SCTIMST DSpace (Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology)
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Refinement of the spinal cord injury rat model and validation of its applicability as a model for memory loss and chronic pain
No full textBackground
Laminectomy produces trauma in spinal cord injury (SCI) animal models resulting in impinging artefacts and welfare issues. Mechanizing laminectomy using a dental burr assisted (DBA) technique to reduce the impact of conventionally performed laminectomy on animal welfare without any alterations in the outcome of the model was previously demonstrated. However, further validation was necessary to establish it as an alternative in developing SCI rats as a model of chronic pain and memory loss.
Novel method
DBA technique was employed to perform laminectomy at T10-T11 vertebrae in rats undergoing contusion SCI as a model of chronic pain and memory loss. In a 56-day study, 24 female Wistar rats (Crl: WI) were assigned randomly to four equal groups: conventionally laminectomised, DBA laminectomised, conventionally laminectomised with SCI and DBA laminectomised with SCI.
Results
The study revealed DBA technique to cause less surgical bleeding (p = 0.001), lower Rat Grimace Scale (p = 0.0006); resulted in better body weight changes (p = 0.0002 on Day 7 and p = 0.0108 on Day 28) and dark phase activity (p = .0.0014 on Day 1; p = 0.0422 on Day 56). Different techniques did not differ in Basso Beattie Bresnahan score, novel object recognition, mechanical allodynia, number of surviving neurons and the area of vacuolation- indicating that the new method doesn’t affect the validity of the model.
Comparison with existing method(s)
In comparison with the conventional technique, motorised laminectomy can be a valid tool that evokes lesser pain and ensures higher well-being in rats modelled for chronic pain and memory loss.
Conclusions
The intended outcome from the model is not influenced by techniques whereas the DBA-technique is a refined alternative to the conventional method in achieving better welfare in SCI studies
Neuropsychological Impact of posterior fossa lesion- A prospective study of a cohort of patients operated for posterior fossa lesions
No full textA Novel pacing option in patients with endomyocardial fibrosis: A case series
No full textEndomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) is characterized by fibrous tissue deposition on the endocardial surface leading to impaired filling of one or both ventricles, resulting in either right or left heart failure or both. Although Sinus node dysfunction and tachyarrhythmia - atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, have been commonly reported, complete heart block (CHB) necessitating a pacemaker is rare in EMF. Transvenous pacing is technically limited by fibrotic obliteration of the affected ventricle that results in poor lead parameters, and alternative pacing strategy like epicardial pacing may be required in many. We report three cases of EMF, who were treated with an alternative pacing strategy
Evaluation of preoperative functional status using the six minute walk test and its correlation with outcomes following open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm – a prospective observational study
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Biological evaluation of biomaterials for regeneration of dental tissues using tooth-derived cells
No full textSynthesis & characterization of stable iron oxide nanoparticles: potential for nucleic acid recovery
No full textMyocardial scar Quantified by Selvester score and correlation with MRI in Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM) patients
No full textAssessment of Immunotoxicity and Oxidative Stress Induced by Zinc Selenium/Zinc Sulphide Quantum Dots
No full textAlthough ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as apparently less hazardous substitute to cadmium-based QDs, their toxicity has not been fully understood. Huge levels of ROS production and associated difficulties comprise the underlying reason for nanomaterial toxicity in cells. This will cause both immunotoxicity and genotoxicity. In the current work, Zinc Selenium/Zinc Sulphide (ZnSe/ZnS) QDs was synthesized, characterized and analyzed for its role in oxidative stress induction in two cell lines (HepG2 and HEK) and Swiss Albino mice. ROS production and influence of catalase activity in ROS production measured by DCFHDA assay in both HepG2 and HEK cells after exposure to ZnSe/ZnS QDs. Assessment of nitrile radical formation carried out by griess reagent. Level of GSH is assessed as a marker for oxidative stress induced by QDs. Cell death induced after exposure to ZnSe/ZnS QDs investigated by Calcein AM-PI live dead assay. Apoptotic DNA ladder assay carried out for studying the potential of ZnSe/ZnS QDs to induce DNA fragmentation. In vivo bio-nano interaction was studied by exposing Swiss Albino mice to ZnSe/ZnS QDs via i.v. and i.p. injection. Antioxidant assays were carried out in brain and liver homogenates to study the oxidative stress. LPO, GSH, GPx, GR and SOD are considered as biomarkers for the stress analysis. Blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity also studied. Spleenocytes proliferation assay was carried out to study the immunotoxicity response. ZnSe/ZnS QDs do not induce visible oxidative stress upto a concentration of 50 μg/ml. Cell death occurs at higher concentration (100 μg/ml) caused by ROS production. Overall study apparently provide attentive information that ZnSe/ZnS QDs is not capable of eliciting any serious damages to liver and brain tissues which in turn substantiates its applicability in biomedical applications