Open Research Oklahoma (Oklahoma State Univ.)
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Navigating 16th-18th century pirate literature; Relations between early pirates and non-Europeans
No full textFrom the early sea dogs to the golden age of piracy, this panel studies a series of literary texts to understand how they represent the relationship of pirates with non-Europeans. Some imagined alliances as a key to advancing English goals in the New World; for others, conflicts between pirates and non-Europeans illustrated the self-serving and brutal nature of their plundering voyages. Beginning in the 16th century with texts about Sir Francis Drake, this panel considers how writers often romanticized first accounts of pirates and native groups forming alliances. We next consider how some 17th-century buccaneers continued the rhetoric of mutually beneficial relationships, while others rejected the idea of alliance and instead showed plunderers inhumanely seizing Native American resources and exploiting the people themselves. The 18th century furnishes several accounts, such as the General History of the Pyrates (1724), that depict pirate settlements on the island of Madagascar; these pirate utopias often disintegrate into dystopias as relations across ethnic and racial groups collapse. The panel concludes with consideration of John Gay’s Polly (1729) an engaging and satire that concludes that pirate crews were just as prejudiced as the forces of colonization they rebelled against, and sought to exploit non-European populations for private benefit.Englis
Supplemental mathematics at midwestern community college: A qualitative case study
No full textThis is a qualitative study that explores how successful supplemental mathematics instructors prepare their students for on-level mathematics, that is taken as a corequisite, at a rural midwestern community college. Using the Zone of Proximal Development with educational scaffolding as a theoretical framework, this study considers how scaffolding prepares students to become independent learners. Findings suggest that educational scaffolding helps students become independent learners and successful in their on-level mathematics class
Negotiation strategies
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Protein size differentiation in ADAMTS7 Turbo ID experiment
No full textBackground: In research for ADAMTS7’s substrate, a question arose about the size of Turbo ID constructs. Turbo ID is an enzyme that can catalyze the biotinylation of endogenous protein, which fuses to the protein of interest to cause an interaction with the proteins or a protein complex. Biotinylation is the process of attaching biotin to protein. This technique involves enzyme catalyzed Proximity Labeling (PL). PL assay is performed by labeling the protein of interest with an enzyme which biotinylates biomolecules in a proximity dependent manner. Turbo ID’s technology serves as a convenient protein - protein interaction detection method. Differences in sizes of the protein should be observed based on variations of ADAMTS7 being added to the biotinylation protein.Method: After confirming the plasmid sequences were correct by DNA sequencing, the plasmids Del Pigeon, E151, E151Q ,E389 and E389Q were transfected into HEK 293 cells. The transfected cells were placed in Freestyle media for 48 hours for expression. The conditioned media was then harvested and purified using Q-Sepharose. The conditioned, purified media was run on a Western blot and imaged for ADAMTS7 protein bands.Result: Del pigeon, E151, E151Q, E389Q and E389 has 256kDa, 290kDa, 290kDa, 307kDa and 307kDa respectively. The ones with higher kilo-Dalton has a bigger size compared to the one with the lesser kiloDalton.Conclusion: We anticipate the Del pigeon with 256kDa will migrate faster towards the anode while E151, E151Q , E389Q and E389 will migrate more slowly because of their bigger sizes
Dietary curcumin attenuates aepatic cellular senescence by suppressing the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway in aged mice.
No full textDietary interventions with bioactive compounds have been found to suppress the accumulation of senescent cells and senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs). One such compound, curcumin (CUR), has beneficial health and biological effects, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but its ability to prevent hepatic cellular senescence is unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary CUR as an antioxidant on hepatic cellular senescence and determine its benefits on aged mice. We screened the hepatic transcriptome and found that CUR supplementation led to the downregulation of senescence-associated hepatic gene expressions in both usually fed and nutritionally challenged aged mice. Our results showed that CUR supplementation enhanced antioxidant properties and suppressed mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades in the liver, particularly c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in aged mice and p38 in diet-induced obese aged mice. Furthermore, dietary CUR decreased the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), a downstream transcription factor of JNK and p38, and inhibited the mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines and SASPs. The potency of CUR administration was demonstrated in aged mice via enhanced insulin homeostasis along with declined body weight. Taken together, these results suggest that CUR supplementation may be a nutritional strategy to prevent hepatic cellular senescence.Nutritional Science
Military spending, war duration, and regime type
No full textOne of the more puzzling international relations questions is regarding why wars last as long as they do. This question is one that is widely studied but does not take into consideration the regime type of those involved in interstate conflicts. Therefore, this study answers the question of what factors impact war duration in wars between democracies and non democracies since 1950? Originally, it was believed that military expenditure would by far be the most important factor for determining war length in these relatively recent conflicts. However, the data shows that other variables such as terrain or casualties are much better at indicating how long one of these wars will last. While the original hypothesis was incorrect, this study still contributes to the literature by closely examining a specific time period of wars, while taking regime type into consideration unlike most previous works
Soybean production calendar
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Using high-quality instructional materials: A case study of secondary science teachers’ inquiry-oriented beliefs and teaching practices
