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Particles, chemicals or both? Assessing the drivers of the multidimensional toxicity of car tire rubber microplastic on early life stages of Atlantic cod
Full text linkDespite the growing number of ecotoxicity studies on microplastics, few have successfully distinguished between the effects of particles and leached chemicals on organisms. This study assessed the role of car tire rubber (CTR) as both a particle contaminant and a chemical carrier. Early life stages (ELS) of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) were exposed to three CTR treatments tested at 1, 10, and 100 mg CTR L⁻¹ : (1) pre-leached CTR particles (CTR-PART), (2) chemicals leached from CTR (CTR-LEACH), and (3) CTR particles with both leached and unleached chemicals (CTR-BOTH). The chemical composition of both particles and leachates was analysed using GC-MS and pyrolysis GC-MS. Investigated endpoints included hatching success, mortality, developmental alterations, and gene expression. While low and medium exposure concentrations had minimal effects compared to control treatments, high CTR-LEACH and CTR-BOTH exposures significantly reduced hatching success and increased the larvae mortality, while CTR-PART did not have any effect. Developmental alterations occurred at high concentrations of all treatments, with severity ranked as CTR-BOTH > CTR-LEACH > CTR-PART. The expression of stress-related genes (mt, gst3a, cat, sod) followed the same pattern. These findings suggest that leached chemicals drive CTR toxicity in cod ELS, while physical particles enhancing their effects.publishedVersio
Parental income and psychiatric disorders from age 10 to 40: a genetically informative population study
Full text linkBackground
Lower parental income is associated with more psychiatric disorders among offspring, but it is unclear if this association reflects effects of parental income (social causation) or shared risk factors (social selection). Prior research finds contradictory results, which may be due to age differences between the studied offspring.
Methods
Here, we studied psychiatric disorders in the entire Norwegian population aged 10 to 40 years between 2006 and 2018 (N = 2,468,503). By linking tax registries to administrative health registries, we described prevalence rates by age, sex, and parental income rank. Next, we grouped observations into age groups (adolescence, ages 10–20 years; early adulthood, 21–30 years; adulthood, 30–40 years) and applied kinship-based models with extended families of twins and siblings to decompose the parent–offspring correlation into phenotypic transmission, passive genetic transmission, and passive environmental transmission.
Results
We found that lower parental income rank was associated with higher prevalence of nearly all psychiatric disorders, except for eating disorders, for both men and women at all ages from 10 to 40 years. Comparing the top with the bottom paternal income quartile, the prevalence ratio of any psychiatric disorder was 0.47 among 10-year-olds and decreased to 0.72 among 40-year-olds. The parent–offspring correlation was −.15 in adolescence, −.10 in early adulthood, and −.06 in adulthood. The kinship-based models indicated that phenotypic transmission could account for 39% of the parent–offspring correlation among adolescents (p < .001), but with no significant contribution in early adulthood (p = .181) or adulthood (p = .737). Passive genetic and environmental transmission contributed to the parent–offspring correlation in all age groups (all p's < .001).
Conclusions
Our findings are consistent with a significant role of social causation during adolescence, while social selection could fully explain the parent–offspring correlation in adulthood.acceptedVersio
Små pasienter, store utfordringer: MR-radiografers kunnskap om alternative tilnærminger
Full text linkProblemstilling: Hvilke alternative tilnærminger til anestesi og sedering har MR-radiografer i Norge kunnskap om ved MR-undersøkelser av barn under 12 år?
Hensikt: Hensikten med oppgaven er å kartlegge hvilke kunnskaper MR-radiografer i Norge har om alternative tilnærminger til anestesi og sedering ved MR-undersøkelser av barn under 12 år.
Metode: For å besvare oppgavens problemstilling ble det benyttet spørreundersøkelse som metode. Denne ble utarbeidet fra bakgrunnsteori om alternative tilnærminger til sedering og anestesi ved MR-undersøkelser av barn under 12 år. Spørsmålene i undersøkelsen gikk ut på å kartlegge MR-radiografer i Norge sine erfaringer og meninger ved disse alternative tilnærmingene, og hvordan MR-radiografene eventuelt benytter seg av disse i praksis.
Resultat: Resultatet viste at norske MR-radiografer har en god kunnskap angående alternative tilnærminger for å erstatte anestesi og sedasjon ved MR-undersøkelser av barn under 12 år. Det viser seg også at det er forskjeller på hva som kjennes til og brukes ut fra hvilket sykehus MR-radiografene jobber ved.
Konklusjon: Det er variasjon i hvilke tilnærminger som brukes ved ulike sykehus/institusjoner. Respondentene har generelt positive holdninger til anestesi og sedering, men det er variasjon i hva respondentene mener kreves av dem som radiograf.
