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Anatomo-radiologic Correlation of the Mesial Aspect of the Temporal Lobe and its Application to Epilepsy Surgery
No full textThe study of the mesial aspect has gained importance due to its anatomic complexity and its relationship to the surgical treatment of epilepsy. The aim of this paper is to do an anatomo-radiologic correlation of the morphology and topography of the mesial aspect of the temporal lobe, with its neurosurgical application in the treatment of diseases in the region. Eight (8) adult formalin fixed hemispheres with no pathologic signs were studied. On 4 of them sections within the 3 planes were performed (sagittal, coronal and axial), for radiologic correlation. On the remaining 4, dissection of the mesial region was done, in order to correlate the structures found during surgical approach to the region. Both in the cadaveric hemispheres and in the radiologic images, structures from the mesial region were identified, this included: collateral sulcus, rinal sulcus, parahippocampal gyrus, temporal uncus, hippocampal sulcus, hippocampus with its 3 sectors (head, body and tail), the inferior choroidal point and the collicular point that divides the hippocampus intro 3 sectors (anterior, medium and posterior). With the results obtained, the principal anamoto- radiologic aspects of the approach to the mesial aspect of the temporal lobe were analyzed, comparing them with results of previous reports. The proper knowledge of both morphologic and topographic anatomy of the mesial aspect of the temporal lobe is crucial for both interpreting radiologic studies and a correct surgical approach for surgical treatment of epilepsy
miRNAs in the Odontogenesis Process
No full textMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small RNA molecules noncoding to proteins, which regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level by binding to specific sequences within target genes. miRNAs have been recognized as important regulatory factors in the body development and expression of certain diseases. Some miRNAs regulate the proliferation and differentiation of cells and tissues during odontogenesis
Asociación entre la aptitud física aeróbica y metabolismo glucolítico en futbolistas profesionales varones adultos
No full textObjective: Analyze the association between aerobic physical fitness and glycolytic metabolism in adult male professional Chilean soccer players. As a secondary objective, examine differences between playing positions. Methods: The sample consists of 31 adult professional footballers from a Chilean Primera B club. Aerobic fitness was determined through the Yo-Yo intermittent endurance level I test. A lactate sample was obtained after its completion to analyze the implication of glycolytic metabolism. The Pearson test was performed to identify associations between variables, and the one-way ANOVA test was conducted to analyze differences between playing positions. Results: There is no relationship between aerobic fitness and glycolytic metabolism (r=0.165 and p=0.375). Simi-larly, there are no differences between positions for aerobic fitness (p=0.64) and lactate production (p=0.75). Conclusion: The per-formance in oxygen-dependent efforts is not related to glycolytic capacity for this sample of professional footballers. Therefore, it is not possible to project influences between the variables, nor based on the playing position. © 2024 Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica. All rights reserved.Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Removal of Mo(VI), Pb(II), and Cu(II) from wastewater using electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan biopolymer fibers
No full textEnvironmentally friendly polymers such as cellulose acetate (CA) and chitosan (CS) were used to obtain electrospun fibers for Cu2+, Pb2+, and Mo6+ capture. The solvents dichloromethane (DCM) and dimethylformamide (DMF) allowed the development of a surface area of 148 m2 g−1 for CA fibers and 113 m2 g−1 for cellulose acetate/chitosan (CA/CS) fibers. The fibers were characterized by IR-DRIFT, SEM, TEM, CO2 sorption isotherms at 273 K, Hg porosimetry, TGA, stress-strain tests, and XPS. The CA/CS fibers had a higher adsorption capacity than CA fibers without affecting their physicochemical properties. The capture capacity reached 102 mg g−1 for Cu2+, 49.3 mg g−1 for Pb2+, and 13.1 mg g−1 for Mo6+. Furthermore, optimal pH, adsorption times qt, and C0 were studied for the evaluation of kinetic models and adsorption isotherms. Finally, a proposal for adsorbate-adsorbent interactions is presented as a possible capture mechanism where, in the case of Mo6+, a computational study is presented. The results demonstrate the potential to evaluate the fibers in tailings wastewater from copper mining. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.Vicerrectoría de Postgrado - Universidad de Santiago de Chile; ANID-Fondecyt; European Social Fund Plus, ESF; Center for the Development of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology; ANID-Subdirección de Capital Humano; Generalitat Valenciana, GVA, (RYC2021-034199-I, MCIN/ AEI /10.13039/501100011033, CIPROM/2021/70); Generalitat Valenciana, GVA; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, FONDECYT, (3210179); Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, FONDECYT; Doctorado Nacional 2020, (21210508); Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, ANID, (1220366); Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, ANID; Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y la Nanotecnología, CEDENNA, (AFB 220001, 1220093); Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y la Nanotecnología, CEDENN
Maltrato y no maltrato infantil. Relevancia de la anatomía clínica forense. Presentación de un caso
No full textIn a recently published article, Andrea Porzionato et al, they expose the relevance of Forensic Clinical Anatomy as a tool in judicial strata when there are medical-legal implications for suspected child abuse and the presence of anatomical variants and traumatic injuries that at any given time are difficult to differentiate. A case is reported where the careful dissection of a minor’s body reveals a congenital malformation of the genital-urinary tract that causes repeated urinary tract infections resulting in sepsis and death, based on this description and the context of death is determined that death is associated with child abuse from lack of medical attention.En un artículo de reciente publicación, Andrea Porzionato et al, exponen la relevancia de la Anatomía Clínica Forense como una herramienta en los estrados judiciales cuando hay implicaciones médico-legales ante la sospecha de maltrato infantil y ante la presencia de variantes anatómicas y de lesiones traumáticas que en un momento dado son difíciles de diferenciar. Se hace reporte de un caso donde la cuidadosa disección del cadáver de una menor revela una malformación congénita del tracto génito-urinario que ocasiona infecciones urinarias a repetición derivando en sepsis y muerte, con base en esta descripción y el contexto del fallecimiento se determina que la muerte está asociada a maltrato infantil por la falta de atención médica
Effectiveness of short sprint interval training in women with major depressive disorder: a proof-of-concept study
No full textBackground: High-intensity intermittent training has emerged as an option for treating major depressive disorder (MDD). However, short sprint training (sSIT), an efficient HIIT modality, has not been tested yet for this purpose. The sSIT has been proven to induce the same metabolic adaptations, with the advantage of promoting lower muscle fatigue than other HIIT protocols. Methods: Seventeen adult women diagnosed with moderate/severe MDD were randomly allocated into a sSIT group (n=9) or a control condition (n=8). The sSIT group completed, over two weeks, six 6-10-min sessions which consisted of 3-12 “all out” sprints of 5 s interspersed with low-intensity recovery of 30-45 s. The week before and after the intervention, both groups were evaluated with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale of 21-itens (HAM-D21), and for physical fitness and incidental physical activity. Results: The sSIT group exhibited significant improvements for HAM-D21 scores (24.6±8.2 vs. 16.8±10.1), maximum aerobic power (140±15 vs. 155±15 W), countermovement jump (13.0±3.4 vs. 14.9±3.1 cm), % of body fatness (32.4±4.4 vs. 29.3±3.8%), and 4-days number of steps (13,626±11,309 vs. 16,643±15,371) after the training period when compared to the control group. Conclusion: Less than 1 hour of a sSIT protocol over two weeks have demonstrated to reduce depressive symptoms, while improving aerobic fitness and body composition, and increasing incidental physical activity in a sample of women diagnosed with MDD. Copyright © 2024 Ribeiro, Schuch, Tonello, Meneghel Vargas, Oliveira-Junior, Müller and Boullosa.Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, UFMS, (141/2024); Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, UFMS; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq, (Universal 433052/2018-0); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPqUniversidad Autónoma de Chil
CONFIANZA EN EL GOBIERNO LOCAL Y CAPACIDADES INSTITUCIONALES DE LOS MUNICIPIOS CHILENOS: UN ANÁLISIS MULTINIVEL
