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, CONACYT; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, UNA
Evolution of the fruit ripening and development of the strawberry ‘Aroma’; through transcriptional, physiological and chemicals analysis
No full textIn the last three decades, the demand for Fragaria x ananassa has increased by approximately 260%, due to its organoleptic qualities such as aroma, texture, and flavor, as well as its high content of nutrients and antioxidants. The genus Fragaria, to which F. x ananassa belongs, consists of several wild and cultivated species. In the present study, the development and ripening process of the ‘Aromas’ variety of F. x ananassa were evaluated, analyzing organoleptic parameters such as sugars, antioxidants, size, weight, and phenolic content. The expression levels of marker genes related to these characteristics were also analyzed. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated a decrease in thermal stability during the ripening process, attributed to cell wall degradation mediated by hydrolytic enzymes. Additionally, enzymatic assays and volatile organic compound (VOC) analysis were conducted to gain a better understanding of the biochemical changes that occur during fruit ripening. These findings contribute to our understanding of the physical and chemical characteristics of strawberries during different stages of ripening. They highlight the importance of cell wall degradation, accumulation of phenolic compounds, and production of esters as the most important VOCs in the fruit ripening process. These results provide valuable information for genetic improvement and controlled production of strawberries in response to the challenges of climate change and increasing food demand. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024
Participação da infantil na pesquisa qualitativa em educação: reflexões éticas-pedagógicas do Chile
No full textThis paper reflects on the possibilities, limits and ethical and pedagogical challenges of the participation of children and adolescents (CA) from 7 to 13 years old, in qualitative educational research, based on two research studies conducted in Chile in 2017 and 2020. Starting on a paradoxical vision of childhood and adolescence, which understands CA as vulnerable and dependent and, at the same time, as autonomous and free subjects, we question two common assumptions involved in the processes of research and ethical evaluation of research: On the one hand, the assumption that more participation means overexposure and harm to CA; and, on the other hand, the assumption that more participation is in itself better, and both ethically and pedagogically desirable for research and for CA. Furthermore, we distinguish three basic modes of participation: while research about CA considers them only as ‘topic’, ‘content’ or ‘object’ of study (1), research with CA allows their direct participation in some of the stages of the research (2), and research carried out by CA opens up to the possibility of their full and active participation in one or more stages as co-researchers (3). Thus, we propose that participation is a multidimensional, relational, and ambivalent phenomenon that challenges both traditional adult-centered and child-centered dogmatic positions and demands approaches to ethics that go beyond standardization. © 2024 Research Center of Universidad Pedagogica Nacional. All rights reserved.Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Late Treatment of Zygomatic-Orbital Complex Fracture with a Combination of Surgical Approaches
No full textZygomatic-orbital complex fractures are common in the middle face. As a protocol, it is necessary to establish an adequate exposure of the surgical site. The best surgical approach still remains a lot of controversy. However, the bicoronal flap is a versatile surgical technique to expose the craniofacial skeleton and allow an appropriate access to reduce and fix the fractured segments, being therefore a good alternative for the treatment. The association of other surgical approaches could promote better exposure of the fractured areas, turning an invasive procedure more complete and favorable. This article aims to report a case of zygomatic-orbital complex fractures and suggest a coronal approach along with others techniques to treat this kind of trauma. The great outcomes showed a satisfactory rehabilitation, fractures stabilized, favorable function and good aesthetic
Dropout From Exercise Interventions in Adults With Knee or Hip Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
No full textObjective: To investigate the prevalence and moderators of dropout rates among adults with knee or hip osteoarthritis participating in exercise randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Data Sources: Two authors searched Embase, CINAHL, PsycARTICLES, and PubMed up to 01/09/2023. Study Selection: We included RCTs of exercise interventions in people with knee or hip osteoarthritis that reported dropout rates. Data Extraction: Dropout rates from exercise and control conditions and exerciser/participant, provider, and design/implementation related moderators. Data Synthesis: In total, 209 RCTs involving 277 exercise arms in 13,102 participants were included (mean age at study level=64 years; median prevalence of men participants=26.8%). The trim-and-fill-adjusted prevalence of dropout across all RCTs was 17.5% (95% CI=16.7%-18.2%), which is comparable with dropout observed in control conditions (trim-and-fill-adjusted odds ratio=0.89; 95% CI=0.71-1.12, P=.37). Higher prevalence of antidepressant use at study-level predicted higher dropout (R2=0.75, P=.002, N RCTs=6, n exercisers=412). Supervision by an exercise professional was associated with lower dropout rates, with a trim-and-fill-adjusted rate of 13.2% (95% CI=11.7%-14.9%) compared with 20.8% without supervision (95% CI=18.3%-23.5%) (P<.001). Conclusions: Dropout rates for exercise in RCTs are comparable with control conditions, suggesting that exercise is a generally well-accepted intervention. However, interventions should be supervised by an exercise professional, such as a physiotherapist or exercise physiologist, to further minimize the risk of dropout. Health professionals should consider participants’ use of antidepressants as a risk factor for dropout from exercise. © 2024 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicin
LA GRAN MINERÍA ¿SINÓNIMO DE DESARROLLO?: LA APLICACIÓN DEL ÍNDICE DE CALIDAD DE VIDA (ICV) EN EL CASO DE ANTOFAGASTA DE LA SIERRA, PROVINCIA DE CATAMARCA
No full textEn el presente trabajo se pone en discusión la relación entre mega minería y el fortalecimiento de las economías regionales en la República Argentina. En particular, la provincia de Catamarca se inserta al modelo exportador minero como consecuencia de un posicionamiento residual en la estructura económica del país. Así a partir del año 1997, la provincia del noroeste argentino, parece florecer con las exportaciones de Minera Alumbrera Ltda y El Altiplano FMC. El presente artículo procura constatar las inconsistencias del extractivismo en la dinámica provincial a través de la aplicación del Índice de Calidad de Vida (ICV) aplicado en Argentina, en el marco de un estudio de caso realizado en Antofagasta de la Sierra
