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Is corporal punishment the best punishment? a millennial perspective
Get PDFCorporal punishment, defined as “physical force resulting in pain or discomfort, but not significant injury…meant to alter a child’s unfavorable behavioral patterns,” remains a much debated topic of conversation in the United States (Straus & Donnelly, 2001, p. 4). Straus and Stewart (1999) reported that 94% of parents have spanked their children by the time of their fifth birthday. Moreover, the same study identified that 52% of parents continued to employ corporal punishment when their children were teenagers (twelve to thirteen years old) and 20% up until their children were seventeen years of age. However, spanking and similar forms of discipline previously employed in the school setting have, through policy revisions, been excluded, and now some scholars are calling for the eradication of such punishment in the home (Cuddy & Reeves, 2014). This is primarily due to various studies asserting that corporal punishment produces harmful effects including, but not limited to, depression, poor school performance, intensification of introversion and aggression, and cognitive injury (Berlin et al., 2009; Gershoff, 2002; Gershoff et al., 2010; Gershoff & Grogan-Kaylor, 2016; Gunnoe & Mariner, 1997; Kandel, 1990; Pagani et al., 2004; Simons, Simons, & Su, 2013; Straus & Paschall, 2009). The existing literature on perceptions of corporal punishment is scant and many studies of corporal punishment more generally are quite dated. In order to add to this body of literature, the current study explores millennials’ perceptions of corporal punishment in order to determine whether this population believes there to be a better punishment than corporal punishment. Specifically, the current study relies on a college student sample to examine how various individual characteristics such as age, race, and sex influence students’ perceptions of corporal punishment
Environmental injustice: a public health problem in Chattanooga
Get PDFThe concept of environmental injustice stems from the building of environmentally harmful infrastructure in minority communities. These communities are disproportionally subjected to increased environmental risk than other areas of society. As there is a large minority and impoverished population on the Southside of Chattanooga these issues are prevalent. Hamilton County was determined as a hotspot for childhood lead poisoning. The EPA began testing the soil for lead, but residents have not seen efforts to completely resolve the issue. In this study, a survey was used to assess community awareness of the lead contaminated soil and to highlight the aspects of environmental injustice effecting Cowart Place and Southside Gardens within the Southside community. In this study none of the residents with children had their children blood tested for lead even though their neighborhood was identified as a hotspot for soil lead contamination. This lack of individual prevention could be a product of the lack of awareness proven by the survey in which only one respondent (9%) was aware of the soil lead contamination. As a result of these findings, recommendations are presented to address the issue and minimize the possibility of reoccurrence. Reasons as to why environmental injustice existed in this community are also explored to better inform the recommendations
An analysis of prosocial behavior in customers
Get PDFDespite all that is known about the good entrepreneurship can do for communities, there is still a gap in the research on how entrepreneurship can directly better communities and the people that live in them through passing on prosocial benefits. This paper proposes “prosocial entrepreneurship” as a means to address this gap. It will address the gap through examining how prosocial entrepreneurship builds communities to pass on a positive impact on these communities. Businesses have both encouraged prosocial behaviors in employees and promoted cooperation and community building for some time. Research was also completed on prosocial behaviors to build a better understanding of prosocial entrepreneurship. The prosocial entrepreneur sets itself apart from its predecessors through the focus on instilling their values on customers served to improve them. Theoretical Propositions on the effects of prosocial entrepreneurship have been suggested, and research on existing companies using these theoretical propositions, such as Jeep, has been presented. The research concludes with an application of it in the form of a sample business model that utilizes the aspects examined previously in the paper
American foreign policy has a masculinity problem: a discourse analysis of the Iran deal
Get PDFThe research in this paper seeks to analyze the rhetoric surrounding issues of American foreign policy using the Iran Deal as a case study. The main question this research intends to answer is: Are suggested soft power policy solutions, such as that of the Iran Deal, characterized as either feminine or masculine? I seek to answer this question through a discourse analysis of the rhetoric in newspaper articles from The New York Times and The Washington Post about the Iran Deal from the year 2015. I identify common themes and phrases among these articles and draw my own conclusions about their frequency and relationship. Ultimately, I find that soft power policy solutions are characterized through the use of both feminine and masculine language depending on whether or not the owner of the rhetoric is supportive or unsupportive of the policy. This research begs the question of whether or not feminine language is used to render a soft power policy solution as inherently less legitimate than hard power policy solutions. Implications regarding soft power policies, women and heterosexual men in the field of foreign policy, and the difference in value given to masculinity and femininity will be discussed
A civil liberty or sexual exploitation: revenge porn?
