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The transformation in the provisions of official baseball rules for intentional hits by a pitch
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What happens when community transition support for a long-term inpatient with mental illness is stagnant: understanding from the patient’s viewpoint
Full text link目的：退院拒否を翻した長期入院精神障害者の地域移行支援が停滞した実践内容を，患者の立場になって理解する視点から解明する。
方法：担当看護師の実践の振り返りと看護記録等を，受け持ちから６年間の時系列にそって大小の見出しをつけた。
結果：実践内容は，①担当看護師の共感に基づく【現状肯定】を関係性の基盤としていた。②繰り返されるＡ氏の逸脱行為に対して社会的入院を強いられている「人」と理解しつつも，【わかるけどダメ】と対応していた。③地域移行支援では，本人や家族の意向に添えない【難しい注文】をしていた。
結論：地域移行が停滞する実践内容には次の３点が見出された。①共感に基づく現状肯定には，看護の方向性を見失うことや自己移入のリスクがある。②看護師が言葉を閉ざすことで患者を孤立させる可能性がある。③患者の立場になって理解したことを自由に表現する看護師の主体性が狭められていた。Objective: This study aimed to examine the care practices that led to stagnation of community transition support for a long-term inpatient with mental illness who had retracted his refusal for hospital discharge and clarify the contents from the patient’s viewpoint.
Methods: Based on the nurse’s review about the care practices, nursing records, and events, since the assignment 6 years ago, we organized chronologically using small and large headings.
Results: The care practices were （1）founded on a relationship built on the nurse’s acceptance by the empathy with the patient; （2）facing Mr. A’s repeated deviant behaviors, though the nurse knew that he is “a person” being involuntarily in the hospital, the nurse was forced saying “Yes and No“; and（3）community transition support made “difficult requests” not in line with the wishes of the patient or family.
Conclusion: The following three points were obtained:（1）accepting the current state based on empathy may cause the nurse to lose sight of nursing direction and reflect himself in the patient;（2）the nurse’s closing his free dialog may cause the patient to be isolated; and（3） the nurse narrow his comportment, by preventing from freely expressing the patient’s viewpoint.departmental bulletin pape
Factors affecting pericarp shedding of the Gray mangrove （Avicennia marina） inhabiting the wetlands of the Haneji Inland Sea, Okinawa Island
Full text linkマングローブ類は，散布体（胎生種子，半胎生種子）が海流等に運搬され分布域を拡大する。羽地内海には，国内移入種であるヒルギダマシが分布している。ヒルギダマシの散布体（果実）は半胎生種子で，防水性の高い果皮の浮力により浮遊し分布域を広げる。本研究では，ヒルギダマシの果実を自然光周期及び連続暗黒の条件下で各処理水（海水，汽水，DW）に浸水し，果皮剥離による果実の沈降及び再浮上について調べ，同種の分散について考察をした。全ての果実の沈降までの平均時間は，自然光周期条件では6.5日，連続暗黒条件では5.4日であった。自然光周期条件では，DWへ浸水した果実が海水と汽水に比べ沈降しやすく，また，再浮上の実験では再浮上しやすかった。この違いはいずれも有意（分散分析，p<0.01）であった。海水及び汽水の処理では，自然光周期及び連続暗黒条件の両方で沈降及び再浮上の違いが無かった。再浮上果実を人工培地へ移し発根と発芽，茎の伸長があったことより，再浮上果実にも本種の分散の可能性があることが示された。Mangroves expand their distribution by drifting floaters, viviparous and semi-viviparous seeds, and by being carried by waters such as currents. Avicennia marina, a domestic introduced species, is distributed in the Haneji inland sea. The floater, or propagule, of A. marina is a semi-viviparous seed, covered by a high waterproof pericarp that keeps its buoyancy, which enables the seed to drift for expansion of distribution. In this research, in order to consider A. marina dispersion, the sinking and re-surfacing of A. marina propagules after the shedding of the pericarp were observed, under the conditions of natural light and consecutive darkness, and with immersion treatments of the propagules in seawater, brackish water, and distilled water （DW）. The average time of all propagules under the natural light and consecutive darkness condition was 6.5 days and 5.4 days, respectively. Propagules immersed in DW under the natural light condition sank more easily than those immersed in seawater and brackish water, and more easily re-surfaced in the re-surfacing experiment. These differences were significant （ANOVA, p<0.01）. No significant differences were found between the immersion in seawater and brackish water under the conditions of natural light and consecutive darkness. Findings of re-surfacing propagules showed rooting and germination as well as stem elongation after being transferred into an artificial medium, which was an indication that resurfacing propagules have the ability to disperse the distribution of this species.departmental bulletin pape
