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100 Years of Dental Hygiene Research: Progress and possibilities
No full textDuring the last century, the role of dental hygienists as leaders in the recognition, prevention, and treatment of oral diseases has grown, reflecting the ever-evolving knowledge base of the profession. The American Dental Hygienists’ Association (ADHA) has contributed to and supported research that has formulated the scientific basis for the profession to inform education and practice. Progress has been made across multiple priority areas identified on the National Dental Hygiene Research Agenda, including educational research examining the impact of curriculum models on teaching and learning; health services research projects documenting workforce issues and cost-effectiveness of practice models; and public health initiatives expanding access to care to provide oral health care services for diverse patient populations. The Journal of Dental Hygiene, established in 1927, has played a significant role in disseminating scientific evidence to the global dental hygiene and professional communities. Collaborative efforts both within dental hygiene and externally with interprofessional partners and key stakeholders have positively contributed towards building the research infrastructure to support the profession. The number of dental hygienists who are actively engaged in research has increased, as has the value for research as part of the research culture. Focused research priorities and training efforts have encouraged collaborations across the globe to conduct and promote the science supporting dental hygiene education and practice. Development, testing and validation of theoretical frameworks is essential to drive all professional activities. Building a community of scholars who will continue to define the dental hygiene discipline through scholarship is critical to promote a scholarly identity for the profession
Evaluation of modified C-palatal plates on speech articulation using acoustic analysis
No full textIntroduction: The purpose of this study was to assess speech perturbation and adaptation for patients wearing modified C-palatal plates (MCPPs) over time. Methods: The sample consisted of 40 patients, 20 wearing MCPPs as the experimental group (age: 20.7 ± 5.8 years) and 20 patients wearing a transpalatal arch (TPA) as the control group (age: 21.5 ± 6.4 years). The sounds /t/, /d/, /s/, /n/, /r/, /tʃ/. and /j/ were recorded for each patient at six time points: immediately before (T0) and after (T1) appliance placement; then 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after placement (T2–T5). Acoustic analysis of pitch and voice onset time (VOT) was performed by Praat software. Repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) was used to assess changes in the pitch and VOT over time and the difference between the appliances. Results: With the MCPP appliance, /n/, /r/, /tʃ/ and /j/ decreased in VOT starting in the first week while /t/ and /s/ almost returned to pre-treatment levels after 2 weeks. VOT for the /d/ sound did not change between T0 and T3, but it decreased after 3 weeks. There were no significant differences in pitch and VOT between the two groups at any time point. Conclusions: Wearing an MCPP device caused patients to initially distort the articulation of several sounds, but the distortion dissipated within 1 to 2 weeks. It is recommended that patients and/or their parents be advised during pre-treatment counselling of the possibility of temporary speech changes with MCPP placement
How to avoid pitfalls when referring patients to otolaryngology
No full textAbstract
Delayed, faulty, incomplete, or misdiagnosed referrals to otolaryngology (also called ear, nose, and throat, or ENT) can result in physical and monetary harm to the patient and time spent by clinicians in reordering the appropriate diagnostic tests. This article describes how to refer patients to ENT in the most time- and cost-effective ways, and addresses initial management in primary care
Life Skills intervention for Formerly Incarcerated Individuals at Maricopa Reentry Center
Get PDFThe rates of incarceration quickly rose in the United States in the late 1900’s in response to change in legislation in favor of more tough on crime movements and policy. In addition to these movements and other social, environmental, and demographic factors, certain groups of individuals faced increased risk for incarceration and increased challenges before, during, and after incarceration. The purpose of this doctoral capstone experience and report is to explore challenges during community reentry after incarceration that can lead to re-arrest, or recidivism. This is a crucial time because without the appropriate tools, resources, and supports, the individual is less likely to engage in prosocial behaviors and be successful upon release. The occupational therapy doctoral capstone student created a 12-session Life Skills Program, using an occupational therapy lens and theory, at a local community reentry center in Arizona to assist with this skill acquisition and building to increase self-efficacy and engagement in those prosocial behaviors. Two outcome measures were used to evaluate the residents’ perceived effectiveness of the program and the influence the program had on resident self-reported self-efficacy in four overarching skill areas with 18 skill subcategories overall. Residents reported high rates of satisfaction and benefit of this program and increased self-efficacy in all but one of these skill subcategories. Although occupational therapy is beneficial in this population, there are limitations that must be considered to ensure that services are most beneficial and client centered. Through this doctoral capstone experience, the capstone student reflects on potential implications moving forward
Brazilian version of “self-efficacy for home exercise programs scale” for the elderly population
No full textObjective: to seek evidence of validity of the Brazilian version Self-efficacy for home exercise programs scale” for the elderly population. Method: evidence of content, response process and internal structure were analyzed. Two expert panels were used (equivalences and content) as it is an assembly. Three scale formats were analyzed: original, 5 points and 7 points. For the response process and internal structure, 174 older people participated. The Internal Structure was tested by exploratory factor analysis. Results: Seven of the 12 items underwent wording adjustments, and one item was added following expert guidance. The response process indicated that the version with 5 points was pointed out by the elderly as the best to be answered. In the internal structure, the one-dimensional model with the 5-point scale obtained the best indicators. Conclusion: it is recommended to adopt the instrument in a unidimensional way and use the 5-point scale
