Open Research Oklahoma (Oklahoma State Univ.)
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Equidistribution modulo 1 and in the p-adic numbers
No full textWe discuss equidistribution in both the classical case over the real numbers modulo the integers as well as over the p-adic integers. This includes a discussion of absolute values on the rationals, how the p-adic numbers are constructed, as well as properties of the p-adic numbers and p-adic integers. We examine several interesting phenomena in both classical equidistribution and p-adic equidistribution
Oklahoma State University Cleveland Street and Farm Road pedestrian safety design
No full textBy virtue of being a college campus, Oklahoma State University should be easily accessible by foot, bike, and bus. These forms of travel are cheaper, more space-efficient, and less dangerous than personal automobiles. This redesign of the intersection of Cleveland Street and Farm Road is but one step toward that goal of a people-centric place. Cleveland Street has recently become a north-south thoroughfare frequented by motorists seeking the fastest route through campus. This redesign emphasizes the presence of folks who are walking, biking, and scootering, which is a stark departure from the automobile-oriented roads that dominate the area. Similar shared space, traffic calming, and pedestrian and bicyclist safety measures could be implemented at other intersections and corridors across campus.
Multiple key design features have been selected for the intersection. The design team determined that a shared-space approach would be the best alternative. Signage was also altered within the design. Rather than a four-way stop, the redesigned intersection calls for a two-way stop along Farm Road and the implementation of RRFBs along Cleveland Street. An additional speed limit sign would be installed to the north. All corners of the intersection would be brought down to even grade with the road level. The pavement design was also altered to consist of pavers and concrete. Protection of pedestrians and bikers is ensured with the installation of bollards. Bike lane striping throughout the intersection also improves safety
Evaluation of whole cottonseed or breeder cube supplementation in commercial beef cows: Impacts on animal performance, metabolites, and methane emissions
No full textThe experimental objective was to compare whole cottonseed (WCS) or 20% crude protein breeder cube (BC) supplementation on performance, metabolites, and methane emissions in commercial beef cows. Cows (n = 48) were individually assigned to supplement (BC or WCS) and amount (0.9, 1.8, or 2.7 kg per d), resulting in 24 cows/supplement and 8 cows/amount within supplement. Six additional cows served as unsupplemented negative controls (CON). Supplementation amounts were prorated (fed 4 d/wk). The 2-yr experiment occurred during late gestation, continuing until after all cows calved (99-103 d). Overall, CON cows lost more body weight (BW; P < 0.01), body condition score (BCS; P = 0.02), and back fat (BF; P < 0.01) than supplemented cows. Generally, cows consuming 2.7 kg per d gained more BW, BCS, and BF overall (P < 0.01). Forage dry matter intake (FDMI) was greatest for cows receiving 2.7 kg per d (P = 0.02). A supplement × amount fed per d interaction was detected for glucose concentrations on d 84 (P = 0.01) and final d (P = 0.05) where glucose concentrations of cows consuming 2.7 kg of BC were greater than cows receiving other treatment combinations, with the exception of a single WCS treatment on both d. Unsupplemented (CON) cows had or tended to have (P ≤ 0.06) greater lactate concentrations on d 28, 56, and 84 compared to all supplemented cows. Cows receiving BC had greater plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) concentrations on d 28 and 84 (P ≤ 0.04). Generally, cows consuming 2.7 kg per d had or tended to have (P ≤ 0.06) greater PUN concentrations on all d except for d 56 (P = 0.12). Cows receiving BC had lower non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations than CON cows and cows receiving WCS on final d (P = 0.02). Cows consuming 2.7 kg per d tended to have greater methane emissions than cows consuming 0.9 kg per d with the other supplementation amounts being intermediate (P = 0.06). Overall, the supplements were comparable as there were minimal production advantages to supplementing with either WCS or BC, except for certain metabolite concentrations
Investigating the relationship between respirator types and their impact on behavioral and physiological responses while performing simulated grain handling activities
Get PDFThis study examined the effects of different respirator types on behavioral and physiological responses during simulated grain handling in hot, humid conditions. The research was conducted in three interconnected phases: a comprehensive literature review, the development and validation of a low-cost environmental chamber, and a human subjects study examining the effects of different respirator types.
The literature review highlighted heat-related illness risks in grain handling, emphasizing the need for effective heat stress management and respiratory protection. A mobile environmental chamber was developed using a Mastertent Rescue Tent with DHT11 sensors, validated against industry-standard equipment.
Ten participants aged 18-50 performed simulated grain handling activities (sweeping, scooping, climbing) wearing various respirators (N95, half-face, full-face, PAPR) and without a respirator in the chamber set at 32.2°C and 60% humidity. Physiological responses (heart rate, skin temperature, core body temperature) were monitored, and subjective preferences assessed.
Results showed no significant differences in physiological responses between respirator types. However, activity and period significantly affected heart rate, while period influenced skin and core temperatures. All physiological parameters increased significantly over time, indicating cumulative heat stress. Subjective preferences varied, with PAPR being most preferred and N95 least preferred.
