Repositorio académico de acceso abierto (Univ. Autonóma de Chile)
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Caracterización del entrenamiento de la fuerza en futbolistas profesionales y semi-profesionales de las ligas españolas
No full textThe fundamental objective of this study has been to characterize the methods of strength training in professional and semiprofessional soccer players in the Spanish leagues and to determine which variables can influence their selection. For this non-experimental, cross-sectional study, 35 physical trainers from professional and semi-professional teams from the Spanish leagues participated: 3 from the first division, 3 from the second division, 11 from the first federation, 14 from the second federation, and 4 from the third federation. To obtain information about their practices and evaluations of strength training, a specific questionnaire was designed, validated by nine expert judges. The most relevant findings indicate that neither the level of experience as a physical trainer, the category of the team in which they trained, nor level as soccer players, were variables that were capable of causing differences in the importance of the use of one or another average employee o training method. The drags were considered the most effective training method, however, plyometric is the most used training method, with significant differences with the rest of the training methods. Basically six great means or methods of strength training in the semi-professional and professional soccer player were identified: squats, drags, slopes, weightlifting, plyometric and contrasts. © Copyright: Federación Española de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educación Física (FEADEF) ISSN: Edición impresa:Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Exploring Diet and Nutrient Insufficiencies across Age Groups: Insights from a Population-Based Study of Brazilian Adults
No full textAssessing dietary inadequacies can contribute to understanding the nutritional vulnerabilities of a country. This study aimed to investigate nutrient intakes and micronutrient inadequacies in the Brazilian adult population, with an interest in different age subgroups. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 1812 individuals aged 19 to 65 years from a population-based study with a representative sample of Brazilian adults. Dietary intake was assessed by two 24 h food recalls, and the probabilities of inadequate intake were estimated using the Dietary Reference Intake targets. Adequate macronutrient intake was over 99% for proteins, 84.7% for carbohydrates, and 80.7% for total fats. There was a high probability of inadequacy (above 90%) for vitamins D and E, but vitamin D inadequacy was very similar between the sexes. In contrast, vitamin E was more likely to be inadequately consumed among women. A high probability of inadequacies (above 85%) of calcium and magnesium were found in the population, regardless of age group. Except for iron, the probability of an inadequacy of other minerals increased with age. The results showed a relevant proportion of nutrient inadequacies, with those most at risk being women and older individuals, helping with the better targeting and monitoring of public-health policies that address nutritional problems in the population. © 2024 by the authors.Coca-Cola Company; Instituto Pensi/Hospital Infantil SabaraUniversidad Autónoma de Chil
Proprioceptive innervation of the human lips
No full textThe objective of this study was to analyze the proprioceptive innervation of human lips, especially of the orbicularis oris muscle, since it is classically accepted that facial muscles lack typical proprioceptors, that is, muscle spindles, but recently this has been doubted. Upper and lower human lips (n = 5) from non-embalmed frozen cadavers were immunostained for detection of S100 protein (to identify nerves and sensory nerve formations), myosin heavy chain (to label muscle fibers within muscle spindles), and the mechano-gated ion channel PIEZO2. No muscle spindles were found, but there was a high density of sensory nerve formations, which were morphologically heterogeneous, and in some cases resemble Ruffini-like and Pacinian sensory corpuscles. The axons of these sensory formations displayed immunoreactivity for PIEZO2. Human lip muscles lack typical proprioceptors but possess a dense sensory innervation which can serve the lip proprioception. © 2023 The Authors. The Anatomical Record published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Association for Anatomy.FUO; Marta Sánchez-Pitiot; Universidad de OviedoUniversidad Autónoma de Chil
Mejoras en el esquema tecnológico para lograr incrementos en la eficiencia energética en un central azucarero
