Open Research Oklahoma (Oklahoma State Univ.)
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Sweet clover
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Clinical perspective on core outcome sets in prostate cancer trials: A web-based survey study
No full textBackground: Prostate cancer (PC) is the most diagnosed cancer in men and the fifth leading cause of cancer deaths globally. Evaluation of PC clinical trials should measure outcomes from survivability to quality of life. A Core Outcome Set (COS) provides a standardized set of outcomes to be reported in clinical trials within a specific field. They are developed through the consensus of stakeholders including patients, physicians, and researchers. Following COSs in PC ensures important outcomes are measured to improve comparability and selection of PC treatment. Our objective is to evaluate the knowledge, perception, and use of COSs by trialists in PC.Methods: Using ClinicalTrials.gov, we identified trialists and extracted their names and emails. Surveys were sent on 1/2/24 and open for eight weeks with reminders sent every two weeks to trialists who did not complete the survey. Surveys collected trialist demographic information and familiarity with PC COSs. Trialists less familiar with COSs were directed to questions that gauged interest and need for further COS information. Trialists familiar with COSs were directed to questions addressing their experiences, challenges, and suggestions for PC COSs. Survey results consisted of both qualitative and quantitative data. Analysis will include descriptive statistics for trialists demographics, thematic analysis for qualitative data, and inferential statistics for subgroup analysis.Results: Survey response collection and data analysis are currently ongoing in our study. Our results will include descriptive statistics for trialists demographics, thematic analysis for qualitative data, and inferential statistics for subgroup analysis.Conclusion: After the survey collection period and data analysis, our results will help us understand PC clinical trialists knowledge, perception, and use of relevant COSs. Our results could be used to identify where efforts should be best directed to promote education and adoption of relevant PC COSs
Village evacuated: Community impacts of the East Palestine, Ohio Train Derailment
No full textOn February 3rd of 2023, a Norfolk Southern train derailed in the town of East Palestine, Ohio, exposing residents to both smoke from the ensuing fires and the toxic chemicals being transported via railcar. Due to its small-town qualities and the prevalence of extended family histories within the town, East Palestine has become a fascinating case study of what happens when environmental dangers become omnipresent in a space to which people are deeply attached. To examine this, 24 interviews were conducted with residents of East Palestine and the nearby township of Darlington Pennsylvania, first responders, and activists involved in the community. To guide those conversations and analyze interview data, theories such as place and space, critical environmental justice, recreancy, and contested illness were utilized to provide a frame through which we look at the personal experiences of a variety of individuals who lived through the derailment, evacuation, and subsequent controlled burn. Using both inductive and deductive approaches, transcripts were coded into theoretical themes, and connections between those chosen theories were uncovered. Results demonstrate a myriad of both physical and mental health impacts, a community left divided, and the deterioration of trust in authority among community members who feel they have been left behind. The findings of these interviews not only draw a bleak picture of human experiences in the wake of industrial disaster, but also create a compelling argument for further exploration of this case and others with regards to how perpetrators are held responsible and how their actions deepen impacts felt by the communities they interact with in the long-term
Effects of balance-based exercise recreational therapy treatments in those diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease
No full textIndividuals who have been diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have a reported increased incidence rate of falling in comparison to their undiagnosed peers (Bloem et al., 2021; Porter, 2015). Falls in this population have been found to be related to the advancement of the disease, increasing symptom intensity as well as decreasing overall quality of life (Bloem et al., 2021; Crizzle & Newhouse, 2006). Longitudinal studies into the effectiveness of balance-based exercise training have been conducted and found that participants improved or maintained their physical functioning and reported less occurrences of falling (Bateman et al., 2020; Brickell et al., 2022). This secondary data analysis observes 8 months of data collected from the recreational therapy treatments featured in the Stillwater Communication, Arts, Nutrition, and Exercise (CANe) longitudinal study. Data collected were from assessments focusing on the participants’ postural stability, functional mobility, and confidence in not falling while performing activities of daily living (ADLs). Analysis of the month 1 and month 8 differences revealed a maintenance effect in the group mean for all of the three main assessment measures. This maintenance effect was evident due to the nonsignificant findings in the month 1 and month 8 differences and the mean differences when compared. Individual trends included recovery after a fall occurrence, initial improvements, and improved performances in the majority of assessment measures. As a group, participants improved in five of the seven specific assessment measures, improving their functional mobility and postural stability. This secondary data analysis continues to confirm the effectiveness of recreational therapy treatments delivered in the community setting for those diagnosed with PD
Ex vivo organoid cultures from intestinal stem cells
No full textIntroduction: This poster presentation explores recent developments in ex vivo intestinal organoid cultures, shedding light on their potential applications in therapeutic interventions. Optimal standardized methodologies for the growth and maintenance of intestinal organoids were used, emphasizing key factors that contribute to the success of these cultures. This project is a preliminary study to establish a successful baseline intestinal organoid culture for future experimentation. Organoid growth, morphology, and viability were all evaluated.Methods: Techniques from STEMCELL Technologies Intestinal Epithelial Organoid Culture protocol were employed, aiming to recapitulate the complex cellular diversity of the intestinal epithelium. Intestinal crypts were isolated from two male mice. These crypts were then resuspended and plated in wells with an undiluted Matrigel matrix to allow for 3D culturing, a technique demonstrated to improve emulation of the in vivo environment. To each well, growth medium was added that contained specific growth factors shown to be necessary for the differentiation and proliferation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs). The media were changed every 48 hours to give the organoids longevity and promote continued growth and differentiation. The organoids were passaged at 7-day intervals to ensure proper proliferation and fresh matrix. Light microscopy was used to image organoid growth and count organoids with proper development from the crypt stem cells. Organoid total RNA was isolated for mRNA expression analyses of ISC and cell differentiation markers using reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT qPCR). Cultures were also prepared for detection of cell proliferation and ISC protein markers by immunocytochemistry.Results: Intestinal crypts were successfully isolated from the donor mice and then used to grow intestinal organoids. Imaging revealed typical organoids grown in the Matrigel matrix. RNA was successfully isolated and RT qPCR showed expression ISC and cell differentiation markers. Immunocytochemistry staining is in progress to examine protein expression.Conclusions: Insights into the recreation of in vivo conditions within these “miniaturized organ” cultures offer a promising platform for studying intestinal disorders and evaluating potential therapeutic interventions. This research contributes to the evolving landscape of regenerative medicine, personalized therapy, and disease modeling
Case for employer-funded exchange-traded stock options as an alternative to stock-based employee compensation
No full textIncreasing stock-based compensation has been shown to elevate employee motivation to improve firm performance, thereby increasing shareholder equity and firm value. An analysis of 80 firms in the S&P 500 reveals that employee stock-based compensation (SBC) can exist in many forms and there is widespread inconsistency in nomenclature and reporting practices. Most large firms engage in the practice of repurchasing stock as a mechanism to return value to shareholders or to signal undervaluation, while simultaneously issuing stock to employees. This practice can be detrimental to shareholders. Extant literature has not explored this topic and its possible remedies.