Get PDF“Revenge porn” is commonly used to describe the distributed digital and print publication of an individual in a nude state without the individual’s consent. Section 230 of the Communication Decency Act is a Federal Act protecting web distributors from legal repercussions if revenge porn materials are uploaded on their websites. However, currently there are no federal provisions for victims of revenge porn. Currently, state statutes are the main method of legal action that victims may use to combat their perpetrators. 94% of Americans state that they believe their sexually charged photographs are safe with their significant other. However, 60% of partners admit to distributing the sexually exploitive photographs of their partner. The current study is a content analysis designed to explore current state legislation to depict how revenge porn is classified, consent is defined, and victims are protected via the various forms of penalties and sentences ascribed to the perpetrators
Ground line moment analysis of body extended 161kV transmission towers
Get PDFThis study simplified the analysis required for the extension of a single circuit tangent 161kV transmission tower. The parameters were modified and modern criteria used to evaluate the tangent tower with various body extensions. The basis of analysis for the extended lattice towers compared the ground-line moment of the tallest tower in each class to the ground-line moment of various tower heights. This study analyzed 62,640 design input combinations for the tower using modern NESC loadings and determined which combinations fall below the maximum design ground-line forces. The ground-line force analysis was modernized by lowering the overload factors from their original design values of to modern NESC Medium Loading Zone values. This decrease in overload factors resulted in a decrease of compression and tension ground-line forces. These decreases in ground-line forces result in an increase of 25% for compression capacity and 33% for tension capacity
An implementation of packet-switched communication for pilot protection at Tennessee Valley Authority
Get PDFThe utility network has long relied on Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) such as T1 and Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) as the main channel to transmit and receive data in a communication system. However, TDM technology is aging and its equipment becoming obsolete as vendors transition to Packet-Switched Networks (PSN) to make way for Ethernet-based network communications. Teleprotection is a critical element for a reliable power system as it provides high-speed tripping for faults on the protected line and is applied in various pilot protection schemes. Protection schemes cannot perform at their best without a fast and reliable communication system. The transition from a circuit-switched technology like SONET to a packet-based technology like Multiprotocol Label Switching-Transport Profile (MPLS-TP) has caused reservations for protection engineers as they express their concerns for lacking guaranteed 100% availability and potential latency. This paper will address this issue and the consistent test results at the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)\u27s lab have proven to satisfy the communication requirements in a teleprotection system. Teleprotection traffics make to its destination in order in microseconds, the symmetrical delay is less than 1µs, and especially the recovery from a failure occurs under 50ms (3 cycles). The results reassure the protection engineers that the Ethernet migration is necessary yet provides a better performance compared to the legacy system
The Effect of Job-School Similarity on Work-School Conflict and Work-School Facilitation
Get PDFA recent study out of Georgetown University found that 40 percent of undergraduates and 76 percent of graduate students work full-time. Although these percentages are relatively high, working students have traditionally been understudied (Park & Sprung, 2017). The dual demand of scholarly activities and job requirements can create inter-role conflict, which occurs when the demands of one area interfere with demands of another (Oviatt et al., 2017). Ample literature exists concerning role conflict, but work-school conflict has only recently garnered more attention. Work-school conflict (WSC) is defined as conflict that occurs when work requires time away from school or when work creates strain that can affect school performance (Markel & Frone, 1998). High WSC has been associated with higher levels of substance use, poor academic performance, depressive symptoms, and lower physical health (Butler, 2007; Oviatt et al., 2017). Poor job satisfaction and high levels of burnout are also correlated with WSC (Laughman, et al., 2016). The benefits of studying WSC are abundant. Laughman et al. (2016) found burnout associated with WSC was positively correlated with turnover intentions. A better understanding of WSC could allow managers to monitor workloads for students who may be experiencing WSC related