Open Research Oklahoma (Oklahoma State Univ.)
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Histologic findings in selected tissues and characterization of lung microbiome in a Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) and Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) co-infection model
Get PDFCo-infections involving Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) and Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) are the costliest causes of respiratory and reproductive disease in the swine industry, leading to major economic losses worldwide. Understanding the pathogenesis of these agents remains complex, posing challenges for eradicating and treating infected animals in swine production systems. This study evaluated and characterized histopathologic lesions in various tissues, including lungs, lymph nodes, tonsils, kidneys, spleen, and intestines collected from 100 pigs that were coinfected with PRRSV and PCV-2 by intranasal and intramuscular administration of the viruses. Severe pneumonia was detected in 67% of the lung samples suggesting a high potential for pathogenicity from co-infection. Moderate to severe lymphoid depletion was observed in lymph nodes, tonsils, and spleen of animals with severe pneumonia. Kidneys and intestines exhibited less severe lesions compared to other evaluated organs. In addition to evaluating histologic lesions, the impact of co-infection on the lung microbiome of pigs was evaluated by targeted next generation sequencing. Pigs with severe pneumonia had a less diverse lung microbiome compared to those with mild pneumonia. Bacteria belonging to different genera such as Mycoplasma, Pasteurella, and Escherichia were found to be more abundant in lungs of pigs with severe pneumonia. Knowledge on the dysbiosis of lung microbiome following PRRSV and PCV-2 co-infection can aid in the future development of strategic approaches for diagnosing, prognosing, interpreting, and treating swine respiratory diseases
Economic contribution of forest sector in Oklahoma in 2022
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
4-H Home Demonstration: First year
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Glyphosate use as a pre-harvest treatment: Not a risk to food safety
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Low food availability and cyanobacteria impact zooplankton life history
No full textZooplankton are extremely vulnerable to environmental change, serving as indicators of environmental stress. Knowing this, we tested how two different species that differed in body size responded to changes in food quality and quantity. We exposed Daphnia magna (larger) and Daphnia pulex (smaller) to either green algae (Scenedesmus sp.) (Mycrocystis sp.). Overall, our results showed D. magna had better reproduction and survivorship when exposed to green algae, while D. pulex did better when fed cyanobacteria. These results imply that the two species differ in their competitive ability based on food quality, and their presence in a given body of water may be indicative of environmental change.Lew Wentz FoundationIntegrative Biolog
Foundation garments
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Size effects in the mechanical behavior of Liquid Crystal Elastomer under compression
No full textLiquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are soft polymers containing liquid crystal molecules. LCEs are active smart materials that exhibit two-way shape changes with the application of heat, light or magnetic field via reorientation of liquid crystal molecules in the microstructure. LCEs have gained attention because they exhibit a heat-induced actuation comparable to human muscle contraction in length and reversibility. LCEs also exhibit high dissipations of energy in compression when the liquid crystals reorient in the direction of maximum positive strain. Because of their unique properties, LCEs are envisioned to find applications in soft robotics, damping mechanisms, and in general soft actuators.This study aims to determine the influence of the aspect ratio on the viscoelastic mechanical response of LCE specimens.We synthesized 10 LCE specimens of diameter 5 mm and aspect ratios between 0.11 and 0.34. The aspect ratio is defined as D/4h, where D is the diameter and h the height of the cylindrical specimen. We performed Dynamic Mechanical Analysis tests on each specimen, evaluating the viscoelastic properties, i.e. storage and loss moduli, according to frequency between 1 and 100 Hz and strain amplitude between 0.01 to 1.5 at room temperature. The storage modulus is a measure of elastic behavior while the loss modulus measures the dissipations in the material during deformation.We compare the viscoelastic properties of all specimens of similar composition and various aspect ratio. The storage and loss moduli tend to increase with amplitude and frequency, indicating a nonlinear mechanical behavior. We observed an impact of the aspect ratio on the increase in moduli and hence, on the reorientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the direction of the maximum strain.This study and results point to an unusual behavior that significantly impacts damping and energy dissipations in these materials. Further studies of the evolution of the microstructure's orientation will be needed to leverage these molecular movements for enhanced damping.Aerospace and Mechanical Engineerin
Comparison of BTES modelling approaches in an energy system model: inaccuracies in BTES model results have limited impact on total seasonal performance factor
No full textBorehole thermal energy storage (BTES) has reduced energy usage by supplying large portions of the heating and cooling demands in buildings and industry. System modeling is used for design and preliminary assessment of expected savings from a BTES investment. The present study shows that inaccuracies in BTES model results or replacing the BTES model with a computationally less demanding model with deviating results has small impact on system level parameters such as the total Seasonal Performance Factor (SPFtotal). Here, a BTES model requiring relatively low computational effort is presented and compared to a well-established model based on g-functions. The presented model applies connected thermal masses and resistances and assumes an average behavior of all boreholes. An example case of a hospital building is simulated with the building performance simulation tool VKB-sim, using the two different BTES models. In addition, changes in ground parameters of up to 30% and borefield configuration are considered. In the energy system model, SPFtotal differs by only a few percent even when there are large deviations in results from the BTES model alone. Hence, the computational effort may be reduced if the aim is estimation of overall system performance or savings
Fence post production on Oklahoma farms
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
You can make slip covers
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311