Still Scholarworks (A.T. Still University)
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Clinical Assessment of the Relationship of Dental Implant Materials (Titanium and Zirconia) and Peri-Implantitis: A Systematic Review
No full textObjective: This study analyzed clinical parameters to assess whether dental implant material is a risk factor for peri-implantitis. Methods: A literature search was performed on PubMed Central, Cochrane, PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus. The PICO strategy involved healthy patient, partially or fully edentulous, receiving at least one dental implant; zirconia or titanium dental implants; comparison involving assessment of whether there were differences in the risk of peri-implantitis among different materials used for dental implants; clinical parameters. Quality assessment was performed using the modified Jadad scale. Results: Nineteen articles met the inclusion criteria. BoP did not have statistically significant differences comparing zirconia and titanium implants or natural teeth. MBL had diversified results; sometimes, it was higher in zirconia implants than titanium; otherwise, there was no significant difference. Comparing implants with natural teeth, MBL was lower in titanium implants over prolonged observation periods, and greater severity was found in the zirconia group. Notably, natural teeth had minimal bone loss. Zirconia implants demonstrated reduced plaque accumulation and minimal microbial contamination compared to titanium implants and control teeth. The quality assessment was considered poor to low in 9 studies and good to excellent in 10. The development of peri-implantitis was influenced by several patient-specific and clinical factors, underscoring the need to adopt a comprehensive and personalized approach to implant dentistry and peri-implantitis prevention. Conclusion: It was not possible to draft any solid conclusion for the relationship between implant material and peri-implantitis
Impact of COVID-19-Related Personal Protective Equipment Changes on Dental Education: A Qualitative Study to Explore Faculty and Student Perspective
No full textBackground. COVID-19 pandemic and its related personal protective equipment have impacted all aspects of dental education. The qualitative study assesses the impact of COVID-19-related changes and their effects on students\u27 clinical learning from student and faculty perspectives. Methods. This qualitative study involved third- and fourth-year predoctoral dental students and full-time dental clinical faculty. A semistructured interview guide was used. The interview guide consisted of seven open-ended questions about the impact of the new COVID-19-related infection control procedures on students\u27 learning experience in the dental clinic. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using a basic interpretative approach by two independent researchers. Emerged themes were identified. Results. Twelve faculty members and 21 students participated in six focus groups. Three major themes emerged from the analysis: learning challenges, learning opportunities, and long-term impact. Students identified four categories of learning challenges: communication, visualization, clinical exposure, and heat. Five learning challenges identified by faculty were: faculty burnout, service delivery challenges, material wastage, teaching difficulties, and lack of comprehensive care. The five learning opportunities students identified were autonomy, preparedness, efficiency, safety, and personalized feedback. Learning opportunities identified by faculty were time management, autonomy, and preparedness. Three categories of long-term impact on students identified were future opportunities, adaptation, and postgraduation plans. Faculty identified apathy, career re-evaluation, and adaption as the long-term impact of COVID-19-related changes. Conclusion. Although the new COVID-19-related infection control procedures and regulations in the dental school clinical setting come with learning challenges, students and faculty also saw learning opportunities through increased autonomy, preparedness, and efficiency. The impact of COVID-19 extends beyond the current learning experiences as it may modify students\u27 long-term plans
Interdisciplinary management of orthodontic-dental implant-restorative patients
No full textThis article addresses the management of dental implants in joint orthodontic-restorative cases, emphasising the role of temporary skeletal anchorage devices and interdisciplinary treatment. Focused on complex malocclusions that require dental implants, the article navigates through critical aspects such as diagnosis, treatment planning, implant positioning challenges and the strategic role of temporary skeletal anchorage devices in cases with compromised anchorage. Effective communication, collaborative efforts and strategic planning are highlighted in determining optimal implant numbers, locations and timing of placement. A collaborative, strategic approach to managing the complexities of joint orthodontic-restorative cases involving dental implants is recommended
Interdisciplinary treatment of a mutilated dentition with multiple missing teeth and horizontal impaction of a mandibular third molar using an orthodontic skeletal anchorage and dental implants—Case report
No full textObjective: This case report presents a female adult patient who exhibits poor oral hygiene, a mutilated dentition with multiple missing teeth, and skeletal asymmetry. Clinical Considerations: Interdisciplinary treatment was necessary to maintain oral hygiene, treat caries, extract residual roots, and upright a horizontally impacted third molar using a miniplate. Additionally, orthodontic mini-implants were utilized as anchorage to improve sagittal relationship and space closing. Space management was completed with orthodontic treatment, followed by restoration of the multiple missing teeth with dental implants. Conclusion: Consequently, an esthetic smile and functional occlusion were achieved by interdisciplinary treatment using orthodontic skeletal anchorage devices and dental implants. Clinical Significance: Missing mandibular first molar spaces were closed with retraction of the anterior teeth and protraction of the mandibular second molars using orthodontic mini-implants. The mandibular right third molar, which should have erupted, was protracted with the second molar, while the horizontally impacted mandibular left third molar was uprighted using a miniplate and was protracted with an orthodontic mini-implant. The missing maxillary lateral incisors were replaced with the maxillary canines, and the maxillary canines were replaced with the maxillary first premolars. The missing maxillary right second premolar and first molar and left first and second molars were successfully restored with dental implants
Uprighting a mesially impacted mandibular second molar with scissor bite using simple tubes
