Repositorio académico de acceso abierto (Univ. Autonóma de Chile)
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Green hydrogen integration in aluminum recycling: Techno-economic analysis towards sustainability transition in the expanding aluminum market
No full textThe use of aluminum-based products is widespread and growing, particularly in industries such as automotive, food packaging, and construction. Obtaining aluminum is expensive and energy-intensive, making the recycling of existing products essential for economic and environmental viability. This work explores the potential of using green hydrogen as a replacement for natural gas in the smelting and refining furnaces in aluminum recycling facilities. The adoption of green hydrogen has the potential to curtail approximately 4.54 ktons/year of CO2 emissions, rendering it a sustainable and economically advantageous solution. The work evaluates the economic viability of a case study through assessing the Net Present Value (NPV) and the Internal Rate of Return (IRR). Furthermore, it is employed single- and multi-parameter sensitivity analyses to obtain insight on the most relevant conditions to achieve economic viability. Results demonstrate that integrating on-site green hydrogen generation yields a favorable NPV of €57,370, an IRR of 9.83%, and a 19.63-year payback period. The primary factors influencing NPV are the initial electricity consumption stack and the H2 price. © 2024 The Author(s)Apoyo para Estadías de Investigación en el Extranjero para Académicos Jerarquizados Asociados y Titulares; Universidad de Santiago de Chile, (051611SN); Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, UAdeC; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, ANID, (ING222010005)Universidad Autónoma de Chil
PREVENÇÃO E COMBATE À CORRUPÇÃO, TRANSPARÊNCIA E ACESSO À INFORMAÇÃO: A PERCEPÇÃO DOS CONSELHEIROS GESTORES DE EDUCAÇÃO DA CIDADE DE VILHENA
No full textEste artigo teve por finalidade analisar a percepção dos conselheiros gestores de educação da cidade de Vilhena em relação à prevenção e ao combate à corrupção e à transparência e ao acesso à informação. Como amostra, foram utilizados os conselhos de educação do município. A pesquisa, realizada em duas etapas, caracterizou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa e seus objetivos apresentaram um caráter descritivo. A técnica de pesquisa utilizada foi a aplicação de questionário baseado nas 10 Medidas Contra a Corrupção, propostas pelo Ministério Público Federal (MPF), na Lei da Transparência e na Lei de Acesso à Informação. Os conselheiros possuem alto nível de conhecimento da legislação e, para eles, a população não participa do controle social e não cobra os gestores em relação à transparência das contas públicas
Aporte público en el marco del COVID-19
No full textFacultad Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de Chil
Incidencia de los TLC en las Prácticas de Responsabilidad Social de las Grandes Empresas de Barranquilla
No full textEste artículo presenta los resultados del proyecto de investigación encaminado a determinar y describir la manera como los tratados de libre comercio suscritos por Colombia con Estados Unidos y Canadá, promueven la creación de prácticas de Responsabilidad Social en las grandes empresas.
Para tal efecto se examinaron aspectos fundamentales asociados al Pacto Global de las Naciones Unidas, desde una aproximación cualitativa por parte de las prácticas de las grandes empresas en la ciudad de Barranquilla en cuatro áreas temáticas: derechos humanos, derechos laborales, medio ambiente y lucha anticorrupción
Sex, Gender and Class: An Analysis of Chilean Young People’s Intimate Life
No full textThis article analyzes some aspects of Chilean young people’s (aged 15–29) sex life according to sex and socioeconomic background. Using data from the Tenth National Youth Survey, descriptive and inferential analyses were carried out to test possible differences in sexual practices according to these variables. Results show that young Chileans are increasingly diversifying sexual practices. Differences in age at the first sexual relationship between men and women are also becoming less clear; likewise, differences found by socioeconomic background were also weak, suggesting that some practices are common across different groups of youth. The most significant differences found concern certain practices (oral and anal sex), the number of sexual partners men and women have, and the type of relationship (romantic partner, friend, acquaintance) in which sexual encounters take place. We conclude that young people’s sexual practices are increasingly being oriented toward self-exploration and personal satisfaction, and less toward the (traditional) goal of forming a family. Nonetheless, the existence of a “double standard” regarding sexual morals can still account for contrasting behaviors according to sex, suggesting the persistence of a gendered normativity. Also, sexual exploration often occurs without adequate information, reducing youngsters’ ability to reduce risks or prevent undesired consequences. © 2024 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Fondecyt de Iniciación, (11220162); Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, FONDECYT, (1230166); Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, ANI
CORPORACIONES TRANSNACIONALES Y DESARROLLO LOCAL: EL CASO DE LOS PARQUES EÓLICOS EN OAXACA
No full textEn el nuevo contexto de la economía global las corporaciones transnacionales son la parte esencial de la nueva geografía económica e impactan a través de sus diferentes actividades a las economías locales. Por ello, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo mostrar los primeros impactos sobre el desarrollo local y regional en el Istmo de Tehuantepec (Oaxaca, México) derivados de la instalación de parques eólicos por parte de corporaciones transnacionales, para la generación de energía eléctrica. Lo anterior, a partir de revisión y análisis de indicadores macroeconómicos, particularmente capacidad productiva, Producto Interno Bruto y empleo. Se encuentra evidencia del aumento de la capacidad productiva de la industria eólica, así como crecimiento económico y del empleo en la región
