Repositorio académico de acceso abierto (Univ. Autonóma de Chile)
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Condición Física, Actividad Física y Calidad de Vida en Estudiantes Universitarios Chilenos
No full textHealth is understood as a complex relationship between several variables, in addition to lifestyle and quality of life. Thus, physical condition and physical activity become important in university students, a particular population that is vulnerable to acquire unhealthy lifestyles and reduce their quality of life, affecting their health. Aim: To determine the relationship between physical fitness, physical activity and quality of life in Chilean university students. Methods: Quantitative observational study of 131 university students. Variables such as anthropometry, physical condition, physical activity and quality of life were assessed using standardized tests and questionnaires. Results: Significant correlations were found between BMI and strength and negative associations with aerobic capacity. Aerobic capacity was positively associated with psychological health, health perception and quality of life. In addition, higher levels of physical activity were positively associated with better perceived health and quality of life. Discussion: The results suggest the importance of physical condition and physical activity in the health, well-being and quality of life of Chilean university students. Promoting healthy lifestyles could have a positive impact on quality of life. Conclusions: Significant relationships between BMI and different aspects of physical condition, as well as correlations between physical condition and quality of life, and physical activity and quality of life, were found in Chilean university students. These findings support the promotion of healthy lifestyles and highlight the importance of comprehensive interventions to improve physical condition and quality of life among university students in Chile. © Copyright: Federación Española de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educación Física (FEADEF)Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Sperm Transport Through the Female Reproductive Tract
No full textMammalian spermatozoa are highly complex specialized cells that survive a long and fascinating journey from the site of insemination to the upper third of the oviduct, where fertilization occurs. During this journey, these cells have to go through different microenvironments, which provide appropriate conditions for the occurrence of sperm capacitation and acrosome reaction (AR) in the time and place needed. These events need to occur in an extremely synchronized sequence in order to assure that fertilization takes place. The objective of this review article is to describe and analyze the various changes that spermatozoa will experience during their journey through the female genital tract and how they are influenced by the epithelium and secretions present in the cervix, endometrium and oviduct. These microenvironments will prevent the AR from occurring ahead of time as in the case of estrogenic cervical mucus or will stimulate its occurrence as in the case of progesterone, present during ovulation in oviductal fluid. In all cases the female reproductive tract will supply the conditions needed to guarantee survival, capacitation, AR and migration of spermatozoa for subsequent fusion with the oocyte. These microenvironments contain various hormones, neurotransmitters and other metabolites for which spermatozoa have specific receptors through which these substances can modulate their fertilizing potential. The study and understanding of the physiological conditions needed for gamete membrane fusion to occur is an important aspect to be considered both in basic and applied research in reproductive biology
ProTaper Universal Manual Technique in Premolar with Two Roots and Three Root Canals
No full textThe high morphological complexity of premolars, has led to propose different techniques for successful endodontic therapy. The purpose of this report is to describe the ProTaper manual technique in a second mandibular premolar showing a high anatomical complexity. A patient of 19 years old co- mes to the clinic of endodontic in the Regional Hospi- tal (Temuco), diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis on tooth 35. Radiographic examination found that the tooth has two roots. For clinical suspicion of the presence of a third canal a Cone Beam computed tomography was requested, which confirmed the existence of a distolingual canal. Because it is a complex case, the increased taper endodontic technique was performed, allowing us to complete the endodontic therapy in less time and with less difficulty
Foetal Development in Mammals
No full textDuring the fetal period are carried out a series of necessary changes, which prepare the fetus for extrauterine life, culminating embryonic development, leading to this physiological maturation of tissues, organs and systems, along with a rapidly growing body. Well being bought, the species-specific features. Other events of interest are beginning the process of ossification of the bones (short and long), formation of the eyelids; integumentary and other elements besides the surfactant secretion from lungs. In this paper we will make a description of the main events that characterized this period, along with a comparison of them among some domestic mammals
Latent cephalofacial structure of the albanian population of Kosovo
No full textAnthropometric studies began as a methodology in biological anthropology for comparing of the anthropological features of the today’s nations and previous nations too, as well as in screening and diagnosing of malnutrition. It is evident that a large number of studies have been performed on measures of body height, weight, trunk and limb dimensions, subcutaneous fatness and body composition, etc., but less attention has been paid to cephalofacial measurements. The purpose of this research was to study and explain the latent structure of the humans’ cephalofacial variables.
