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Scattering resonances in the rotational excitation of HDO by Ne and normal-H2: theory and experiment
No full textThe rotational excitation of a singly deuterated water molecule (HDO) by a heavy atom (Ne) and a light diatomic molecule (H2) is investigated theoretically and experimentally in the near-threshold regime. Crossed-molecular-beam measurements with a variable crossing angle are compared to close-coupling calculations based on high-accuracy potential energy surfaces. The two lowest rotational transitions, 000 → 101 and 000 → 111, are probed in detail and a good agreement between theory and experiment is observed for both transitions in the case of HDO + Ne, where scattering resonances are however blurred out experimentally. In the case of HDO + H2, the predicted theoretical overlapping resonances are faithfully reproduced by experiment for the 000 → 111 transition, while the calculated strong signal for the 000 → 101 transition is not detected. Future work is needed to reconcile this discrepancy. © 2024 The Royal Society of ChemistryAgence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR; ANR-Waterstars, (ANR-20-CE31-0011); ECOS-SUD, (C22E02)Universidad Autónoma de Chil
The endophytic fungus Serendipita indica affects auxin distribution in Arabidopsis thaliana roots through alteration of auxin transport and conjugation to promote plant growth
No full textPlants share their habitats with a multitude of different microbes. This close vicinity promoted the evolution of interorganismic interactions between plants and many different microorganisms that provide mutual growth benefits both to the plant and the microbial partner. The symbiosis of Arabidopsis thaliana with the beneficial root colonizing endophyte Serendipita indica represents a well-studied system. Colonization of Arabidopsis roots with S. indica promotes plant growth and stress tolerance of the host plant. However, until now, the molecular mechanism by which S. indica reprograms plant growth remains largely unknown. This study used comprehensive transcriptomics, metabolomics, reverse genetics, and life cell imaging to reveal the intricacies of auxin-related processes that affect root growth in the symbiosis between A. thaliana and S. indica. Our experiments revealed the sustained stimulation of auxin signalling in fungus infected Arabidopsis roots and disclosed the essential role of tightly controlled auxin conjugation in the plant–fungus interaction. It particularly highlighted the importance of two GRETCHEN HAGEN 3 (GH3) genes, GH3.5 and GH3.17, for the fungus infection-triggered stimulation of biomass production, thus broadening our knowledge about the function of GH3s in plants. Furthermore, we provide evidence for the transcriptional alteration of the PIN2 auxin transporter gene in roots of Arabidopsis seedlings infected with S. indica and demonstrate that this transcriptional adjustment affects auxin signalling in roots, which results in increased plant growth. © 2024 The Author(s). Plant, Cell & Environment published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Effectiveness of eHealth Interventions Promoting Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textBackground: eHealth interventions have been postulated as a feasible, acceptable, and possibly effective tool to promote physical activity (PA) among children and adolescents; however, a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the effects of eHealth interventions promoting PA is lacking. Objective: This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on experimental studies reporting the effects of eHealth interventions aimed at promoting PA on PA parameters and sedentary behavior parameters in children and adolescents. Methods: The CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to February 2022 for randomized controlled trials that analyzed the effects of eHealth interventions aimed at promoting PA on PA and sedentary parameters in children and adolescents. The Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman random effects method was used to determine the mean differences (MDs) with their respective 95% CIs. The risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias 2 (RoB2; Cochrane) tool and its extension for cluster randomized controlled trials. The certainty of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool. Results: A total of 20 trials reporting the effects of different eHealth interventions aimed at promoting PA were included. Results for each parameter were as follows: counts per minute (MD −16.11 counts, 95% CI −122.76 to 90.53; k=3; n=402; I2=69%; favoring control), steps per day (MD 593.46 steps, 95% CI −2102.27 to 3289.19; k=2; n=152; I2=0%; favoring intervention [FI]), moderate to vigorous PA (MD −1.99 min/d, 95% CI −8.95 to 4.96; k=14; n=2336; I2=86%; favoring control), light PA (MD 3.28 min/d, 95% CI −15.48 to 22.04; k=5; n=355; I2=67%; FI), screen time (MD −31.48 min/d, 95% CI −68.62 to 5.65; k=5; n=904; I2=0%; FI), and sedentary time (MD −33.12 min/d, 95% CI −57.27 to −8.97; k=8; n=819; I2=75%; FI). Our results should be interpreted cautiously because of important limitations such as the scarcity of evidence, overall risk of bias, and low to very low certainty of evidence. Conclusions: We did not find conclusive evidence regarding the impact of PA-targeted eHealth interventions on PA parameters, but the very low certainty of evidence suggests that eHealth interventions may reduce sedentary time in children and adolescents. Our results may have important scientific implications as they highlight that the rapid development of eHealth interventions to promote PA lacks robust supporting evidence. ©Irene Sequí-Domínguez, Iván Cavero-Redondo, Celia Álvarez-Bueno, Jose Francisco López-Gil, Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno, Carlos Pascual-Morena.Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, UCLM, (2018-CPUCLM-7939); European Regional Development Fund, ERDFUniversidad Autónoma de Chil
La responsabilidad civil del abogado: algunas consideraciones sobre su naturaleza jurídica, el incumplimiento, la configuración del daño y su cuantificación en el Derecho español
No full textLa exigencia de responsabilidad civil al abogado que no ajusta su conducta a la lex artis es un fenómeno creciente en Europa y, especialmente, en España. Estas demandas exigen acreditar el incumplimiento o la negligencia del abogado, el daño y la relación de causalidad entre aquel y este. En este trabajo nos centraremos en la identificación del daño en aquellos supuestos en que el abogado con su conducta priva al cliente del derecho a que su pretensión sea examinada por los tribunales, del acceso a la tutela judicial, planteándose, además, cómo se ha de calificar y valorarse el daño por la pérdida de la oportunidad, atendiendo a los pronunciamientos judiciales
Los retos de los gobiernos locales para consolidar la innovación ante el proceso de recentralización en México
No full textEl objetivo del trabajo es analizar los retos que la reciente tendencia recentralizadora impone a los gobiernos locales mexicanos para consolidar las innovaciones alcanzadas como resultado del proceso de descentralización iniciado en la década de los ochentas del siglo pasado. En este trabajo se ha identificado la existencia de diferentes trayectorias de difusión de las inno- vaciones en política pública entre los municipios de México y se observa que una innovación es transferida a distintos territorios del país y en distintos momentos en los últimos doce años, además se encontró que existen inno- vaciones persisten en el tiempo. Sin embargo el argumento de este trabajo reconoce que dichos avances en materia de innovación en política pública municipal se encuentran en riesgo debido a las acciones recentralizadoras realizadas durante últimos años en el país
Efficacy of Sutures of the Ala Bases and in the Form of V-Y Labial in Patients Subject to the Surgically Assisted Expansion of Maxila
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of the Nasal Alar Bases suture (N.A.B.S.) and V-Y lip suture (V-Y.L.S.) in the maintenance of the distance between the nasal alar bases (N.A.B.) and the red lips display (R.L.D.) in patients operated for correction of crossbite with maxillary atresia. We evaluated 9 patients, 4 who received the above mentioned sutures, and 5 who received simple sutures. It was evaluated the measures N.A.B. and R.L.D. in the preoperative phase, postoperative, and after 7 and 450 days. Measurements of N.A.B. were stable throughout the experimental period in N.A.B.S. and V-Y.L.S. group, while the group receiving simple sutures there was an increase of this measure in the postoperative period and a decrease after 450 days. The N.A.B.S. and V-Y.L.S. group showed a significant increase in R.L.D. in immediate postoperative period, reducing slightly after 7 days, and presenting a significant loss in the final assessment, showing an even lower value than the mean preoperative. N.A.B.S. was effective in the short and medium term in controlling unwanted nasal enlargement in patients undergoing E.M.C.A. In the immediate postoperative period, there is an increased R.L.D., but long-term reduction of the R.L.D. occurs in all E.M.C.A. patients, regardless of the type of suture used
Servicios complementarios de la habitabilidad en las viviendas de la zona metropolitana de Toluca
No full textEl marco de habitabilidad integra el conjunto de fuerzas motrices que refiere a la urbanización de la zona metropolitana con el crecimiento urbano y estrechamente está ligado con el crecimiento de la población. Esta investigación estudia y evalúa los servicios complementarios que permite que exista la habitabilidad de las viviendas en la zona metropolitana de Toluca a nivel de ageb urbano, entendida como el espacio que cubre la necesidad humana de residencia, con accesibilidad a servicios públicos (agua potable, energía eléctrica, drenaje, saneamiento), materiales de construcción durables y acordes a las condiciones ambientales y geográficas, así como la cercanía con las fuentes de trabajo, educación, salud y recreación, sin riesgos (Ávila, 2016).