No full textLas municipalidades son consideradas como la primera cara del Estado para los ciudadanos. A su vez, los gobiernos locales presentan mayores niveles de confianza en comparación con otras instituciones políticas. A pesar de ello, los estudios sobre las municipalidades no son tan abundantes como otros en la ciencia política chilena. En este sentido, existen casi nulos estudios que vinculen la confianza política y las capacidades institucionales a nivel local. Sumado a ello, dicha escasez es aún mayor cuando se consideran diversos niveles de medición para el examen de fenómenos políticos a escala local y de las personas. Para contribuir con cubrir lentamente esas brechas, la pregunta de investigación de este estudio es si las capacidades institucionales de las municipalidades inciden en la confianza política que las personas depositan en ellas y, de existir tal influencia, cómo es dicha relación. Para dar respuesta a dicha interrogante, se desarrolla un estudio cuantitativo con el objetivo de testear desde un nivel contextual, el municipio, el efecto de las capacidades institucionales (administrativa-técnica; extractiva/fiscal, y política) sobre las percepciones ciudadanas referentes a la confianza en la municipalidad. Dado que se combinan dos niveles de medición, el individual y el comunal, se propone un análisis multinivel con datos recogidos desde el Proyecto de Opinión Pública de América Latina (LAPOP) 2016, datos electorales oficiales y datos del sistema de información municipal chileno. Las principales conclusiones son que las capacidades institucionales tienen efectos sobre la confianza en los gobiernos locales desde una dinámica multinivel, y que la interacción entre las distintas dimensiones de la capacidad institucional tiene efectos moderadores. Es decir, las capacidades institucionales de las municipalidades, en tanto contexto, afectan las percepciones, actitudes y comportamientos de los ciudadanos
Discriminación a los consumidores: una valoración a partir de la Ley española de competencia desleal
No full textLa regulación española de discriminación a los consumidores en la Ley de competencia desleal queda desubicada del Capítulo III de la Ley dedicado a las prácticas comerciales con consumidores, a pesar de que estos sean su objeto de protección. El trabajo analiza la citada regulación, los pronunciamientos judiciales sobre esta cuestión y reflexiona sobre nuevas formas de discriminación a los consumidores al amparo de la citada normativa
Overall diet quality, food groups and mental health disorders among Brazilians older than 15 years old: Brazilian National Health Survey – 2019
No full textBackground: Adherence to a nutrient-dense diet can have an impact on depression and other mental health issues. Little is known whether this is attributed to some or all components and how these differ in a country that is known to have a vast diversity of nutrient-dense foods. The aim was to examine whether there is a relationship between individual food groups with depression and other mental health disorders. Methods: Data was from 89,955 Brazilians from the National Health Survey. Mental health and diet were accessed using a screener questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and regression analyses were calculated. Results: Persons living with depression had significantly lower diet scores for vegetables/fruits (β = −0.08, 95 % CI -0.13, −0.02), grains/roots (β = -0.05; 95%CI (−0.07, −0.03)), beans (β = -0.03; 95%CI (−0.04, −0.01)) and higher scores for sweetened beverages (β = 0.04; 95%CI (0.01, 0.07)), sweets and sugars (β = 0.03; 95%CI (0.01, 0.05) and high fat/sodium products (β = 0.04; 9%CI (0.01, 0.07). Individuals living with other mental disorders showed lower scores for grains/roots (β = -0.03; 95%CI (−0.06, −0.01)) and higher scores for sweets and sugars (β = 0.06; 95%CI (0.03, 0.09)) and high fat/sodium products (β = 0.05; 95%CI (0.01, 0.09)). Conclusion: People with mental health disorders are more likely to have an unhealthy diet. Relationships were slightly stronger with depression in particular food groups as other mental disorders. Further studies are needed to help in the prevention of these disorders. © 2024 Elsevier B.V
Dominancia colectiva: Análisis de la sentencia del pasado 25 de junio de 2018, en que la Corte suprema acogió la reclamación deducida por la Corporación Nacional de Consumidores y Usuarios de Chile, Asociación de Consumidores en contra de la Sentencia Nº 154/2016 del Tribunal de Defensa de la Libre Competencia
No full textEl presente comentario analizará la sentencia del pasado 25 de junio de 2018, en que la Corte Suprema acogió la reclamación deducida por la Corporación Nacional de Consumidores y Usuarios de Chile, Asociación de Consumidores (indistintamente “Conadecus” o la “Demandante”) en contra de la Sentencia Nº 154/2016 del Tribunal de Defensa de la Libre Competencia (“TDLC”), pronunciada con fecha 15 de septiembre de 2016, en la que se rechazó, con expresa condena en costas, la demanda de Conadecus en contra de Telefónica Móviles Chile S.A. (“Telefónica”), Claro Chile S.A. (“Claro”) y Entel PCS Telecomunicaciones S.A. (“Entel” y conjuntamente con Telefónica y Claro, las “Demandadas”).
Más allá del análisis específico del ilícito infraccional del artículo 3º letra b) del Decreto Ley Nº 211, en los siguientes párrafos se analizará uno de los presupuestos para la configuración de un abuso de posición dominante, a saber, la existencia de una posición de dominio y, en lo que importa al fallo, la dominancia colectiva.