MR-radiografer i Norge har god kunnskap og varierte erfaringer om alternative tilnærminger til anestesi og sedering ved MR-undersøkelser av barn under 12 år.Thesis: What alternative approaches to anesthesia and sedation do MR radiographers in Norway have knowledge of when performing MRI examinations of children under 12 years of age?
Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to map the knowledge MR radiographers in Norway have about alternative approaches to anesthesia and sedation when performing MRI examinations of children under 12 years of age.
Method: To answer the thesis, a questionaire was used as a method. This was prepared from background theory that refers to alternative approaches to sedation and anesthesia for MRI examinations of children under 12 years of age. The questions in the survey were aimed at mapping out the experiences and opinions of MR radiographers in Norway regarding these alternative approaches, and how MR radiographers may use these in practice.
Results: The results show that MR radiographers in Norway have a good knowledge about alternative approaches to anesthesia and sedation when performing MRI examinations of children under 12 years of age. It also shows that there are differences on what they use daily and what they know about alternative approaches, based on which hospital the radiographers work at.
Conclusion: There is variation in the approaches employed at different hospitals/institutions. Respondents generally have positive attitudes towards anaesthesia and sedation, but there is variation in what respondents believe is required of them as radiographers. MR radiographers in Norway have good knowledge and varied experiences of alternative approaches to anaesthesia and sedation for MRI examinations of children under the age of 12
Med fjæra som klasserom
Full text linkSammendrag
Denne studien presenterer utviklingen av et læremiddel i naturfag, bestående av et undervisningsopplegg og en lærerveiledning. Læremiddelet handler om en nøkkelart i fjæra, albuesneglen, og dens betydning for økosystemet. Det overordnede målet for studien var å bidra til å få elevene ut av klasserommet slik at vi kan tilrettelegge for naturtilknytning og bærekraftig handlingsvilje. Dette fant vi at best kunne gjøres gjennom en «bottom-up»-tilnærming, der man tar utgangspunkt i en nøkkelart. Motivasjonen bak utviklingen er todelt. Den er både forankret i vår antagelse om at det finnes en sammenheng mellom positive naturopplevelser og vilje til å ta vare på naturen. Den er også forankret i en antagelse om at lærere i liten grad gjennomfører feltarbeid fordi de opplever hindringer. I forlengelse av disse antagelsene, ville vi utarbeide et læremiddel som både tilrettela for naturopplevelser, men også forebygget utfordringene lærere kjenner på, slik at de benytter seg av feltarbeid.
Studien skulle skaffe innsikt i hvordan økologiundervisning som feltarbeid best mulig kan utformes, og hva som hindrer lærere i å ta i bruk feltarbeid. Ved hjelp av litteratur fikk vi oversikt over fire anbefalinger for undervisningen, blant annet fokus på observasjon ved bruk av sanser og kroppslig læring, og elevstyrt utforskning. Vi fant også fem gjentagende utfordringer for gjennomføring av feltarbeid, for eksempel manglende faglig kompetanse og læreplanrelevans. Disse faktorene ble til sammen rammene for utarbeidelsen av første versjon av læremiddelet.
Den generelle metoden vi har brukt bygger på prinsipper fra pedagogisk designforskning, av typen designeksperiment (Bjørndal, 2013). Her er hensikten å teste, evaluere og revidere den didaktiske ressursen i en dynamisk prosess, for å kunne undersøke praksisrelaterte teorier (Wæge, 2007). Det ble gjennomført to sykluser for revidering, med to ulike formål. Første syklus skulle kvalitetssikre faglig innhold i læremiddelet, gjennom spørreskjema utsendt til en faglig ekspertgruppe. Andre syklus skulle sikre relevans for målgruppen og evaluere læremiddelets gjennomførbarhet. Her ble det intervjuet lærere, som anses som brukerne av læremiddelet.
Resultatene fra syklus to viser at litteraturgjennomgangens ytrede utfordringer, også er relevante for lærerne vi intervjuet. Spesielt tid skilte seg ut blant utfordringene, da det ble et større tema enn først antatt. Samtlige lærere var likevel enige i at vi hadde klart å forebygge de aller fleste i stor grad, og at de gjerne ville benytte ressursen i egen praksis. De mente også at barn får faglig og sosialt utbytte av feltarbeid, og støttet vår tanke om viktigheten av naturtilknytning.Abstract
This study presents our process of developing a teaching tool in natural sciences, consisting of a teaching plan and a teacher's guide. The teaching tool is based on a key species in the shoreline, the elbow snail, and its importance to the ecosystem. The overall goal of the study was to help get students out of the classroom, and in that way facilitate a connection to nature and a sustainable will to act. We found that this could best be done through a "bottom-up" approach, focusing on a key species. The motivation behind the development is twofold. It is rooted in our assumption that there is a connection between positive nature experiences and a will to care for nature. It is also rooted in an assumption that teachers do not utilize fieldwork in education to a large extent because they experience obstacles. In extension of these assumptions, our goal was to develop a teaching aid that both facilitates nature experiences, but also prevents the challenges teachers might experience, and thus encouraging the use of fieldwork in education.
