Open Research Oklahoma (Oklahoma State Univ.)
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Revisiting transnational media flow in Nusantara: cross-border content broadcasting in Indonesia and Malaysia
No full textPrevious studies on transnational media have emphasized transnational media organizations and tended to ignore the role of cross-border content, especially in a non-Western context. This study aims to fill theoretical gaps within this scholarship by providing an analysis of the Southeast Asian media sphere, focusing on Indonesia and Malaysia in a historical context—transnational media flow before 2010. The two neighboring nations of Indonesia and Malaysia have many things in common, from culture to language and religion. This study not only explores similarities in the reception and appropriation of transnational content in both countries but also investigates why, to some extent, each had a different attitude toward content produced by the other. It also looks at how governments in these two nations control the flow of transnational media content. Focusing on broadcast media, the study finds that cross-border media flow between Indonesia and Malaysia was made possible primarily in two ways: (1) illicit or unintended media exchange, and (2) legal and intended media exchange. Illicit media exchange was enabled through the use of satellite dishes and antennae near state borders, as well as piracy. Legal and intended media exchange was enabled through state collaboration and the purchase of media rights; both governments also utilized several bodies of laws to assist in controlling transnational media content. Based on our analysis, there is a path of transnational media exchange between these two countries. We alsoPeer reviewedMedia and Strategic Communication
Community engagement and giving back among North American Indigenous youth
No full text“Volunteer participation” refers to free engagement in activities that benefit someone or something else. Volunteering can produce many benefits for individuals and communities. However, current research examining volunteer participation often excludes diverse viewpoints on what constitutes volunteering, particularly the perspectives of North American Indigenous youth. This oversight may result from researchers’ conceptualization and measurement of volunteering from a Western perspective. Utilizing data from the Healing Pathways (HP) project, a longitudinal, community-based participatory study in partnership with eight Indigenous communities in the United States and Canada, we provide a detailed description of volunteer participation and community and cultural engagement. Overall, we employ a community cultural wealth lens to emphasize the various strengths and sources of resilience that these communities possess. At the same time, we encourage scholars and the wider society to broaden their views of volunteering, community involvement, and giving back.Sociolog
Evaluating wideband and narrowband echosounding during daytime and nighttime for the assessment of shad abundance in reservoirs
No full textHydroacoustic sampling for Gizzard shad Dorosoma cepedianum and threadfin shad Dorosoma petenense in shallow freshwater systems has traditionally been conducted at nighttime to minimize boat avoidance and ensure fish are evenly distributed. However, Chaoborus migrate to the epilimnion at nighttime and can significantly increase total volume backscatter measurements, leading to inflated fish abundance estimates. This problem suggests daytime sampling may be preferable. However, daytime sampling may fail to produce sufficient single-target data to estimate fish size for echo integration, could have biased fish size or abundance estimates if there are meaningful changes in fish tilt angle of fish if they see and try to avoid the boat, and could have acoustic signal attenuation (shadowing) when dense schools are present that would bias fish estimates. Therefore, I investigated these factors and evaluated if wideband echo sounding, with its improved range resolution, produced more single targets from which fish size could be estimated. I sampled three lakes with wideband and narrowband echosounding during both daytime and nighttime and evaluated the number of single targets detected between both pulse types, the tilt angle of fish between daytime and nighttime, and the possibility of signal attenuation. I found no significant difference in the mean number of single targets detected between wideband and narrowband echosounding. Significantly fewer single targets were detected during daytime compared to nighttime. No strong evidence of daytime fish avoidance was found, although there were slightly more fish moving away from the boat (3%) in the horizontal plane during daytime than would be expected by chance alone). No evidence of signal attenuation (shadowing) was found (i.e., bottom backscatter did not change in magnitude when dense schools of fish were present over the bottom). Overall, my study suggests that shad can be sampled during daytime without significant bias from boat avoidance or acoustic shadowing. However, the lack of single targets observed during daytime sampling necessitates the use of an average-sized “reference” fish for most school-echo integrations, which would need to come from alternative sampling such as cast nets, trawls, or gill nets
