Open Research Oklahoma (Oklahoma State Univ.)
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Leveraging luminosity distances of SNe Ia at cosmic noon to refine the estimation of the Hubble Constant
No full textThis project aims to address the discrepancy known as the "Hubble Tension" by refining the estimation of the Hubble Constant (H₀). We hypothesize that the Hubble Constant lies between the two current calculated values of 68 km/s/Mpc defined by the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), and 74 km/s/Mpc defined by Type IA Supernovae (SNe Ia). The Hubble Constant is essential to our understanding of the universe's expansion rate and is fundamental to cosmological models like the Lambda - Cold Dark Matter model (λ-CDM), detailing the universe's evolution. More specifically, we are focused on leveraging James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) data to measure and examine SNe Ia between redshifts 1.5-3, a period known as Cosmic Noon, which has been significantly less explored. This research plan consists of reviewing recent SNe Ia findings, identifying transient phenomena in JWST deep field images, and classifying them analytically to pinpoint additional SNe Ia occurrences within the proposed redshift. We will update the SNe Ia database with newly identified instances and measure their luminosity distances to refine the Hubble Constant's estimation. We expect to either narrow down the Hubble Constant to reconcile existing measurements or exacerbate the tension, finding a constant outside the initial interval. This will provide powerful insights into the universe's expansion during Cosmic Noon. This research contributes to addressing fundamental questions in cosmology and may pave the way for new discoveries and discussions in understanding the universe's history and future trajectories.Physic
Vetch for soil improvement
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Biocontrol strategies to reduce foodborne pathogens in the food industry
No full textShiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7, and the big six non-O157 E. coli serogroups (O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145) are the most significant foodborne pathogens, commensal to food animal gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and shed in their feces. They are responsible for numerous foodborne illnesses throughout the world. Similarly, Listeria monocytogenes is another pathogen that is a great threat to human health. The most common illness caused by Listeria monocytogenes is listeriosis. The foods that are commonly associated with the contamination of Listeria monocytogenes are Ready-to-Eat food products such as deli meats, hotdogs, and soft cheeses. Several antimicrobials have been used to resolve this problem; however, the issue of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has arisen, and several natural biocontrol agents have been sought. One such alternative is the use of bacteriophages, which have garnered significant attention in the last two decades in reducing these major foodborne pathogens in the gut of animals as well as on food products. This study evaluates the efficacy of bacteriophages in correcting and preventing the attachment of E. coli to intestinal Caco-2 cells as well as their application on deli meat in reducing the contamination of Listeria monocytogenes. Specific bacteriophages targeting seven STEC serotypes were tested individually and in cocktails for both corrective and preventive treatments. Preventive treatments involved adding the phages before STEC inoculation, whereas corrective treatment involved adding phages after STEC inoculation and attachment to the cells. The results of this study indicated that preventive treatments were more effective than corrective treatments and cocktails are more effective in reducing STEC populations (almost undetectable) than the application of individual phage. Additionally, bacteriophages specific to Listeria monocytogenes were isolated from several environmental samples and were applied as preventive and corrective treatments on deli meat (ham). Similar to the intestinal cell study, the results of this study also showed that preventive treatments were better in reducing Listeria monocytogenes (P<0.05) on deli meat than corrective treatment. The findings of both studies suggested that bacteriophages could be used to reduce foodborne pathogens in both intestinal cells as well as on food products
John and Mary reach teen age
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
On the origins of behavior: Restoring teleological accounts of behavior