No full textOrthodontic uprighting or traction of an impacted mandibular second molar often necessitates invasive interventions. This report aims to illustrate the utilization of nickel-titanium wire segments inserted into small, simple tubes for uprighting mesially impacted mandibular second molars and also for scissor bite correction. The term “simple tube” refers to a tube without a bonding base attached to a tooth surface by covering it with flowable composite resin. Due to the absence of a bonding base, the simple tube is characterized by its diminutive size and minimal profile height, facilitating placement on partially exposed second molars and unconventional positioning to adjust the force geometry. In this case study, mesially-impacted mandibular second molars with scissor bite were uprighted in a 21-year-old male utilizing simple tubes. Simple tubes can be used for molar uprighting and scissor bite correction buccally and lingually
Management of Unilateral Impacted Maxillary Permanent Canine: A Case Report
No full textIntroduction: The management of maxillary canine is very complex because it must be carefully planned and carried out as a team. The handling of impacted canine cases must be seen from a clinical and radiological point of view. Maxillary canine impaction can be caused by a lack of space or inadequate seed placement. The time to treat canine impaction is usually between the ages of 11 and 14. Objective: The aim of this case report was to describe the management of an impacted maxillary left canine of a teenage girl. Successful treatment requires complete diagnostics, such as radiographs, good teamwork, and precise treatment planning of the dental team. Case Report: An 11-year-old female patient with class I molar relationship, bimaxillary protrusive, and impacted left upper canine visited the clinic for orthodontic treatment. Extraction of four first premolars (bicuspids) was carried out, and exposure by the periodontist was completed on the maxillary left canine for the installation of a traction device (gold chain traction). Conclusion: The appropriate timing, treatment plan, and proper surgical exposure preparation in handling this case produced optimal and ideal results
Embarrassing malocclusion: Hidden anterior open bite
No full textThe development of an unexpected anterior open bite during orthodontic treatment can be quite embarrassing to the orthodontist. Before treatment, orthodontists must recognize that a hidden anterior open bite can be revealed when a patient with condylar distraction is treated with orthodontic tooth alignment or splint therapy. The disclosure of a hidden anterior open bite derives from resolving the protective neuromuscular reflex of the masticatory muscles or upward seating of the condyles. The use of articulator-mounted dental models and evaluation of the amount and direction of condylar distraction at the condylar level allows orthodontists to detect the possibility of a hidden anterior open bite. By intruding the posterior teeth, the anterior open bite can be corrected effectively
Neurodevelopmental and Psychiatric Disorders
No full textNeurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders of particular importance to dentistry are discussed in this chapter. The neurodevelopmental disorders covered here include: intellectual disability (ID), Down syndrome (DS), Cerebral palsy (CP), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The chapter explains the medical management and dental management of these disorders. The risks of dental care are also covered here. The psychiatric disorders discussed in the chapter include: generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Bipolar disorder (BPD), Major depressive disorder (MDD), Schizophrenia and Eating disorder (ED). Diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is based on patient interview and a mental status evaluation. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is often an effective treatment for OCD. Medications used to treat psychiatric disorders often have oral side effects, such as xerostomia, dysgeusia, stomatitis, glossitis, and even sialorrhea. Atypical antipsychotics can also cause orthostatic hypotension
Beyond ACE Inhibitors: Exploring the Benefits of Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitors in Managing HFrEF
No full textAround 115 million people in the US suffer from hypertension, 100 million are obese, 92 million have prediabetes, 26 million have diabetes, and 125 million have atherosclerotic CVD, all of which are high-risk factors that contribute to the development of HF [41]. As a result, a considerable number of the US population can be classified as either at risk of HF or in stage A HF. Common causes of HF include ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction (MI), hypertension, and valvular heart disease (VHD) [41]. The traditional pharmacotherapy for HF has mainly targeted chronic HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and includes angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers (BB), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs). Despite the effectiveness of ACE inhibitors, a new therapy called angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI) have surfaced and demonstrated encouraging outcomes comparable to ACE inhibitors. This poses questions about whether ACE inhibitors or ARNIs are superior in the management of HFrEF. This review focuses on the clinical effectiveness of ACE inhibitors and ARNI in the management of HFrEF
Solar irradiation driven catalytic dye degradation by novel biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO–NPs) from Barleria mysorensis: Kinetics, reusability and mineralization studies
No full textDuring the study, Barleria mysorensis B.Heyne ex Roth was selected for biosynthesizing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO–NPs) and evaluating its photocatalytic properties. The structural and morphological characterization of the synthesized particles were performed by UV–Vis diffusion reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier-Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Braunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) studies. The results indicate high-quality ZnO–NPs of 34.36 nm crystallite size with 92.32 % elemental purity (ZnO) and an energy band gap of 3.18 eV. According to the BET study, the synthesized particles had a surface area of 21.626 m2 g–1 with 0.001354 cm3g−1 (p/po=0.908) total pore volume of 0.001354 cm3g−1 (p/po=0.908) and 7.34 nm of mean pore diameter. The electron resonance spectroscopy (ESR) revealed that upon interaction of ZnO–NPs revealed the formation superoxide radical ions. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye using the synthesized nanoparticles revealed a degradation efficiency of approximately 91.32 % within 120 min of exposure at a rate constant of 18.34 × 10−3 min−1 and it was also noted that the dye degradation process followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. Besides, reusability and structural stability studies of ZnO–NPs as photocatalysts revealed a stable performance up to five cycles. In addition, mineralization studies revealed a steady decrease in COD and TOC content with an increase in reaction time, indicating an improvement in mineralization. In conclusion, biosynthesized ZnO–NPs get rid of the dye and lower the solution\u27s COD and TOC, ensuring that the dye in question breaks down and non-toxic end products are made