No full textThe current study starts from the description of the thermal scheme of the sugar plant to be evaluated. This scheme basically has a ground potential of 49.67 kg/s, the installed electrical capacity of 6,5 MW, and two Retal-type steam generators whichhave a nominal capacity of 60 t/h each, and a superheated vapor pressure of 1 930 kPa at (350 °C). The fundamental objective of the research was to carry out the thermoenergetic balance of said plant, in order to know the equipment with the higheststeam consumption and the energy distribution in the process. For this, a classical methodology of mass and energy balance was selected where, based on the analysis of the main global indicators, being the % of excess bagasse, specific consumptionof steam in the factory, as well as electricity sold to the network, they allowed identifying opportunities for improvements in order to achieve an increase in electricity production and deliver more energy to the National Electroenergetic System (SEN),as well as reduce the steam consumption of the factory. These modifications were in the replacement of the 2,5 MW back pressure type turbogenerator with one of 4 MW, as well as the concentration of the juices. Through the implementationof these proposals, an increase in the delivery of electricity to the SEN of 8,88 kWh/ton of sugarcane was achieved for a reduction of steam consumption in the factory of 25,56%. Finally, from the economic point of view, the increase in income for the plant is compared, achieving in this case a surplus of 35,008,060.9 USD/harvest.Este estudio parte de la descripción del esquema térmico del central azucarero a evaluar, el cual cuenta con una molida potencial de 49,67 kg/s, la capacidad eléctrica instalada de 6,5 MW, y con dos generadores de vapor del tipo Retal, los cuales tienen una capacidad nominal de 60 t/h cada uno, y una presión de vapor sobrecalentado de 1 930 kPa a (350o C). El objetivo fundamental de la investigación fue la realización del balance termoenergético de dicho central, con el propósito de conocer los equipos con mayor consumo de vapor y la distribución de la energía en el proceso. Su utilizó una metodologíaclásica de balance de masa y energía donde a partir del análisis de los principales indicadores globales, siendo ellos el porcentaje de bagazo sobrante, consumo específico de vapor en fábrica, así como electricidad vendida a la red. Al analizardichos indicadores se pudo identificar oportunidades de mejora con el fin de lograr un aumento en la producción eléctrica y entregar mayor energía al Sistema Electroenergético Nacional (SEN), así como disminuir el consumo de vapor de la fábrica.Las modificaciones implementadas luego del análisis fueron la sustitución del turbogenerador del tipo contrapresión de potencia 2,5 MW por uno de 4 MW, así como la concentración de los jugos. Mediante la implementación de estas propuestasse logró un incremento en la entrega de electricidad al SEN de 8,88 kWh/ton de caña para una reducción del consumo de vapor en la fábrica de 25,56 %. Finalmente, se compara desde el punto de vista económico el incremento en los ingresos parael central, lográndose para este caso un excedente de 35 008 060.9 USD/zafra
Maxillary Sinus Floor Elevation
No full textThe sinus lift is a procedure that is used frequently in oral surgery, different techniques exist to perform this procedure approaches, which allow the surgeon to give a sufficient bone height for planning a rehabilitative treatment with implant at the required site. In this case the unilateral lifting of the maxillary sinus floor by buccal bone window, with subsequent implant placement and lyophilized human bone in a single surgical procedure
Género, intimidad y poder: uso de medios digitales en interacciones románticas en jóvenes chilenos
No full textThis paper explores the practices and meanings Chilean university students (N = 60) deploy in their digitally-mediated romantic relationships and the gendered normativity that governs these interactions. We use a qualitative approach based on semi-structured interviews. Our results evidenced the persistence of gendered codes that restrict the expression of female sexuality, which demonstrates how inequalities of symbolic power are reinforced in the virtual realm. © 2024 Universidad de Guadalajara. All rights reserved.Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Uso de laser de baja potencia (LLLT) como coadyuvante en tratamiento con terapias combinadas en paciente con Parálisis Facial Periférica (PFP): Reporte de Caso
No full textPeripheral Facial Palsy is a neurological disorder that has motor and sensory consequences and affects the facial nerve. It causes alterations in the action of the muscles of the face, in the secretion of saliva, tears, and in the sense of taste. The objective of this publication is to report a case in which a treatment with minimally invasive combined therapies was performed together with the use of low-level laser therapy, in a 52-yearold female patient. With relevant medical history, referred for aesthetic evaluation and with unresolved moderate facial paralysis. She was subjected to laser therapy with wavelength (808 nm) and an energy of 3 Joules per session on the affected side, supplemented with Botulinum Toxin Type A, on the healthy side. The treatment of peripheral facial paralysis with minimally invasive combined therapies has proven to be a useful therapeutic tool for facial sequelae. In turn, low-level laser photobiomodulation therapy is promising as an adjunct in the nerve repair process, which would allow functional recovery of the facial nerve in the medium and long term.La parálisis facial periférica es un trastorno neurológico que tiene consecuencias motoras y sensoriales y que afecta al nervio facial. Ocasiona alteraciones en la acción de los músculos del rostro, en la secreción de saliva, lágrimas y en el sentido del gusto. El objetivo de esta publicación es dar cuenta de un caso en el que se realizó un tratamiento con terapias combinadas mínimamente invasivas junto con el uso de láserterapia de baja potencia, en un paciente femenino, 52 años de edad, con antecedentes médicos relevantes, derivada para evaluación estética. La paciente presenta una parálisis facial moderada sin resolver. Fue sometida a láserterapia con longitud de onda (808 nm) y una energía de 3 Joules por sesión en el lado afectado, complementada con toxina botulinica Tipo A, en el lado sano. El tratamiento de parálisis facial periférica con terapias combinadas mínimamente invasivas ha mostrado ser una herramienta útil terapéutica de las secuelas faciales. A su vez, la terapia de fotobiomodulación con láser de baja potencia es prometedora como coadyuvante en el proces