burnout. Similarly, students may benefit from a better understanding of how work and school environments relate; this may help with aspects of work-school facilitation (WSF). WSF occurs when activities and experiences at work enhance students’ ability to meet their school requirements, and a positive relationship has been reported between WSF and school performance (Butler, 2007). Job-school congruence (JSC) is a related concept that occurs when job requirements and collegiate learning are complimentary (Butler, 2007). JSC occurs when knowledge gained in school is directly applied to the work setting. Job-school similarity concerns the extent to which a student’s academic interests match the job. For example, a student may find a higher level of facilitation if the job was closely related to his/her preferred major. The purpose of this study is to measure the effects of job-school similarity on WSC, WSF, academic performance, academic satisfaction, and job satisfaction. Hypothesis 1: More job-school similarity is related to decreased WSC. Hypothesis 2: More job-school similarity is related to increased WSF. Hypothesis 3: More job-school similarity is related to better academic performance. Hypothesis 4: More job-school similarity is related to higher academic satisfaction. Hypothesis 5: More job-school similarity is related to higher job satisfaction
A mixed methods study on the impact of the perceived aesthetics of a workplace
Get PDFInterventions which change the visual appearance of the work environment to positively impact employee and organizational outcomes are becoming increasingly common. For example, environmental interventions such as adding indoor plants, changing the color of the walls, and increasing the amount of artwork within a workplace can lead to reduced stress levels, anxiety, fatigue, and sick leave (Dijsktra, Pieterse, & Pruyn, 2008a; Dijkstra, Pieterse & Pruyn, 2008b; Nejati, Rodiek, & Shepley, 2016). However, more research is needed to discover exactly why changing the appearance of work environments have a positive effect and what factors may influence the effectiveness of these interventions. There is theoretical and empirical support for the notion that the benefits of these interventions are in part due to the increased aesthetics of the environment. For example, Maslow (1954) wrote of a need for aesthetics, Kaplan & Kaplan (1989) argued that the aesthetic component of an environment can help individuals recover from mentally draining experiences, and Dijstrka, Pieterse, & Pruyn (2008) found that adding indoor plants to a room had positive psychological benefits due to the increase in the perceived attractiveness of the room. In this study, we seek to examine the impact that the perceived aesthetics of a workplace and the prevalence of aesthetic elements have on full time adult employees’ post work recovery needs, turnover intention, and job satisfaction. Additionally, we seek to examine if individual’s need for an aesthetically pleasing workplace and mindfulness levels moderate these relationships. Our ultimate goal with this work is to offer a model and methodological approach that can be useful to those interested in studying the impacts of the appearance of a workplace on employee job satisfaction, stress, and intention to stay at their job. A better understanding of this relationship will allow organizations to more effectively change the workplace to have greater positive impacts on employees’ health and happiness. This research comprises of two phases. First, participants complete a survey that measures relevant variables such as mindfulness levels, need for an aesthetically pleasing workplace, individual differences (e.g., personality), and asks them to identify any aesthetically pleasing visual elements that are present in their workplace (e.g., plants, artwork, colorful walls). If participants consent to continue to phase two, they will be asked to upload three photos of their workplace. These photos will be thematically coded to identify what elements are frequently present in environments that are rated as aesthetically pleasing
Classifying GPR images using convolutional neural networks
Get PDFThis thesis focused on classifying GPR cylinders\u27 B-scans according to their depth, size, material, and the dielectric constant of the underlying medium using four different architectures of convolutional neural networks. Two CNNs were newly proposed for this study, while the other two were used by other authors. These CNNs were trained using a couple of adjusted training options including initial learning rate, learn rate drop factor, and learn rate drop period; which had a positive impact on a part of the used models, while the option maximum number of epochs worked good with all of the used models. Results show that the first newly proposed CNN showed a superior performance due to the use of a deep network with a large amount of small filters. Using this model, it was found that the best results were carried out when GPR B-scans were classified according to the cylinders\u27 materials