Record of the rare bird species and rare breeding cases in Nago City and Okinawa Island : Spring 2019 to summer 2020
Full text link本報告は，2019年４月から2020年８月までの名護市内を含む沖縄島一円における留鳥の希少な繁殖記録や確認記録の他，渡り鳥の希少な繁殖記録と確認記録などを中心にして，過去に確認された鳥類記録の亜種の再検討など加えてとりまとめたものである。今回，これまで宮古諸島が北限とされているズグロミゾゴイやオオクイナの沖縄島における確認記録と，冬鳥とされているセイタカシギの営巣確認，渡り鳥では沖縄島で初めての確認記録となるナンキンオシとオレンジツグミの確認記録を掲載した。また，過去に沖縄島で記録された種オオシロハラミズナギドリについては，国内における知見が増え，種クビワオオシロハラミズナギドリとして再検討する必要が生じたことから，種の再同定を行い，観察記録の見直しを行った。なお，本種の確認記録は南西諸島初記録である。This report is as compilation of past bird sightings in Okinawa Island including Nago City, from April of 2019 to August of 2020 with concentration on the breeding of rare migratory birds and their sightings as well as that of resident birds. This report also includes the reconsideration on subspecies sighting from the past records. Gorsachius nelanolophus and Rallina eurizonoides, of which their northern limit were considered to range up to Miyako islands, were actually sighted in Okinawa Island. The nesting of Himantopus himantopus himatopus, which were considered to be winter birds, was sighted as well. Among the migratory birds, Nettapus coromandelianus and Zoothera citrina were sighted for the first time in Okinawa Island. Regarding Pterodroma cervicalis, which was sighted in Okinawa Island in the past, is now increasingly recognized throughout Japan that it has become necessary to re-consider this species as P. cervicalis. Therefore, the record of sightings of this species have been re-examined. The sighting of this species in the Nansei islands was its first record.departmental bulletin pape
Lifestyle and Health Behavior of Outpatients Visiting Medical Department Specializing in Alcoholism ―Comparative Discussion between Patients Participating in Self-help Group and Patients not Participating―
Full text link我が国では，従来よりアルコール依存症からの回復のために「自助グループへの参加」が重要であると強調されてきた。しかし，アルコール専門外来での通院治療を受ける患者の生活および療養行動の実態については明らかにされていない。本研究の目的は，先行研究においてアルコール依存症の回復にとって重要とされてきた自助グループへの参加の有無によるアルコール依存症患者の生活および療養行動の実態を明らかにすることである。
沖縄県内のA精神科病院のアルコール専門外来への通院患者を対象に，受療状況，生活状況，ストレスの状況，医療者への認識，飲酒の状況，自助グループへの参加状況などの無記名自記式質問紙調査を実施し研究協力の得られた90名を分析対象とした。その結果，通院している依存症者の自助グループへの参加割合は10.0％（９名）と少ないことが明らかになった。自助グループ参加有群と無群で有意差が認められた項目は「ストレス解消の有無」であった。
自助グループへの参加が継続できているアルコール依存症者は，限られた少数のアルコール依存症者であり，自助グループへの参加継続がアルコール依存症者にとって容易ではないことが示唆された。その一方で，通院者の９割が自助グループに参加せずに通院継続ができていたことから，自助グループに参加しない依存症者の治療継続を促進する要因の検討の必要性が示唆された。It has been emphasized that participation in a self-help group is important for recovery from alcoholism. However, the actual lives and treatment behaviors of alcoholic outpatients have not been clarified. The purpose of this study is to clarify the actual lives and treatment behaviors of such outpatients with or without “participation in a self-help group”, which has been deemed to be important in previous studies.
An anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted on alcoholic outpatients attending A psychiatric hospital in Okinawa, for such as medical treatment, living status, stress, perceptions toward medical staff, drinking status, participation in a self-help group, and 90 patients who cooperated in the study were analyzed. The results revealed that as low as 10.0％（9people）of such outpatients were participating in a self-help group. A significant difference was observed in "stress relief" between groups with and without self-help group participation.
