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Meteorological characteristics of extreme snowfall events identified by snow stake and blizzard observations at Syowa Station in East Antarctica
Get PDFTo understand the meteorological and climatological factors influencing surface mass balance (SMB) in East Antarctica, we analyzed the long-term snow stake observations at Syowa Station from 1975 to 2020. We identified extreme snowfall events based on snow depth increases recorded by snow stakes, which reflect the combined effects of snowfall, drifting snow, sublimation, and melt. These extreme cases were consistently accompanied by blizzards during the period with detailed blizzard records (2007–2018). The analysis of surface meteorological records at Syowa Station showed no significant long-term trend in annual mean temperature, but a significant increasing trend in the number of days with snowfall. A composite analysis using JRA-55 reanalysis revealed that significant snow accumulation occurred when a low-pressure system stagnated west of Syowa Station, creating a situation where warm and humid air flows in from the ocean. Additionally, a region of strong meridional water vapor flux extends from the mid-latitudes to the vicinity of Syowa Station at the time of maximum wind speed during the blizzards. The weather patterns are similar in the group that shows large decreases in snow depth, but this occurs exclusively in December and March when temperatures at 850 hPa rise to around 0 ℃. These results suggest that synoptic-scale atmospheric conditions, as represented by JRA-55 reanalysis, are reflected in the surface snow accumulation variability recorded by snow stake observations at Syowa Station. This indicates that long-term in-situ observations, when interpreted alongside reanalysis data, can provide useful insights into SMB variability in coastal East Antarctica.This study was supported in part by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science through Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research numbers JP24K02909, JP24H02342, and JP23K25426.journal articl
A Study of the Promotion of the Professional Review and Development at Schools under the Guidance of the General Teaching Council for Scotland : with special reference to the mentoring and coaching
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Belief Fragments and the Virtue Epistemological Viewpoint of Rationality
Get PDFThe atlas model of belief is the view according to which one’s belief system is fragmented and each fragment consists of a set of particular beliefs with unstructured contents. Traditionally, a subject is regarded as rational if and only if her belief system is coherent and logically closed. One problem of the atlas model is that it allows even an irrational subject such as a self-deceiving person to be rational if her belief system is intra-coherent. Christina Borgoni attempts to avoid this problem by proposing that, in order to be rational, a subject must meet another requirement as well: responsiveness to the available evidence. Although her dual standard theory succeeds in identifying the above type of irrational subjects as irrational, it is still both too weak and too strong. It is too weak because it cannot explain why a subject who forms a true belief by means of a reliable clairvoyant power without having any evidence for and against it is irrational. It is too strong because it makes any subject who has an interincoherent belief system irrational if one of its fragments involves an evidential belief. My aim in this paper is to modify Borgoni’s theory. To this end, I will do two things. First, I will itigate her theory by appealing to the idea of bounded rationality. Secondly, I will strengthen her theory by introducing the idea of epistemic responsibility, a virtue epistemological idea, into it, which enables us to blame a subject who does not seek a new piece of evidence in her environment.departmental bulletin pape
第3章 総合的な学習の時間の研究 1BIWAKO TIME よりよい社会の実現に向けて行動できる力を育成する総合学習「BIWAKO TIME」の実践
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WEB ブンショ カラ ノ キギョウ ジョウホウ ノ チュウシュツ オヨビ ギョウシュ ブンルイ ヨソク ニ カンスル ケンキュウ
Get PDF滋賀大学修士（データサイエンス）master thesi
