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A study on the Impact of Working from Home on Employee Health and Productivity during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to consider the impact of Working from Home on employee health and productivity based on findings from research before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, we also consider how human resources should be managed after the COVID-19 pandemic.
The research method is literature research. Working from Home or telecommuting was the independent variable, and health outcomes (fatigue, stress, work-family conflict, etc.) and/or psychosocial outcomes (work engagement, job satisfaction, productivity, etc.) were measured as dependent variables. I selected and analyzed 21 papers that measure that variables.
As a result, research during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan revealed the following points.
・In Japan, notable studies show that Working from Home has a negative impact on employee productivity. However, there have been reports of improvements in productivity based on employee learning effects.
・Personal factors such as personality traits and preferences for Working from Home have different effects of Working from Home on employee health outcomes.
・Working from Home frequency of 0 days per week (non-telework) and 5 days per week (high frequency) had a negative impact on psychosocial outcomes, generally 1 to 4 days per week (low frequency to medium frequency) has a positive impact.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a Working from Home system that considers the individuality of employees after the COVID-19 pandemic. It is necessary to design a system that allows employees to make their own choices about whether or not to Working from Home and how often to do so, and to operate it flexibly. This is consistent with the trend of "personalization of human resources management" that has been pointed out in recent years.departmental bulletin pape
Cognitive Biases at the Entry Stage of Career Development: Discussion Based on Career Cycle Theory
Get PDFPeople treated as management resources in an organization are recognized as the source of sustainable competitive advantages. This study was conducted to extract challenges faced by candidates for entry to an organization’s embership at an early stage of their career development and to identify issues to be solved for the achievement of effective career development. This process was examined from the perspective of cognitive biases. The study cites the “career cycle” introduced by Schein (1978) as a key concept. First, Schein explained “general issues” and “specific tasks” at the entry stage and presented 10 requirements for career development. A cognitive bias was presented as a disincentive for decision making, suggesting the need for coping to raise the decisionmaking level. Subsequently, the study pointed out a problem contained in long-term internship from the perspective of Concorde effect. The problem of unilateral supply of information from people who had experience was also pointed out from the perspective of hindsight bias. In addition, the issue of information asymmetry was mentioned. Finally, the effectiveness of building openness to unknown phenomena and skepticism towards known phenomena was described.
* This study is a part of research findings subsidized in the JSPS project (23K01536) “Stress Coping for Early Career Development: Model Designing Including LGBTQ. (Japanese).”departmental bulletin pape
Process evaluation of the "Miyagi Telenurse Training Program" to develop nursing professionals to provide community problem-solving nursing and telenursing
Get PDFWe implemented the "Miyagi Telenurse Training Program" with the intention of developing nursing professionals who have newly acquired the knowledge and skills necessary for telenursing and who have strengthened and acquired management skills in order to accurately assess health issues and cooperate and collaborate with social resources. The objective of this study was to examine the validity of the program content through process evaluation.
The program was implemented as planned, although some changes in the way classes were conducted occurred due to the spread of COVID-19. Twenty-three participants attended the program, and all of them completed it. Excluding graduate students and university faculty, 20 of the participants were included in the analysis.
The median class evaluation, a measure of output, showed that all items were rated as "agree" or higher at all the time points. Motivation and utility were particularly strongly correlated, reflecting adult learning characteristics. The immediate outcomes were a confirmation test and a skills check. All participants scored ≥ 80% correct on the confirmation test. The skill checks showed differences in achievement by subject, and it was considered more appropriate to place the subjects judged to be relatively more difficult by the studentproblem chart in the latter part of the course. The intermediate outcomes, coordination, collaboration, and telenursing skills, significantly improved after the program. These findings support the program’s theoretical and practical validity.departmental bulletin pape
Support for Extracurricular Activities to Promote Proactive Learning about Disaster Nursing among Nursing Students at the University
Get PDFThis study examined students’ experience in disaster nursing-related extracurricular activities and their interactions with faculty members. A series of interviews were conducted with seven nursing students who belonged to a student volunteer organization engaged in disaster nursing at a university. These candidates agreed to participate in this study. This study would investigate how to support and promote independent learning about disaster nursing among students.