The study highlights the complex relationship between objective physiological measures and subjective comfort in respiratory protection. While respirator type did not significantly affect measured physiological parameters, clear differences in user preferences emerged. This underscores the importance of considering both physiological impacts and user comfort when selecting appropriate respiratory protection for workers in hot, humid environments, particularly in the grain handling industry where heat stress and respiratory hazards pose significant occupational risks
Rise of Stanley: A marketing success story
No full textI analyzed the history of Stanley and evaluated the marketing strategies that transformed them from a niche 750 million company in 2023. I then highlighted key aspects of the Stanley success story to serve as a blue print for other business and organizations looking to accelerate growth to reference
Ordinary form, radical ideology: An exhibition that decolonizes the historical narratives of America's expansion
No full textThe exhibition "The Legend of the Town Center" delves into the historical and architectural underpinnings of colonization in Indian Territory. Through case studies, detailed plans, and speculative models, the exhibition examines how towns in Oklahoma were designed and constructed to impose new power structures and ideologies on Tribal lands. By analyzing the main streets of these towns, the exhibition reveals how architectural forms and narratives were instrumental in erasing Indigenous cultures and replacing them with pioneer narratives. This work serves as a starting point for retelling American expansion history through the lens of architectural knowledge, challenging dominant narratives and highlighting the significance of Indigenous perspectives.Architectur
4-H Legume manual
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Evaluating the effects of moisture variability and simulated exudate inputs on nitrogen availability in contrasting tillage systems
Get PDFNutrient losses in soils are associated with the long-term degradation of soil health and can be attributed to inadequate management practices or worsened by climate change. Semi-arid regions experience varying environmental conditions, such as fluctuation in rainfall and drought events, which can contribute to soil nitrogen (N) losses. However, N losses can be mitigated through conservation management, such as conversion to no-till (NT) and promoting plant root inputs, which can enhance nutrient cycling and potentially improve climate resilience compared to conventional tillage (CT). To address these knowledge gaps in nutrient management and N losses, we conducted lab incubations under controlled environmental conditions using soils from contrasting tillage systems. The primary objectives of the research were to (1) evaluate how N dynamics are affected by simulated root exudates in no-till and conventional tillage systems, (2) explore how fluctuating moisture conditions affect N dynamics in no-till and conventional tillage systems, and (3) determine how N dynamics are affected by the combination of exudates and moisture content in soils. During an eight-day incubation, we simulated moisture fluctuations and root exudate inputs. In these experiments, exudate treatments included oxalic acid, glucose, and water, and moisture treatments included soils undergoing a wet-dry cycle or held at constant moisture. Samples were collected post-harvest in May 2023 and during the fallow period in August 2023 across various locations in Oklahoma. The combination of root exudates and moisture had variable effects on N dynamics across the different management systems. N mineralization rates and microbial biomass N were elevated under wet-dry cycling compared to the constant moisture treatment. This suggests that alternating periods of drought and moisture could accelerate N mineralization and potentially create more opportunities for N loss. In general, we observed a greater sensitivity of N measurements to the simulated moisture fluctuations than to the contrasting tillage treatments. Simulating wet-dry cycles and effects on microbial processes may be a sensitive soil health indicator that warrants further investigation
Racial ambiguity: Preferences, perceptions, and prejudice towards those who are beyond racial group boundaries.
No full textThe United States of America has a long history of discrimination against people of color. With past legislation such as the “one drop rule,” mixed-race individuals have also faced similar levels of prejudice and discrimination to their monoracial minority counterparts. Currently, biracial and multiracial populations have been growing at an exponential rate since the U.S. Census began allowing respondents to select multiple races. This research attempts to add to the current literature by investigating how the majority group (Caucasian) and monoracial minorities perceive and judge racially ambiguous individuals from a multitude of different racial makeups to provide more generalizable evidence of the treatment of multiracial individuals in America by asking 1) Do perceivers judge racially ambiguous/multiracial individuals based on racial stereotypes/ on a rule of hypodescent? 2) Does the majority group have better perceptions/ judgments of other majority group members than racially ambiguous/ multiracial individuals? To answer these questions, participants completed an online survey consisting of various cognitive tasks and questionnaires to determine their perceptions of racially ambiguous individuals to show how the results compare to their judgments of Caucasians. It was found that there were no significant differences in the perceptions of racial minorities and Caucasians, but white participants did report significantly higher positive emotionality towards other Caucasians
Investigating the relationship between standard metabolic rate and calling behavior in Hyla chrysoscelis
No full textIndividual variation in behavior is common and often has an effect on fitness. However, there is a lot of debate on the mechanisms that produce this variation. One hypothesis is that an individual’s maintenance metabolic rate affects the amount of energy they can put into behavior, thus causing variation in behavior if individuals differ in metabolic rate. Indeed, in previous studies, highly energetically costly behaviors had a strong relationship with maintenance MR. To test this hypothesis, I examined the relationship between standard metabolic rate (SMR) and highly energetically costly acoustic sexual signals in male Cope’s grey treefrogs (Hyla chrysoscelis). Additionally, I examined factors affecting SMR, the repeatability of SMR, and if the time between SMR recordings affected the consistency of SMR to determine the implications of the relationship between SMR and calling behavior. I recorded individual acoustic advertisement calls from wild populations in the field during the breeding season. The following day, I recorded individual SMR in the lab using a push mode respirometry system. I found that in H. chysoscelis SMR does not influence calling behavior and thus is not unlikely to be a target of selection by females. Additionally, SMR decreased across the breeding season, potentially due to depletion of energy stores. While SMR was significantly repeatable, it does not explain consistent individual variation in calling because SMR and calling behavior weren’t related. Lastly, SMR was less consistent when there was more time between SMR measurements, suggesting that, while repeatable, SMR is somewhat plastic