New Brassinosteroid Analogs with 23,24-Dinorcholan Side Chain, and Benzoate Function at C-22: Synthesis, Assessment of Bioactivity on Plant Growth, and Molecular Docking Study
No full textThe synthesis and biological evaluation of brassinosteroids (BRs) analogs with chemical modification in the side alkyl chain is a matter of current interest. Recently, a series of BR analogs with phenyl or benzoate groups in the alkyl chain have been reported. The effect of substitution in the aromatic ring on the biological activities of these new analogs has been evaluated, and the results suggest that the bioactivity is enhanced by substitution with an F atom. In this context, we have synthesized, characterized, and evaluated a series of new analogs of 23,24-bisnorcholenic type in which the benzoate group at the C-22 position is substituted with an F atom at “ortho or para” positions. Plant growth-promoting activities were evaluated by using the rice lamina inclination test and bean second internode biotest. The results obtained with both bioassays indicate that the compound with an F atom in the para position on the aromatic ring is the most active BR analog and in some cases is even more active than brassinolide. The docking study confirmed that compounds with an F atom adopt an orientation similar to that predicted for brassinolide, and the F atom in the “para” position generates an extra hydrogen bond in the predicted binding position. © 2023 by the authors.Dirección de Postgrado y Programas de la Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María; Fondo de Equipamiento Científico y Tecnológico, (EQM190025, EQM200241); Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, FONDECYT, (1191330, 1231502)Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Trigeminal Neuralgy
No full textThe objective of this review was to present information on the main causes, possible treatments and morpho-quantitative aspects of trigeminal neuralgia. Trigeminal neuralgia is a condition characterized by intense facial pain, severe throbbing or stabbing; it is usually unilateral and recurrent and is located in the facial area innervated by the trigeminal nerve. The causes of this disease are varied and include neurovascular compression stresses. Medical treatment of choice is carbamazepine, reserving surgical treatment for cases resistant to medical therapy or cases when side effects of drugs used, outweigh the risks and disadvantages of surgery. In this context a detailed knowledge of the structure of the trigeminal nerve and its morphoquantitative characteristics could provide relevant information to make type of treatment more effective
Gestión de Desastres en la Ciudad. El Caso de Talcahuano, Chile
No full textEl artículo trabaja la importancia de la gestión estratégica de la acción colectiva en escenarios de emergencias y desastres, destacando el papel que cumple la ciudad en tanto espacio singular para la articulación en red de experiencias, aprendizajes y recursos diversos. Se expone una sistematización descriptiva basada en las últimas experiencias de desastres naturales ocurridos en la ciudad de Talcahuano, Chile, sobre las cuales se recogen los principales aprendizajes derivados de la acción colectiva, para la gestión de la cooperación y la asociatividad en el espacio local. Ellos se refieren a la necesidad de institucionalizar la gestión territorial de emergencias para capitalizar el aprendizaje social; fortalecer el liderazgo de las instituciones públicas del desarrollo territorial para afrontar escenarios de desastre; y capitalizar el rol que la ciudad cumple como espacio propicio para la activación de redes, asociatividad y cooperación, por parte de la autoridad local
Correlation between polysomnographic parameters and volumetric changes generated by maxillomandibular advancement surgery in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a fluid dynamics study
No full textStudy Objectives: Maxillomandibular advancement surgery (MMA) is a therapeutic option for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The main objective of this study was to determine the impact of MMA on the physical and airflow characteristics of the upper airway based on data obtained by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and to correlate these data with polysomnography parameters. Other objectives included the identification of presurgical variables that could help avoid surgeries likely to have a low success rate. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of 18 patients with moderate–severe OSA who underwent MMA. Polysomnography and computed axial tomography imaging were performed before and after the surgery. Three-dimensional models for CFD study were made based on the images obtained. Results: MMA achieved an average increase in airway volume of 43.75%, with a mean decrease in the maximum airway velocity of 40.3%. We found significant correlations between improved apnea-hypopnea index values and both the increase in airway volume and decrease in maximum airway speed. Patients with a maximum velocity of less than 7.2 m/s before the intervention had a high rate of surgical failure (43%). Conclusions: MMA generates a significant increase in the volume of the upper airway, which was associated with improved flow conditions in the CFD simulation. These findings also correlated with improved polysomnography parameters. Thus, CFD simulation on three-dimensional anatomical models of patients with OSA could contribute to the better selection of candidates for MMA. © 2024 American Academy of Sleep Medicine. All rights reserved.Basque Vocational Education and Training Applied Research Centr