On 754 healthy entities (561 male entities and 193 female entities), aged 18-35 years, were measured 11 cephalofacial variables. The collected data were analyzed through descriptive parameters, Correlation analysis, and Factorial analyses. Correlation analysis confirms the existing of some variables’ sets, which are characterized with the higher correlations between variables within the set. Through the principal component analysis of the Factor Analysis (rotation method direct obliging, Keiser criterion) were extracted four latent factors which explain 66.39 % of the total variance: Factor of intracranial capacity; Transversal factor of the face; Longitudinal factor of the face. Conclusion: The composition of the extracted factors was compatible with the scientific explanation of the anthropologists regarding the development of the head
Synthesis of hot spring origin bacterial cell wall polysaccharide-based copper nanoparticles with antibacterial property
No full textBackground: At present, research on facile, green synthesis of nanoparticles has significantly increased because of its fast, one-step, cost-effective, time-efficient, and non-toxic nature. In this study, we have reported a single-step green synthesis of copper nanoparticles using cell wall polysaccharides of a hot spring origin, thermotolerant Bacillus species. Result: Copper nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectrophotometry, fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, particle size, and zeta potential analyses. UV-visible spectra of synthesized copper nanoparticles exhibited a band cantered between 220–235 nm, characteristic spectra of copper oxide nanoparticles. Infrared spectra showed the band at 490-530 cm−1 corresponding to metal-oxygen or copper nanoparticle vibration, supporting the presence of copper oxide nanoparticles in the monoclinic phase. The energy dispersive spectra of copper nanoparticles exhibited a strong signal from elemental copper. The dynamic Light Scattering pattern confirmed the nanoparticle nature of the studied sample. These nanoparticles showed preferential activity against gram-negative pathogens, Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli. The thermodynamic nature of the nanoparticles is also established for its antibacterial actions. Conclusions: The antibacterial action and its thermodynamics reinforce the possible use of copper nanoparticles as an alternative to commercially available antimicrobials. This study may open a new path for future studies to treat harmful microorganisms resistant to traditional antibiotics in a greener way. How to cite: Banerjee A, Roy RK, Sarkar S, et al. Synthesis of hot spring origin bacterial cell wall polysaccharide-based copper nanoparticles with antibacterial property. Electron J Biotechnol 2024;67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2023.11.005. © 2023 Pontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoDST FIST, (SR/FST/LS-1/2018/188)Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Pensar a Henri Lefebvre hoy: análisis de las políticas de planificación urbana municipales. El caso de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina
No full textEl objetivo de esta publicación es poder comprender las “representaciones del espacio urbano” predominantes entre distintos funcionarios de gobierno que ocuparon diversas funciones vinculadas a la planificación urbana de la ciudad de Córdoba durante la gestión del ex intendente Daniel Giacomino. En particular, nos interesa analizar sus representaciones sobre las situaciones de segregación residencial socioeconómica (SRS) y cómo éstas se tradujeron en distintas “prácticas espaciales” desde lo urbanístico para la atención de esta problemática. Para el análisis de los datos, partimos con algunos aportes teóricos desarrollados por Henri Lefebvre. Mediante su análisis proponemos reflexionar sobre el significado de sus planteamientos para comprender las políticas de planificación urbana municipales en esta ciudad
Fear of failure for entrepreneurs in emerging economies: stress, risk, finances, hard work, and social support
No full textPurpose: Many entrepreneurs often struggle with the fear of failure, which can be detrimental to both their business and personal well-being. To better understand the factors that contribute to this fear, the authors conducted research on the impact of various obstacles, such as limited financial resources, risk aversion, stress and hard work avoidance, and prior business failures. Additionally, the authors explored the effects of social capital in mitigating these obstacles and their relationship to fear of failure in entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach: The authors conducted a survey with 440 young Iraqi entrepreneurs using non-probabilistic and purposive methods. The survey instrument included multiple measuring scales, which were provided in both English and Arabic. The authors analysed valid responses using structural equation modelling (SEM) with partial least squares (PLS). Findings: The findings show that the fear of failure in entrepreneurship is negatively influenced by factors such as limited financial access, risk aversion, and past business failures. However, aversion to stress and hard work did not have a significant impact. The findings also show that social capital could potentially mitigate these negative factors. Research limitations/implications: The theoretical and practical implications of this study manifest in revealing the difficulties entrepreneurs encounter in developing countries like Iraq, where entrepreneurship is vital for economic growth. The study's limitations stem from its focus on one country and the use of a single survey method. Future research could use varied methods across multiple countries for a more comprehensive view. Originality/value: This study sheds light on the factors that are obstacles for entrepreneurs to starting a business in emerging economies like Iraq. © 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited
Structural and transcriptional characterization of pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) gene family during strawberry fruit ripening process
No full textStrawberry is one of the most popular fruits in the world, because their high fruit quality, especially with respect to the combination of aroma, flavor, color, and nutritional compounds. Pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) is the first of two enzymes specifically required for ethanolic fermentation and catalyzes the decarboxylation of pyruvate to yield acetaldehyde and CO2. The ethanol, an important alcohol which acts as a precursor for the ester and other alcohols formation in strawberry, is produced by the PDC. The objective was found all different PDCs genes present in the strawberry genome and investigate PDC gene expression and ligand-protein interactions in strawberry fruit. Volatile organic compounds were evaluated during the development of the fruit. After this, eight FaPDC were identified with four genes that increase the relative expression during fruit ripening process. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to analyze the behavior of Pyr and TPP ligands within the catalytic and regulatory sites of the PDC proteins. Results indicated that energy-restrained simulations exhibited minor fluctuations in ligand-protein interactions, while unrestrained simulations revealed crucial insights into ligand affinity. TPP consistently displayed strong interactions with the catalytic site, emphasizing its pivotal role in enzymatic activity. However, FaPDC6 and FaPDC9 exhibited decreased pyruvate affinity initially, suggesting unique binding characteristics requiring further investigation. Finally, the present study contributes significantly to understanding PDC gene expression and the intricate molecular dynamics underlying strawberry fruit ripening, shedding light on potential targets for further research in this critical biological pathway. © 2024 Elsevier Masson SASFondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, FONDECYT, (1211057, 1220782, 220014, 3220284); Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, FONDECYT; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, ANI