OER and ethical learning analytics
No full textThis presentation examines the intersection of open educational resources (OER) and ethical learning analytics (LA), focusing on student data privacy in higher education. It outlines a framework developed by a university library team to ethically collect and use learning data, grounded in values such as care, equity, and student autonomy. The session explores practical steps for implementing ethical LA practices, highlights the importance of student voice in shaping data policies, and provides tools and frameworks for institutions seeking to align OER initiatives with responsible data stewardship.Librar
Investigating mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in microbes from cystic fibrosis patients
No full textCystic fibrosis (CF) is a lethal genetic disease, characterized by polymicrobial lung infections that are near impossible to treat due to the high level of antibiotic resistance of the pathogens. Though the multi-drug resistance of pathogens has been previously documented, the mechanisms for antibiotic resistance acquisition are still largely unknown. A prior screen of CF sputa identified the most resistant and multidrug-resistant bacterial candidates. This project aimed to identify the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) against antibiotics used in CF treatment at the time of sample collection for several bacterial isolates with subsequent genome sequencing to determine the genetic basis for their resistance mechanisms. Each isolate was tested in an MIC broth dilution assay with various concentrations of each antibiotic to determine the minimum amount needed to inhibit the growth of each isolate, then plated to determine the minimum concentration to kill the isolate. Genomic DNA was isolated and sequenced with the genomes assembled by external company, SeqCenter. With collaboration from a bioinformatics specialist, the assembled genomes were searched for genes known to confer resistance mechanisms to the antibiotics screened for. Results indicate that resistant microbes including Staphylococcus aureus and fungi are able to persist in CF lung despite aggressive antibiotic treatment
Retention and degree completion: A quantitative assessment of the impacts of study abroad on community college students
No full textThis study analyzed the impacts of participation in short-term study abroad programs at Oklahoma community colleges through a quantitative research design. Student retention and degree completion are concerns for all types of higher education institutions, but U.S. community colleges experience an even greater struggle to retain students from freshman to sophomore year than four-year institutions (Braxton, 2013; Fike & Fike, 2008; Cohen, 1996). Research shows that participants in study abroad at four-year institutions are better retained and more likely to complete a degree than students who do not participate in study abroad (Hamir, 2011; Posey, 2003; Sutton & Rubin, 2010). The purpose of this study was to determine if similar outcomes for retention and degree completion are true for U.S. community college students who participate in study abroad programs. First, descriptive statistics were utilized to evaluate demographics of study abroad participants and non-participants. Second, two Chi-Square Tests of Independence were used to identify impacts of study abroad participation on retention and degree completion. Results indicated a significant relationship between community college study abroad participation with both retention and degree completion. It was concluded that students who participate in community college study abroad programs are more likely to be retained and complete a degree. Study abroad could serve as a strategy for U.S. community colleges to boost retention and degree completion rates given thoughtful consideration of common barriers such as lack of institutional funding, limited resources, and negative student perceptions
Ethics in public diplomacy: Insights from practitioners
No full textA rare opportunity to shadow, observe and interview Foreign Service Officers (FSOs) working at a U.S. Embassy in a European capital provided insights on how public diplomacy practitioners view ethics in the practice of public diplomacy. Findings show that public diplomats believe that ethics and values are important to their work and that they are ethical in their efforts to engage foreign publics. U.S. public diplomats see themselves as playing an important role in advancing truth and supporting the free flow of credible information about the United States and its interests and values. Participants said that although ethical guidelines are available, they do not routinely consult ethical resources in their work. They cited ethical challenges related to 1) dealing with unethical adversaries who spread disinformation and propaganda, 2) the use of new technologies, 3) gaining timely approvals for field activities, 4) conducting public diplomacy in diverse cultural contexts, and 5) relying on partners who may not share the same values or aims. The study contemplates the need for formal ethical standards in the practice of public diplomacy.Peer reviewedMedia and Strategic Communication