This research investigates (1) whether well-established and mature stock repurchase programs at exchange-listed S&P 500 firms are correlated to employee stock-based compensation programs, which could dilute earnings per share (EPS), (2) explores if firms could use alternative financial instruments, like exchange-traded stock options, to continue to compensate and motivate employees, and (3) explores if the reduced cost of exchange-traded stock options reduces the potential dilution effect of stock-based compensation, and improves shareholder equity and firm value through higher earnings per share (EPS).
This research hopes to make a significant contribution to the field of corporate strategy, corporate finance, academia, and has implications for practitioners and shareholders
4-H pecan project
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Effectiveness of extended reality in the education of fire origin and cause investigators
No full textFire Scene Investigation is a complicated series of steps that must be taken using a systematic approach and following the Scientific Method to determine the correct origin and cause of the fire. Teaching fire investigators how to determine the correct origin and cause is also a systematic approach that can involve years of continuous training to ensure that investigators have the knowledge and ability to conduct complex investigations. Origin and cause instruction is a process in which the ability to process a scene physically helps to reinforce the information given in a classroom. The greatest pedagogy consists of a combination of didactic teaching and practical exercises. However, practical exercises are not always available. Cost, safety, environmental, and unexpected issues, such as COVID, have halted much of the in-person and live fire practical exercise scenarios, with online training becoming routine rather than an
exception.
While technology has improved online training access, the lack of practical exercises has reduced the educational options of investigators, leaving them at a disadvantage. Recently, with the improvement of technology, there has come the ability to teach students in practical exercises. In this study, the scientific method will be used to examine the effects on the application of extended reality in the education of fire investigators
Graduating as “breaking the cycle”: A qualitative exploration of inequalities in educational attainment among Native American high school students
No full textGiven the high rates of dropout among Indigenous high school students in the United States, and the limited research on this topic, more information is needed to understand what factors influence the experiences of Native American students to shape their secondary educational outcomes. This study adds to the existing research on Native American high school educational outcomes, much of which examines the issue through the lens of traditional Euro-American markers for student retention (i.e., grade point average and parent education level), extends previous findings and identifies processes that are shaping the dropout crisis among Native American youth by asking them about their perspectives and lived experiences. This qualitative study utilized semi-structured interviews with 24 Native American high school students from a public Oklahoma school district with a higher than average population of Native American students. Findings detail the individual, family, and institutional level factors impacting feelings of school belonging and motivation, and how barriers such as racial/ethnic identity and discrimination can negatively impact the experiences of Native American high school students
Small-scale solid rocket performance sensitivity to burn rate catalyst in ammonium perchlorate composite propellant
No full textThis thesis presents an analytical and experimental assessment of varying burn rate catalyst weight percentages in ammonium perchlorate composite propellant (APCP) and its effect on solid rocket motor performance. A common issue with solid rocket motors is having consistent rocket performance and mitigating chamber pressure and thermal failures during the duration of the burn. This is highlighted in applications like multi-motor rocket-assisted take-off to reduce asymmetric thrust or chamber overpressures. Typically, burn rate catalysts are nano-metallic powders primarily used to modify how quickly the propellant thermally decomposes. In this study, the effect on the type and amount of burn rate catalyst in the propellant composition was evaluated. Preliminary testing determined copper chromite to be the most consistent burn rate catalyst with lower average pressure. Multiple 54-mm solid rocket motors were made at varying catalyst weight percentages; 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2%. Average thrust and burn time are determined with a 5000-lb load cell, and pressure is monitored through a 1000-psi pressure sensor; both utilizing the same software for data acquisition. The 0.05% composition had an average chamber pressure of 137.5-psi, which is 70-psi less than the 0.2% composition. The former composition had a nearly one second increase to burn time than the latter. Due to its consistent performance and reducing peak chamber pressure, 0.05% was chosen as the best amount of catalyst in the APCP composition. A series of testing with this chosen weight percentage was conducted for 54 and 76-mm sized motors. Nozzle throat was varied to have a range of chamber pressures associated with different burn rates. Test results were imported into ProPEP3 using chamber pressure and burn rate data to solve for burn rate coefficient and exponent. These unique APCP composition parameters were inserted into the Open Motor software to improve performance simulations and motor design significantly. The percent difference from experimental to analytical performance parameters decreased from 70% to 12%. Due to this, engineers can design and tailor solid rocket performance by adjusting burn rate catalyst with accurate simulation predictions