Open Research Oklahoma (Oklahoma State Univ.)
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Effects of common management practices on heart rate of virtually-fenced beef cattle
No full textAn experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of virtual fencing (VF) on heart rates (HR) of trained beef heifers when challenged to remain within known VF boundaries. The study tested how 3 different attractants related to common management practices within the exclusion zone - water, supplement and a feed siren - affect the heifers’ HR as well as their willingness to cross the VF. A group of 3 heifers were equipped with GPS-based VF collars, HR equipment and one with a GoPro, were initially placed in a pen for a 5-min period to stabilize their HR. They were then moved to the trial pen where they interacted with the VF. Following this, a 5-min baseline period was observed. Followed by the test phase, where the heifers were exposed to one of 3 attractants—water, supplement, or a feed siren—for 5 min. This was followed by a 5-min recovery phase. Data was analyzed using R (R Core Team; 2024), HR data with two linear models evaluated via ANOVA and emmeans, while heifers’ VF crossings was evaluated with chi-squared test and pairwise comparisons. Virtual fence crossings were defined as the heifer moving towards the attractant during the test phase, disregarding the VF (despite previously interacting with it and receiving either an auditory or electrical cue). The exclusion zone containing the feed siren led to significantly more heifer crossings over the VF compared to water (P0.05) in HR were found between attractants, suggesting that physiological responses may be more affected by pre-trial conditions than by the type of attractant itself. These data suggest that attractants such as feed siren entices heifers to cross VF, even when they are trained and aware of it. All heifers would eventually return to the grazing area indicating they were correctly trained. VF does not induce significant physiological stress in beef cattle, as evidenced by HR responses during the test and recovery phases. Instead, pre-trial conditions had a greater impact on subsequent heart rate phases. Further research is needed with a more detailed analysis of HR and HRV, along with additional indicators, to better understand the impact of VF on stress. Overall, VF shows a promise as a useful tool for ranchers in the near future
IEA ES Task 38: Ground source de-icing and snow melting systems for infrastructure
No full textThermal de-icing and snow melting systems are alternatives to mechanical and chemical de-icing and snow removal e.g. for roads, bridge decks, ramps, and other transport infrastructure. Snow melting and de-icing systems with a hydronic heated pavement (HHP) are used in several countries in various applications, for infrastructure or other purposes, commonly using district heating return flow, electric heating, or gas boilers as heat sources. As an alternative, the ground can be used as a heat source for HHP systems, with or without the aid of heat pumps. Such HHP systems may also use the pavement as a solar heat collector in the summer. This will cool the road surface, prolonging the life span of asphalt roads by preventing rutting. In 2021, the International Energy Agency (IEA), technology collaboration program (TCP) for energy storage (ES), initiated the international collaboration project Task 38 - Ground Source De-Icing and Snow Melting Systems for Infrastructure. Sweden, Türkiye, Italy, Germany, France, and Belgium are part of the collaboration project. This paper gives an overview of the work within Task 38, and the current state-of-the-art of ground source de-icing and snow melting systems for infrastructure
Asset replacement strategy analysis in agriculture during pandemic
No full textAgricultural machinery has made a significant contribution to the development of U.S. agriculture. The flat topography of the main agricultural regions of the central United States also facilitates the work of machinery. As the second largest asset class on farms after land, a sound machinery purchasing strategy is beneficial to the economic condition of farms. (Ibendahl & Griffin, 2021). Analyzing the various aspects of machinery marginal cost to its marginal benefit to find the optimal point to replace machinery as well as how to finance will make farms more rational and efficient. In the post epidemic era, lingering impacts and high interest rates have impacted farm management in the U.S. Finding efficient and reasonable machinery purchasing strategies is even more important in today's economic environment.Research Experience for UndergraduatesAgricultural Economic
Fed cattle price discovery: Issues and considerations
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Social determinants of health: Malawi, Africa