Synthesis and characterization of tridentate quinoline-based NCO ligands
No full textOver the last few decades, there has been growing interest in the coordination chemistry of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) and their use in catalysis, with pincer-type systems being particularly significant due to their ability to form chelates and undergo easy electronic and steric modifications. Our research group has developed Cu(I) complexes of pyridine-based NHC ligands, which we have explored for their potential in catalyzing C–C and C–X (X = O, N) cross-coupling reactions. Although high-valent {Cu-O2} species were identified as likely intermediates, we were unable to isolate a Cu(II) complex in the pincer CNC environment. In this study, we present the synthesis and characterization of novel tridentate NHC ligands containing phenol and quinoline wingtips, which are anticipated to stabilize higher oxidation states of transition metals such as Cu(II). Our current research endeavors center on developing various NCO ligands and examining their coordination chemistry.Chemistr
Synthesis methods for heterocyclic drug compounds
No full textThe first part of this work involved the synthesis of small molecules as potential inhibitors of the bacterioferritin B-bacterioferritin-associated ferredoxin (BfrB-Bfd) protein-protein interaction in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. BfrB is the main iron storage protein, which is central to bacterial iron homeostasis. The mobilization of iron from BfrB requires binding by a cognate ferredoxin (Bfd), thus BfrB-Bfd interaction is essential to the regulation of cytosolic iron levels in P. aeruginosa. The aim of this project was to develop small molecules which could inhibit this protein-protein interaction and elicit perturbations in iron homeostasis consequently leading to bacterial cell death. Previous work from our research group involved the synthesis of 4-(alkylamino)isoindoline-1,3-diones which demonstrated promising inhibition of the BfrB-Bfd interaction. The current project focused on the synthesis of analogs that could be effective in a relatively low micromolar range. Consequently, 1- and 3-carbon linker analogs of the 4-(alkylamino)isoindoline-1,3-diones and other heterocyclic derivatives were synthesized and characterized. Based on molecular modeling, the following modifications below led to the synthesis of new series of compounds. • Incorporation of new substituted benzaldehydes and altering the 3-carbon linker unit into a 1-carbon linker with similar substitution pattern: It was envisioned that, the incorporation of these functionalities in the analogs of the 4-aminoisoindoline-1,3-dione would possibly increase the inhibitory effect. We subsequently designed and synthesized a series of new compounds incorporating various substituents on the benzaldehyde component. • Replacing the benzaldehyde component with other heterocycles. • Replacing the 4-aminoisoindoline-1,3-dione component with different heterocycles.The second part of this work involved the design of new methods for the synthesis of bioactive heterocyclic scaffolds. A summary of these methods follows:• A domino Aza-Michael-SNAr-heteroaromatization route to C5-substituted1-alkyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic esters was developed and optimized. • Naphthalenes and quinolines were prepared by domino reactions of Morita-Baylis-Hillman acetates. • Synthesis and elimination pathways of 1-methanesulfonyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline sulfonamides was developed. • A one-pot route to quinolin-2(1H)-ones and 1,8-naphthyridin -2(1H)-ones was accomplished using domino Knoevenagel-SNAr reactions
Toward transduodenal diffuse optical tomography of proximal pancreas
No full textWe demonstrate the feasibility of diffuse optical tomography (DOT) of the proximal pancreas by using optical applicator channels deployed longitudinally along the exterior surface of a duodenoscope. As the duodenum that nearly encircles the proximal pancreas forms a natural "C-loop" that is approximately three-quarters of a circle of 5-6 cm in diameter, a multichannel optical applicator attached to a duodenoscope has the potential to perform transduodenal DOT sampling of the bulk proximal pancreas wherein most cancers and many cystic lesions occur. The feasibility of transduodenal DOT is demonstrated on normal porcine pancreas tissues containing an introduced gelatinous inclusion of approximately 3 cm in diameter, by using nine source channels and six detector channels attached to a duodenoscope. Concurrent ultrasonography of the gelatinous inclusion in the porcine pancreas parenchyma provided a coarse, albeit indispensable, anatomic prior to transduodenal DOT in reconstructing a contrast of optical properties in the pancreas.Electrical and Computer EngineeringVeterinary Clinical Science