Open Research Oklahoma (Oklahoma State Univ.)
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Emoji usage in social media: Relationships with personality traits
No full textThe present study investigated how emoji usage relates to personalities, and specifically the dark triad personality traits. The personalities of the dark triad possess characteristics that are considered socially aversive. The study aimed to measure emoji usage and categorize how reactions to stimuli (emoji usage) reflected the participants' motives and therefore reflected aspects they possess of the dark triad
Fall forage production and first hollow stem date for wheat varieties during the 2023-2024 crop year
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Lespedeza: A good pasture plant
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Understanding the limiting patterns of the total diffuse reflectance from center-illuminated-central-acquired geometry towards non-contact sensing
No full textElectrical and Computer Engineerin
Cost-effective Thermal Neutron Proportional Counter (TNPC) for space weather monitoring and soil moisture sensing
No full textIn recent years, Cosmic Ray Neutron Monitors (CRNMs) have gained significant attention for their dual applications in space weather monitoring and soil moisture sensing. However, conventional CRNM designs rely on expensive and limited ³He gas or highly toxic BF₃ gas, making them challenging to manufacture and deploy. Furthermore, the geometry and dimensions of the conventional CRNMs have not been systematically optimized for either application. This research presents a safe and cost-effective Thermal Neutron Proportional Counter (TNPC) developed by the Radiation Physics Laboratory at Oklahoma State University. The TNPC features a boron-lined proportional counter that uses natural boron (20% ¹⁰B) instead of the more commonly used yet expensive isotopically enriched boron (>90% ¹⁰B). The TNPC uses commercially available materials and a simple manufacturing approach to lower costs while maintaining adequate thermal neutron detection efficiency. Extensive FLUKA simulations (a computer-based Monte Carlo particle transport code) were conducted to optimize the design of the neutron thermalizer employed in the TNPC and evaluate its performance. These simulation results led to a modular neutron thermalizer design that allows the TNPC to be adaptable to detect high-energy secondary neutrons for space weather monitoring and epithermal secondary neutrons for soil moisture sensing. In addition to its core neutron detection function, the TNPC incorporates a muon counter, which provides an in-situ data correction and normalization method for both applications by utilizing the correlation between ground level cosmic-ray-induced neutron and muon fluxes. Multiple prototypes were manufactured, tested, and deployed in real-world environments for space weather monitoring and soil moisture sensing. Preliminary data from laboratory and field tests validate the TNPC’s operational stability and adaptability, attesting to its potential as a cost-effective solution for its widespread deployment in these applications
Sizing equation based on the outlet fluid temperature of closed-loop ground heat exchangers
No full textThe ASHRAE sizing equation is widely used to find the length of a ground heat exchanger required to cover a given ground thermal load. Some sizing methods use the concept of g-functions, based on a finite line source model, to compute the thermal resistances required by the equation. Such g-functions are defined at the borehole wall and do not incorporate the short-term features of the boreholes such as fluid residence time and borehole heat capacity, and thus are not readily applicable to simulation of ground heat exchanger outlet temperature. This article proposes an adaptation to the alternative ASHRAE sizing equation of Ahmadfard and Bernier (2018) and defines the transfer function at the outlet of the ground heat exchanger. The proposed approach iterates on the borehole length to identify the borehole outlet transfer function that maintains the fluid within prescribed temperature limits. Verification of the method are performed using test cases described by Ahmadfard and Bernier (2019). It is found that ground heat exchanger length obtained are within 5% of the ones predicted by the alternative ASHRAE sizing equation. The variations are related to the approximate nature of a three-pulse sizing approach. The proposed method also benefits from the use of the short-term transfer function provided by an artificial neural network
4-H Home Demonstration: Second year
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
County farm demonstration agent and the county home demonstration agent
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Performance under pressure: Attentional indicators of self-focus and error-monitoring
No full textSocial anxiety disorder is characterized by persistent, excessive fear of judgement and evaluation by others that causes long-term distress and impairment. Models posit increased self-focused attention towards internal and external cues of anxiety is associated with reduced performance ability among individuals with high social anxiety (Clark & Wells, 1995; Rapee & Heimberg, 1997). Previous research has found support for theories by demonstrating increased reaction times and enhanced neural processing among individuals with social anxiety (Eysenck & Derakshan, 2011). Furthermore, individuals with social anxiety have been shown to experience worsened performance and physiological responses when informed that their performance will be observed or compared to others (Geukes et al., 2013). The aim of the current study is to examine the ways in which performance pressure may exacerbate self-focused attention and error-monitoring among individuals with social anxiety as indicated by reaction times and event-related potentials (i.e., N2 and error-related negativity). Results of the current study provided minimal support for hypotheses such that there were no significant differences between high and low social anxiety, or high and low pressure groups on reaction times or error-monitoring. The current findings are discussed in the context of current literature regarding social and performance anxiety
Three essays on Oklahoma agriculture: Grassland conservation initiative’s effects on land allocation; Cropping system performance and weed pressure; Managing herbicide resistance for wheat-double crop systems
No full textChapter 1. Grassland Conservation Initiative (GCI) was introduced under the United States 2018 Agricultural Improvement Act. The goal of the GCI is to conserve pasture and grassland. This study analyzes the ex-ante impacts of the GCI on crop returns and land-use acreage for Oklahoma farmers and ranchers. Oklahoma’s agricultural landscape is diverse. As with most agricultural policies focusing on land use, the distributional effects of GCI program will be conditional upon dominant land use types and grassland/pasture resources. Regions endowed with relatively more land resources in pasture and grassland are more likely to have more eligible acres, thereby potentially signaling to landowners in those regions opportunities to accrue land-holding rents. Land-use dynamics are estimated as a first-order Markov process. Not all regions benefit from this program. Findings suggest that aggregate net returns to cropland decrease. However, locations with above average pasture and grassland acreage experience gains in returns under certain policy assumptions. Counties experiencing gains from the GCI policy could experience higher returns to cattle and wheat compared to other counties with limited grassland and pasture acreage.
Chapter 2. This study examines the economic performance of rainfed cropping systems endemic to the Southern Great Plains under weed competition. Cropping systems include tilled and no-till wheat-fallow, wheat-soybean, and wheat-sorghum rotations. Net returns from systems are compared under different levels of weed pressure. Producers operating over longer planning horizons would choose to double-crop regardless of the tillage method used and weed pressure level. Producers operating under shorter planning horizons would implement wheat-fallow systems when weed pressure is high and double crop when weed pressure is low.
Chapter 3. This study examines the economics of strategies for managing weed resistance to herbicides for rainfed, no-till winter wheat cropping systems endemic to the Southern Great Plains. Cropping systems evaluated include continuous wheat-soybean-fallow, wheat-sorghum-fallow, wheat-soybean-wheat-sorghum, and wheat-fallow rotations. Herbicide management strategies examined include combinations of pre-emergent, post-emergent, and glyphosate, a burndown herbicide, and their application frequency. Results indicate that economically optimal management strategies minimize the use of glyphosate. Wheat-soybean-fallow and wheat-fallow weed management strategies eliminate the use of glyphosate. However, glyphosate remains effective for controlling weeds in a wheat-sorghum-fallow system. Optimal cropping system/herbicide management strategies delayed the proliferation of herbicide-resistant genes in the weed population. The penetration of herbicide-resistant genes into the weed population took more time for all wheat-double crop systems than wheat-fallow systems, even for a non-optimal weed management strategy. The findings suggest that summer crop planting increases revenue, decreases weed pressure, and delays herbicide resistance over a medium-term planning horizon