No full textThis dissertation presents a comprehensive case study that delves into the beliefs of two secondary science teachers as they navigate the landscape of inquiry-based teaching practices while utilizing a high-quality instructional material entitled OpenSciEd. The study is grounded in the broader context of science education reform, emphasizing the importance of interaction with the educative features, and curriculum-based professional learning, to promote scientific literacy and critical thinking.The research design employs a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and classroom observations along with measurement and scores as primary data collection methods. The study’s primary objective is to use an operational definition of beliefs to gain insight into how secondary science teachers conceptualize inquiry-based learning and how their beliefs may influence their instructional practices while using high-quality instructional material. Furthermore, it considers the impact of high-quality instructional material on teacher’s pedagogical choices and overall instructional experiences.The findings of this study reveal the intricate interplay between teachers’ beliefs and their enactment of inquiry-oriented instructional practices. Through a rigorous examination of the two selected case studies, several key themes emerge. Both teachers exhibit unique belief systems about inquiry-based learning, with variations in their views on the role of students, the teacher’s role, and the nature of inquiry itself. The study highlights the ways in which these beliefs manifest in the teacher’s instructional practices, including classroom discourse. The high-quality instructional material may play a role in shaping the teachers’ approaches to inquiry-based teaching or at least act as a catalyst for change in instructional practices if an accurate mental representation of inquiry learning is activated.The research uncovers possible challenges and barriers related to implementing science education reform, with recommendations for future research. The study also implicates the importance of ongoing professional development in supporting teachers’ growth in implementing inquiry-based practices effectively. The findings offer insights for teacher educators and school administrators seeking to enhance science education through the adoption of high-quality instructional materials to promote inquiry-based teaching practices. Ultimately, the study underscores the significance of aligning teacher’s beliefs with instructional materials to foster meaningful and effective science education in secondary classroom
Health inequities in dialysis care: A scoping review
No full textBackground: Dialysis is a life-sustaining treatment that thousands of Americans with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) rely upon. Understanding the health inequities that exist within dialysis treatment is integral to the improvement of care — especially for those in historically marginalized groups. Our scoping review’s objective was to identify potential gaps in the current literature on inequities in dialysis as well as explore future research that could contribute to more equitable care.Methods: Following guidelines from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR), we conducted a scoping review of health inequities in dialysis. PubMed and Ovid Embase were searched in July 2022 for articles published between 2016 and 2022 that examined at least one of the following health inequities as defined by the NIH: race and ethnicity, sex or gender, LGBTQ+ identity, underserved rural populations, education level, income, and occupation status. Frequencies of each health inequity as well as trends over time of the 4 most examined inequities were analyzed.Results: In our sample of 69 included studies, gaps were identified in LGBTQ+ identity and patient education. Inequities pertaining to race and ethnicity, sex or gender, underserved rural populations, and income were sufficiently reported. No trends between inequities investigated over time were identified.Conclusions: Our scoping review examined current literature on health inequities pertaining to dialysis and found gaps concerning LGBTQ+ and patients with lower levels of education. To help fill these gaps, and possibly alleviate additional burden to these patients, we recommend cultural competency training for providers and dialysis center staff as well as community-based educational programs to improve dialysis patients’ health literacy
Evaluation of lactic acid bacteria for application as direct-fed microbials in food animals
No full textShiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Salmonella enterica are important foodborne pathogens, commensal to food animal gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and shed in their feces. Reduction of pathogens before their introduction to the food chain is critical. Direct-fed-microbials (DFM) are living microorganisms used for the reduction or control of enteric pathogens. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been studied as potential DFM due to their inhibition of STEC, and Salmonella. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and select LAB strains for application as DFMs in food-animal GI-tracts. Viability of 250 LAB strains was measured after extended frozen storage (-80℃), by determining growth under optimal conditions (24-48h at 30/37/42℃, anaerobic incubation). Those showing excellent or very-good growth were evaluated for initial inhibition against pathogens (1.0x10⁴ CFU/mL)–STEC-O157, NonO157-STEC, and Salmonella Typhimurium, using agar-spot-tests; tolerance to acid (pH 2, 4, 5, 7) and bile (0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5%) at 0, 1, 3, and 6h; resistance to common antibiotics (ampicillin, clindamycin, erythromycin, gentamycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, vancomycin), through disk-diffusion-assay. Selected LAB were evaluated for their biofilm-forming-ability and inhibition (48h at 30/37/42℃) on polystyrene surfaces, and their capacity to prevent or correct pathogen attachment to intestinal cell lines. Of the 250 LAB strains, 65 were tested further. Initial inhibition revealed, 40%, 42%, and 92% of the LAB exhibited very-good-to-excellent (>10mm) inhibition against NonO157-STEC, STEC-O157, and Salmonella Typhimurium, respectively. Thirteen percent showed excellent, 35% very-good, and 39% good tolerance to acidic conditions, while 29% exhibited excellent, 16% very-good, and 52% good tolerance to bile. All LAB strains formed biofilms, with 33% forming strong, 50% moderate, and 17% weak biofilms. The majority (96.7%) of the LAB were sensitive (S or I) to ampicillin, erythromycin (89.8%), tetracycline (78%), clindamycin (76.3%), vancomycin (44.1%), streptomycin (15.3%), and gentamicin (8.5%). Out of the LAB strains tested, L. animalis, L. lactis and L. salivarius performed the best in both corrective and preventive treatments, reducing STEC-O157 and Salmonella Typhimurium to undetectable levels. LAB tested in cell culture studies, reduced STEC-O157 attached population by half. Selected LAB strains could be used for DFM development based on their survival under GI-tract conditions and inhibition against foodborne-pathogens and their biofilms