En el estudio se integra los datos oficiales de las viviendas ubicadas en el entorno donde estás se localizan según el Directorio Estadístico Nacional de Unidades Económicas (denue, 2014) del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (inegi).
Para evaluar la habitabilidad de las viviendas por medio del método del indicador de accesibilidad, este se construye mediante la estimación de servicios, el cual está integrado por la accesibilidad a seis servicios complementarios, empleo, salud, educación, abasto, áreas verdes y recreación.
Como parte de los resultados obtenidos de la aplicación del método durante la generación del índice de habitabilidad, existe un claro patrón centro-periferia, donde las zonas con mayores ventajas corresponden a las partes centrales de los municipios de Toluca y Metepec en la parte central de la conformación física metropolitana. Esta situación es derivada de su expansión urbana más recientemente y por los procesos de migración intermunicipales que se presenta en las actividades socioeconómicas con los municipios colindantes
Tendiendo Puentes entre la Ciencia y la Sociedad: El Rol de los Centros Universitarios de Comunicación Científica
No full textThe article addresses the interaction between science and society, focusing on the role of higher education institutions in promoting scientific literacy and knowledge management. It presents the case of a university Science Communication Center (SCC), exploring how this center contributes to effective linking between academia and the community through a dynamic knowledge management model. This model is structured in three phases: knowledge generation, knowledge transfer, and societal feedback, thus facilitating a continuous cycle of interaction and improvement. The article highlights the importance of scientific education from an early age and how it influences public perception and the utility of science in everyday life. It discusses the need for more robust public policies to address inequalities in access and performance in science and technology in Chile, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the SCC’s open science approach is emphasized, which seeks to democratize access to scientific knowledge and foster more active public participation in science. The document concludes that, despite challenges such as funding and impact measurement, effective management of scientific knowledge and public science communication are essential for an informed and engaged society. This case serves as a reference for other institutions aspiring to enhance the interaction between science and society, highlighting the transformative role that universities can play in this process. © 2024 Universidad Autonoma de Chile. All rights reserved.Universidad Autónoma de Chil
The acute effect of exercise on the endothelial glycocalyx in healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textBackground: In recent years, it has been demonstrated that when the endothelial glycocalyx, composed of proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins, is altered or modified, this property is lost, playing a fundamental role in cardiovascular pathologies. Cardiovascular risk factors can destroy the endothelial glycocalyx layer. Exercise has a positive effect on cardiovascular risk factors, but little is known about its direct effect on the integrity of the endothelial layer. Methods: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched from their inception to June 30, 2022. The DerSimonian and Laird method was used to compute pooled effect size estimates and their respective 95% confidence intervals for the acute effect of exercise (within 24 h) on the endothelial glycocalyx and its components in healthy adults. Results: Ten studies were included in the meta-analysis, with a total of 252 healthy subjects. The types of exercise included were resistance training, interval training, resistance training and maximal incremental exercise, with a duration range of 30–60 min. Glycocalyx assessment times included ranged from 0 to 90 min post-exercise. Our findings showed that endothelial glycocalyx increases after acute effect of exercise in healthy population (.56, 95% CI:.38,.74). The acute effect of exercise on endothelial glycocalyx components were.47 (95% CIs:.27,.67) for glycosaminoglycans,.67 (95% CIs:.08, 1.26) for proteoglycans and.61 (95% CIs:.35,.86) for glycoproteins. Conclusions: In a healthy population, various types of exercise showed an acute improvement of the endothelial glycocalyx and its individual components. © 2024 The Authors. European Journal of Clinical Investigation published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Stichting European Society for Clinical Investigation Journal Foundation.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, MCIN; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII; European Commission, EC; International Olive Council; European Regional Development Fund, ERDF; European Social Fund Plus, ESF, (PI21/00008, RD21/0016/0025, 2020‐PREDUCLM‐16746); European Social Fund Plus, ESFUniversidad Autónoma de Chil