A limited number of them could continue participating in a self-help group, suggesting the difficulty for alcoholics to continue the participation. On the other hand, 90％of outpatients continued attending a hospital without joining a self-help group, suggesting the need to examine factors that promote the continuation of treatment without joining a self-help group.departmental bulletin pape
Issues in Technical Education as seen from an Evaluation of Physical Assessment Skills
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Thinking about COVID-19 Philosophically : A Consideration of the Anticipatory Resoluteness of Death
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Comparative study of Rugby’s stakeholders by competitive levels in high schools ―Measures to enhance the Rugby’s Game Power in Okinawa―
Full text link近年，ラグビーワールドカップにおける日本代表の活躍によって高校ラグビーは全国的に競技力が向上している。一方，高校によって勝敗に格差が広がる傾向にある。例えば，沖縄県の代表高校は全国大会，九州大会では１回戦敗退が続いており，同県のラグビー競技力は順調に向上しているとは言えない。そこで本研究は高校ラグビーについて，その競技力向上に結び付く要因は何かを競技レベル別にステークホルダー（①選手，②指導者，③競技団体）を比較し分析することを目的とした。調査対象は選手268名（平成30年度九州新人体育大会に出場した選手168名，九州上位４校の94名，同中位３校の74名，および沖縄上位４校の100名），指導者は11名（①の監督），競技団体から８名（各県のラグビー協会高校専門員）とした。その結果，①選手の調査から部員数の増加と中学校の受け皿が急務であること。②指導者に関する調査からは沖縄県は規則や規定の意識が他県に比べ低い事が分かった。それらを踏まえ，①重要な他者（保護者，監督，友人）が勧誘を行うことで競技人口増加が期待できる。②各専門委員会が各種事業運営と活動の連携，地域社会の指導者が外部指導者として学校現場（中学，高校）で指導する等，普及育成と強化活動に臨まなければならないことが明らかになった。沖縄県ラグビーの競技力を高めるためには，競技人口の増加活動，指導者の規律指導，競技団体の課題解決といった３方面の促進が求められる。In recent years, high school rugby has increased its competitiveness nationwide due to the big success of the Japanese national team at Rugby World Cup. On the other hand, there is a tendency of the gap between victory and defeat to widen by high school. For example, the representative high school in Okinawa Prefecture have been defeated in the first round at the national tournament and the Kyushu tournament, so it doesn’t seem said that the rugby competitiveness of the prefecture is steadily improving. Then, we decided to compare and analyze the factors that lead to the improvement of competitiveness of high school rugby by comparing stakeholders （（1） athletes, （2） leaders, and （3） competition groups） by competition level. Theresearch objects were 268 athletes （168 athletes who participated in the 2018 Kyushu Rookie Athletic Meet, 94 from the top 4 schools in Kyushu, 74 from the same middle level 3 schools, and 100 from the top 4 schools in Okinawa）, instructors. There were 11 people （head coaches of ①）and 8 people from the competition group （rugby association high school specialists from each prefecture）. As a result, （1） there is an urgent need to increase the number of team members and receive a junior high school from a survey of athletes. （2） From the survey about the leaders, it was found that Okinawa Prefecture has lower awareness of rules and regulations than other prefectures. Based on them （1）The competition population can be increased by soliciting important others （parents, head coaches, and friends）. （2） It revealed that each specialized committee must get engaged in dissemination and training and strengthening activities, such as cooperation between various business operations and activities, and guidance by local community leaders as external leaders at schools （junior high schools, high schools）. In order to enhance the competitiveness of Okinawa Prefecture rugby, it is necessary to promote activities in three areas: activities to increase the competitive population, discipline guidance of instructors, and problem solving of athletic organizations.departmental bulletin pape
Frequency of sentence patterns and topics in elementary school English textbooks : We Can! 1 and We Can! 2
Full text link小学校英語教科書「We Can! 1」と「We Can! 2」の出現文型頻度と題材の関係について明らかにすることを目的とする。調査により次の結果が示された。第１に，目標文型の出現については，両教科書で35文型を抽出した。「We Can! 1」では，頻度は422例 （平均12.1回） で，「We Can! 2」では，頻度は879例 （平均25.1回）である。両教科書で16回以上出現している42.9％の文型については，習得の条件を満たしている （Nation， 2001）。第２に，教科書で出現する文型と第２言語早期習得研究およびCEFR-J Grammar Profile （A1） で出現する文型の約88％に整合性がある。しかし，現在進行形，所有-’s，規則動詞（ enjoyedを除く），３人称単数現在-s，We are～ .の５文型は出現しない。第３に，出現する文型と題材の関連は，児童の思い出や夢，自分や他人，児童の身近な生活，日本や外国の４カテゴリーで，題材に合わせて児童の身近な生活や成長過程に関連性の高い文型が自然に出現している。最後に，教科書を横断的に頻出する文型については９文型を抽出し，特にI like apples （例），I’m ～（例），She can swim fast.（例），I want to ～（例） の文型が横断的に出現する頻度が高い。今後の調査では教科書の語彙の出現も含めて総合的に児童の英語習得達成度を検証する必要がある。This study aims to identify the relationship between the frequency of sentence patterns and topics in two elementary school English textbooks, We Can! 1 and We Can! 2. The results indicate the following. First, a total of 35 sentence patterns were found. In We Can! 1, the frequency of these patterns was identified in 422 samples （mean: 12.1） and in We Can! 2, the frequency was observed in 879 samples （mean: 25.1）. An estimated 42.9％ of sentence patterns, which appear over 16 times, satisfy the conditions of language acquisition （Nation,
2001）. Second, there was a corresponding match, estimated at about 88％ , between sentence patterns found in the two textbooks and the list of sentence patterns recommended in early childhood second language research as well as CEFR-J Grammar Profile （A1）. However, there were five sentence patterns that did not appear: present progressive, possessive-’s, past regular verb （only “enjoy” appeared）, third singular-s, and we are. Third, the relationship between sentence patterns and topics indicates a strong relevance for students, in terms of familiarity in everyday situations and their development stage. Topics are grouped into four categories: student’s memories and dreams, self and others, everyday situations, Japan and foreign countries. Lastly, there were 9 sentence patterns that frequently appeared throughout the textbooks. These included sentence patters such as: I like apples （ex.）, I’m ～（ex.）, She can swim fast.（ex.）, I want to ～（ex.）.departmental bulletin pape