No full textSocial determinants of health are a prominent issue facing healthcare worldwide. While social determinants of health reflect specific communities, there remains a universal concern: struggle for access to healthcare. This is an issue faced by many and can disproportionately affect certain communities which contributes greatly to overall poor health outcomes. During the Summer of 2023, a cohort of Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic medical students had the opportunity to travel to and work at Child Legacy International Hospital in Malawi, Africa. Students were able to witness some of the struggles that the community faced including conditions related to: preventable and communicable illnesses, prenatal care, postpartum care, malnutrition, poor sanitation, and lack of resources. Throughout this experience students were able to engage with hospital staff members as well as community members to gain their perspective on the issues faced by many Malawians and how they believe they can overcome those barriers. Overall catching a glimpse into the lives of Malawians and the struggles they face. The goal of this presentation is to raise awareness of barriers to healthcare in Malawi, Africa. This awareness will lead to further research and will aid in improving health outcomes in the nation
Use of the first order transfer function to study the effect of medicinal marijuana use on recall
No full textThis study uses a mathematical model based on the first order systems transfer function to study the effects of long-term medical marijuana use on short-term memory and learning. The model is used to analyze the performance of participants completing a short-term free recall memory task to assess their ability to recall information in the form of numbers while being a medical marijuana user. The model can also be extended to assessing the memory of individuals with various health conditions and the memory of individuals under the influence of other plant-based products. Medicinal marijuana is becoming an increasingly popular substance as more states are legalizing its use, so studying its effects is important in understanding the impact it has on learning and memory in humans. The study assesses individuals that are legally able to obtain and use medical marijuana in the state of Oklahoma. Participants indicate their usage habits of the drug and perform the memory test three separate trials with an average of seven to ten days between each trial. We predict that users will show a significant difference in the number of correct responses over trials showing that the memory recall of the user will be largely impacted by the use of medical marijuana. As predicted, results suggest that marijuana does affect memory; specifically, our results suggest that when humans consume marijuana, their memory improves rather than decreases over time
Functionality assessment and utilization of the BX7OE glutenin subunit in hard winter wheat
No full textBreeding for quality in wheat is as crucial as breeding for higher yield. Quality plays a significant role in wheat production because of the crop's functionality. Additives have become common in the baking industry, prompting a call for more "quality" wheat crops and ensuring that hard winter wheat can provide full functionality with or without additives. In this vein, a program was initiated with the USDA-ARS Hard Winter Wheat Genotyping Laboratory (HWWGL) in 2012 to introduce specific genes to the Oklahoma State University (OSU) wheat germplasm to improve disease resistance and functionality using a marker-assisted backcrossing method. The Bx7oe encoding allele was introgressed to build upon the existing dough strength within the germplasm, releasing three ultra-high dough strength cultivars possessing the glutenin subunit. To further see if the subunit's influence was responsible for the unusually strong quality, 50 experimental lines were selected using the marker-assisted selection method with or without the glutenin subunit. Only three lines showcased functionality comparable to two out of five checks included in the study, which displayed almost similar ultra-high dough strength and were thus advanced. The subunit's inconsistent influence supports the premise that relying solely on a single gene trait for selection may not be sufficient, as additional factors likely contribute to ultra-high dough strength
BlooKooz Inc.: Final report
No full textThis paper presents the design concept for a rapid beverage cooling device targeted towards busy individuals who require a quick and efficient way to chill drinks. The rising demand for such a solution is driven by the common inconvenience of waiting for beverages to cool in a traditional refrigerator, a struggle faced by both college students and professionals alike.This project focuses on the "proof of concept" stage, aiming to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed rapid beverage cooler. The core functionality targets a significant reduction in cooling time, bringing beverages from room temperature (68°F) to a chilled state (38-45°F) within 5 minutes. Additionally, the design prioritizes user-friendliness with a slide-switch mechanism, incorporates error indicators for easy troubleshooting, and adheres to safety standards. The prototype development also strives for quiet operation (below 75 dB) and water resistance, ensuring a functional and user-friendly experience.This research will involve applying engineering principles to analyze different mechanical and electrical components, ultimately determining if the concept is viable for further development and potential market readiness within the next 1-2 semesters
Solid waste planning: Components and costs for a rural system in Southeast Oklahoma
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311