No full textIn Psychology the principled view of behavior states that behaviors are resultant outputs which are caused by environmental inputs. This construal of behavior can be referred to as the input – output (I – O) assumption of behavior. Problematically, this view of behavior restricts the scientific understanding to generic linear relationships between environmental inputs and behavioral outputs. Such a simplistic and short-sighted construal fails to holistically explain the complex interweaving structures and dynamics of natural systems. Accordingly, the current dissertation seeks to revise this myopic view of behavior by employing an alternative view of behavior which considers the complex structures and dynamics of a natural system. To do so, the current paper returns to early S – R theory, and by direct descent I – O theory, to re-explain common behaviorist paradigms (e.g., learning, discrimination) from an alternative view of behavior, Perceptual Control Theory. Herein, I argue and demonstrate that Perceptual Control Theory (PCT) offers a better account for the dynamic capabilities of complexly behaving systems because it re-organizes the understanding of how and why a behavior occurs. Specifically, PCT demonstrates that behavior is the result of intended, purposeful, end-directed, or goal-oriented states (i.e., teleological) that are established by the organism. According to this view, organisms are living control systems which are perceptually aware of their environment and able to orient that awareness to some goal, target, or end-state that is “desired” by the organism. Behavior, then, is not a product of environmental inputs, rather it is the product of purposeful control as the organism behaves in response to a goal, intention, or desired state. In simpler terms, behavior is control. PCT has been well-established in homo sapiens, but its implications are far reaching and apply to any living, perceiving, systems, including “simple” systems like invertebrates. Accordingly, the current dissertation will use invertebrates, specifically Apis Mellifera, as the model organism to demonstrate the alternative conceptualization of behavior that PCT advocates. To accomplish this, the current paper proposes 3 experiments which test common behavioral concepts of learning, discrimination, and visual perception in a population of Apis Mellifera
Market egg
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Family nutrition
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Effects of the dietary concentrate level on carcass cutability traits, cutout percentages, meat quality traits and palatability of goats
No full textWith the growing demand for goat meat in the U.S. and globally, there is a need to optimize feeding strategies and breed selection to improve both yield and consumer acceptance. This research evaluates the effects of dietary concentrate levels, breed, sex and castration status on carcass characteristics, meat quality, and palatability traits in Spanish, Boer, Boer × Spanish and Kiko goats. Across three experiments, Spanish goats showed limited response to variations in dietary concentrate, with inconsistent improvements in carcass traits or sensory outcomes. Conversely, Boer and Kiko goats demonstrated increased carcass weights, muscle growth, and consumer-accepted sensory traits, especially when fed a high concentrate (70%) diet. This diet resulted in the heaviest carcasses, largest ribeye areas, and superior leg and loin dimensions, outperforming lower concentrate diets. The influence of sex also proved significant: intact males had heavier and more muscular carcasses but were associated with higher levels of off-flavors, diminishing consumer acceptance. Castration, therefore, may be preferable when flavor and tenderness are prioritized over carcass yield. Sensory evaluations revealed that, while concentrate level had minimal effect on consumer taste panel scores, trained panelists noted that diets with moderate to high concentrate levels (40-70%) tended to produce more tender and palatable samples. Consumers did not (P > 0.05) detect flavor or tenderness differences related to dietary treatments, suggesting that moderate to high concentrate feeding levels can sustain high consumer acceptability. Overall, the findings suggest that Boer and Kiko goats are well-suited for high-concentrate diets to maximize carcass yield and growth traits without compromising consumer acceptance, while Spanish goats are less responsive to dietary adjustments. These insights offer valuable guidance for producers aiming to balance efficient meat production with market appeal by carefully selecting breed, diet, and castration practices
Tick utilization of eastern redcedar encroached areas at the individual tree scale in Oklahoma
No full textThe Great Plains region is experiencing a biome-level conversion as grasslands are being rapidly encroached by eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana L.; ERC) which, in turn, causes abiotic and biotic changes throughout the region. These changes brought about by ERC encroachment are providing habitat for ticks and mosquitoes that increase the risk for vector-borne diseases. This study evaluated the influence of ERC on the abundance of ticks at the tree level by matching CO2 traps under individual ERC trees with traps in nearby grass patches at seven sites across central and western Oklahoma. From 3,654 ticks collected, significantly more adult and nymphal Amblyomma americanum (L.) and adult Dermacentor variabilis (Say) were collected under the individual ERC trees compared to the adjacent grass patches. Along with growing evidence that larger-scale ERC encroachment increases the abundance of ticks, this finding suggests that even single ERC trees within an encroached area provide sufficient habitat for A. americanum and D. variabilis. This study also contributes novel information about the fine-scale effects of this invasive encroaching tree species on the ecology of vector-borne disease systems.Peer reviewedNatural Resource Ecology and ManagementEntomology and Plant Patholog