In March 2021, group interviews of two to three students each were conducted to review the activities that took place from the second semester of the 2019 academic year through the 2020 academic year.
The interviews revealed that students had increased their feeling close to disasters through extracurricular activities and wanted to extensively disseminate what they had learned to aid in disaster prevention and mitigation. The comments elicited from the students showed the level of involvement of the faculty members. They felt the learning opportunities offered by the community and the information provided by faculty members were of great support.
Thus, it was deduced that the support required for extracurricular activities to promote independent learning about disaster nursing includes: 1) supporting students’ autonomy by providing information and feed-forwarding to capture students’ desires and motivations, 2) providing feedback during the students’ extracurricular activities to ensure that their actions lead to desirable results, and 3) providing learning opportunities in the community and encouraging students to reflect and supporting them in determining whether their extracurricular activities in the community were producing desirable outcomes in terms of their significance to the community members.departmental bulletin pape
A literature review on the experiences of natural disasters of children/persons with medical care and their families living at home
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to clarify the experiences of children/persons with medical care living at home and their families during natural disasters, and to examine how disaster support should be provided. 8 literatures from 2011 to 2023 were included in the study. The seven categories were: [Anxious about not being able to use medical equipment and electrical appliances, and mindful of securing a power source], [Selecting an evacuation site with consideration for life after the evacuation], [Seeking support from knowledgeable supporters for evacuation of children], [Gaining peace of mind from the presence of supporters [Continue to take care of their children's physical condition while using available services] [Protect their family's life with support amidst the deteriorating social environment] [Respond to safety confirmation from various sources]. The study suggested the need for disaster support that helps people to acquire coping methods for continuing medical care, supports people to choose evacuation sites and evacuation methods that prioritize the safety of children/persons with medical care, and supports evacuation life not only for children/persons with medical care but also for their families.departmental bulletin pape
A Study on the Interplay between Global Economic Change and Business Model Innovation.
Get PDFThis research examines the influence of global economic fluctuations on business model innovation. Utilizing a combination of historical data, literature reviews, and case studies, we explored how changing economic conditions catalyze business model innovations. We discovered that economic downturns often spur businesses to develop new value propositions, leading to innovative business models capable of industry transformation. Using the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic as case studies, we elucidated the emergence of the sharing economy and accelerated digital transformation, respectively, in response to these global economic hocks. We also touched upon the growing influence of generative AI on the economy and business models, indicating its potential for personalized customer experiences, new product ideas, and task automation. Our findings have important implications for businesses and policymakers, emphasizing the need to maintain agility, invest in R&D, and foster an environment conducive to innovation in response to changing economic conditions.departmental bulletin pape
Harm reduction to minimise drug-related health harm and stigma among people who inject drugs in Australia – A Report on the Needle and Syringe Program in the Eastern Division of New South Wales
Get PDFEvidence-based harm reduction services make positive changes among people who inject drugs. However, these sorts of services are not yet available in Japan. Little is known about the effectiveness of harm reduction programs in other countries. Therefore, it is necessary to seek insights into ‘harm reduction’ from a country such as Australia, where these services have been available for decades.
This paper aims to describe what outcomes define harm reduction and explore answers to the question, what services are available to minimise drug-related health harm and stigma among people who inject drugs in Australia?
Australian drug strategies and harm reduction services were investigated through a field trip to the Eastern Division of New South Wales, Australia, in 2023. The findings were crosschecked by reviewing articles directly related to Australian harm reduction services.
This paper overviews Australian drug strategies and then describes the Needle and Syringe Program in New South Wales. This is followed by an outline of how culturally safe and traumainformed care builds safe and healthy communities. Furthermore, the paper describes the stigma amongst injecting drug users and how a peer support group contributes to reducing social stigma. As a newly added service, the paper provides information about a national Take Home Naloxone program which started in July 2022.departmental bulletin pape