Maximizing Clinical Skills Training in Physician Assistant Education: Integrating Simulation-Based Learning to Enhance Clinical Proficiency, Confidence, and Team-Based Care
No full textTeledentistry adoption and applications: an American Dental Association Clinical Evaluators Panel survey
No full textBackground The rise of teleworking technologies has affected various industries, including dentistry. Although some dentists have used it for some time, many are discovering the benefits of incorporating this technology to complement their existing patient care capabilities. Methods To assess how clinicians are using teledentistry in their practices, an electronic survey was developed and deployed to the American Dental Association Clinical Evaluators (ACE) Panel on February 27, 2023. The survey link remained open for 2 weeks. Nonrespondents received reminders after 1 week. Results Of the 244 respondents (24% response rate), 30% use teledentistry in their practices, with more than one-half of those using synchronous (53%) or asynchronous teledentistry (63%). The most common reasons for incorporating teledentistry were increased convenience for patients (53%), COVID-19 (50%), and increased accessibility to providers (39%). Teledentistry can help serve patients of all ages (the lowest represented age group [0-5 years] had 42% of dentists treating them) and distances, with 63% of teledentistry patients fewer than 20 miles away. Most users adopted teledentistry within the past 3 years and use it fewer than 5 hours per month. Benefits cited include a reduced number of in-person patient visits (63%) and increased access and quality of care (57%). Among nonusers, 60% felt there was no need, and 39% had concerns with reimbursement. Conclusions Teledentistry has gained popularity in since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic but may be underused, despite its potential to benefit a wider range of patients and applications than many believe. Practical Implications Education on the capabilities and benefits of teledentistry may help increase adoption and improve patient care
Influence of Gender in Preceptor-Student Dyads on Student Performance in Clinical Education A Report from the AATE Research Network
No full textCONTEXT: Health professions education programs incorporate clinical education to prepare students for autonomous clinical practice. Although preceptor-student gender dyads impact student evaluations, specific influences of gender dyad pairings on student autonomy and behavior implementation have not been identified. OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of preceptor-student gender dyads on athletic training student opportunities to engage in clinical practice during clinical experiences and to determine whether constitution of preceptor-student gender dyads influenced student ability to enact professional behaviors during patient encounters (PEs). METHODS: Multisite panel design involving 12 professional athletic training programs (ATPs, 5 undergraduate, 7 graduate). Participants included 338 athletic training students enrolled in ATPs that used E z.ast; Value to document PEs during clinical experiences. Student gender, student role in the PE (observe, assist, or perform), preceptor gender, and student implementation of behaviors associated with core competencies during the PE were measured outcomes. RESULTS: The 30,446 PEs were categorized into 4 preceptor-student dyad categories. Female students with male preceptors were less likely to perform PEs than they were to observe them (OR 0.76; 95%CI 0.69, 0.83; p\u3c0.001). Female students with female preceptors reported fewer opportunities for behaviors associated with interprofessional education and collaborative practice (IPECP) (χ2(3)=16.6, p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Female athletic training students under male preceptorship had fewer opportunities to perform during PEs, and female students under female preceptorship had limited opportunities to participate in IPECP. Health professions education program administrators should encourage students to advocate for opportunities in autonomous practice and implementation of professional behaviors
Negotiation Practices of Athletic Trainers Employed in the Clinical Setting
No full textContext: Athletic trainers (ATs) are comparatively underpaid relative to peer health care professionals. Whereas many factors contribute to the salary and benefits of a given employment position, negotiation is a factor of the final salary and benefits package that is achieved. It is unclear to what extent ATs negotiate salary or other terms of employment during the hiring process. Objective: To explore the negotiation practices of ATs during the hiring process. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Web-based survey. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 587 ATs employed in the clinical setting who previously held at least 1 full-time employment position. Main Outcome Measure(s): Independent variables were several demographic factors as well as the current salary range. Dependent variables were participants’ responses to various survey items focused on experiences with salary and terms-of-employment negotiation. Summary statistics were used to characterize all variables and multiple χ2 analyses (P, .05) were performed to determine the significant influences of independent variables on negotiation practices. Results: More than half of ATs (57.6%) did not attempt to negotiate their salary, and almost three-quarters of ATs (70.5%) did not negotiate their terms of employment during the hiring process. The most successfully negotiated terms were moving expenses (72.3%) and continuing education funding and reimbursement (62.7%). The influence of demographic factors on negotiation and negotiation success varied, with significant findings for the number of previous full-time employment positions, gender, marital status, salary range, and number of dependents. Conclusions: It is alarming that more than half of ATs did not negotiate salary or terms of employment during the hiring process. Whereas widespread training on negotiation practices is warranted, our findings suggest it would be most beneficial for early-career and female ATs. All ATs must become comfortable with negotiating salary and terms of employment to effect change in the average salary and employment status of those in the profession