Effect of Christmas Holidays on Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Users of Glucose Flash Systems
No full textObjective: Christmas holidays can impact weight and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes, but their effect on type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains understudied. This study assessed how Christmas holidays affect individuals with T1D who use flash continuous glucose monitoring systems. Methods: This retrospective study involved 812 adults diagnosed with T1D recruited from 3 hospitals. Clinical, anthropometric, and socioeconomic data were collected. Glucose metrics from 14 days before January 1st, and before December 1st and February 1st as control periods, were recorded. Analyses adjusted for multiple variables were conducted to assess the holiday season's impact on glycemic control. Results: The average time in range during the holidays (60.0 ± 17.2%) was lower compared to December (61.9 ± 17.2%, P 180 mg/dL) was higher during Christmas (35.8 ± 18.2%) compared to December (34.1 ± 18.3%, P 250 mg/dL, coefficient of variation, and average glucose (P 180 mg/dL by 1.8% (β = 1.75, P =.016). Conclusion: Christmas holidays are associated with a mild and reversible deterioration in glucose metrics among individuals with T1D using flash continuous glucose monitoring, irrespective of additional influencing factors. These discoveries can be useful to advise individuals with diabetes during the festive season and to recognize potential biases within studies conducted during this timeframe. © 2024 AAC
Association of daily steps on lipid and glycaemic profiles in children: The mediator role of cardiorespiratory fitness
No full textAim: To analyse, in schoolchildren, the relationship between daily steps with metabolic parameters; and to examine whether this association is mediated by cardiorespiratory-fitness (CRF). Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a feasibility trial was performed in children from two primary schools in Cuenca, Spain. Daily steps were measured using the Xiaomi MI Band 3. Lipid and glycaemic profiles were analysed from blood samples. CRF was assessed using the 20-m shuttle run test. ANCOVA models were used to test the mean differences by daily steps quartiles. Mediation analyses were conducted to examine whether CRF mediates the association between daily steps and lipid and glycaemic parameters. Results: A total of 159 schoolchildren (aged 9–12 years, 53% female) were included in the analysis. Schoolchildren in the highest daily steps quartiles (>10 000 steps) showed significantly lower triglycerides and insulin levels (p = 0.004 and 0.002, respectively). This association did not remain after controlling for CRF. In mediation analyses, a significant indirect effect was observed through CRF in the relationship between daily steps with triglycerides and insulin. Conclusion: Children who daily accumulate more than 10 000 steps have better lipid and metabolic profile, and CRF mediated their relationship in schoolchildren. © 2023 The Authors. Acta Paediatrica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Foundation Acta Paediatrica.European Social Fund Plus, ESF, (2020‐PREDUCLM‐16746); Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, UCLMUniversidad Autónoma de Chil
Barriers to Adopting Advanced Work Packaging (AWP) in Construction
No full textThis study presents a systematic literature review (SLR) of the Advanced Work Packaging (AWP) methodology, focusing on identifying barriers to its adoption. The review encompasses an analysis of 287 documents from 2013 to 2023, including conference articles, doctoral theses, journal articles, master theses, reports, and organizational documents. Following a rigorous selection process, 59 of these documents were identified as pertinent to the investigation. This research employs a dual approach. First, a scientometric analysis to map the collaborative networks of authors and the co-occurrence of keywords, providing a comprehensive picture of the research landscape in AWP. Second, the study delves into the main barriers hindering the adoption of AWP, as revealed through the SLR of the selected documents. The findings offer an overlay network visualization of coauthorship and a network visualization of keyword co-occurrence. The study culminates in a detailed identification of primary AWP barriers, suggestions for future research directions, and potential lines of inquiry within the field. This work contributes to the existing body of knowledge by offering a novel perspective on the challenges associated with AWP implementation and provides a foundation for future scholarly endeavors in this domain. © 2024 by the authors.Universidad Autónoma de Chil