The study’s intention was to provide insight into how ecology education as fieldwork can best be designed, and what prevents teachers from using fieldwork. Using literature, we obtained an overview of four recommendations for teaching, including a focus on observation trough sensing and physical learning, and student-led exploration. In addition, we found five recurring challenges for implementing fieldwork, such as a lack of professional competence and curriculum relevance. These findings became the framework for the preparation of the first version of the teaching tool.
Overall, our method is based on the principles of design-based research, using the design experiment (Bjørndal, 2013). The purpose is to test, evaluate and revise the didactic resource in a dynamic process, in order to investigate practice-related theories (Wæge, 2007). Two cycles of revision were carried out, with two different purposes. The purpose of the first cycle was to quality-assert the academic content of the learning material, through a questionnaire sent to a group of academic experts. The purpose of the second cycle was to ensure relevance for the target group and evaluate the feasibility of the learning material. Here, teachers, who are considered the users of the learning material were interviewed.
The results from cycle two show that the challenges raised in the literature review are also relevant to the teachers we interviewed. Time in particular stood out among the challenges, as it became a larger issue than initially thought. All teachers nevertheless agreed that we had managed to prevent the vast majority of the experienced obstracles to a large extent, and that they would be happy to use the resource in their own practice. They also believed that children benefit academically and socially from fieldwork and supported our idea of the importance of facilitating a connection to nature
Navigating Life as an Economically Disadvantaged Single Mother of a Child with Developemental Disability
Full text linkThis thesis explores the lived experiences of economically disadvantaged single mothers raising children with developmental disabilities in Ethiopia. Grounded in an intersectional, relational, and spatial framework, the study explores how these mothers navigate caregiving, make sense of their circumstances, and how the intertwined categories of disability, gender, poverty, and motherhood are experienced across different social spaces. Using a qualitative research design, the study draws on in-depth interviews with ten single mothers and FGD supplemented by a “relief map” approach to capture the spatial and emotional landscapes of their daily lives. Thematic analysis was employed to preserve the richness of participants’ narratives while identifying key patterns and themes.
The findings demonstrate that the mothers’ experiences are shaped by a complex interplay of their social categories, disability construction, cultural expectations, and power dynamics. Social constructions of disability are often rooted in stigma and spiritual interpretations. Motherhood is framed within an ethic of care that places disproportionate burdens on women, where caregiving is naturalized and individualized rather than recognized as a collective social responsibility. Single motherhood further intensifies these challenges, compounded by financial precarity and societal expectations tied to the absence of a male provider.
The study also highlights the role of religion in shaping meaning-making processes. Faith emerged as a vital coping mechanism that provides strength, hope, and a framework for interpreting the challenges of disability and motherhood. Moreover, the spatial dimension of the mothers’ lives reveals that places extend the physical location to include relationality and intersectional experiences.
Finally, this thesis reframes disability and childhood through the lens of relationality and interdependence. The narratives of mothers depict their children not as passive recipients of care, but as active participants in family and community life. This challenges dominant notions of dependency and disability, revealing a mutual exchange of care that characterizes their relationships. Structural marginalization, particularly in education, further exposes the systemic neglect of children with developmental disabilities, prompting urgent calls for inclusive policy reform. By centering the voices of single mothers, this research contributes to academic discussions on disability, childhood, and caregiving while offering practical insights for inclusive social and policy interventions
Psykisk helse og friluftsliv
Full text linkProblemstilling: Hvordan kan vi som vernepleiere bidra til bedret psykisk helse hos ungdom i barnevernsinstitusjon, ved bruk av friluftsliv og fokus på mestring i trygge rammer?
Introduksjon/bakgrunn: Gjennom studiet er ungdom i barnevernsinstitusjon en gruppe det har vært lite fokus på. Likevel er det en gruppe vi som vernepleiere kan jobbe med og møte i flere ulike arenaer. En sentral del av jobben til vernepleiere er tilrettelegging, jobbe for økt brukermedvirkning og selvbestemmelse samt se hvor og når man bør gripe inn. Oppgaven baserer seg derfor på hvordan friluftsliv som metode kan anvendes i psykisk helsearbeid med ungdom i barnevernsinstitusjon.
Hensikt: Å sette et større fokus på den psykiske helsen til målgruppen og se hvordan vi som vernepleiere kan benytte naturen rundt oss til å bidra til å styrke deres psykiske helse.
Metode: Oppgaven er en litteraturstudie, og baseres på fem fagfellevurderte artikler som er funnet gjennom søk. Det er også benyttet annen faglitteratur for å besvare problemstillingen.
Resultat: I forskningen kommer det frem at friluftsliv og natur kan ha gode helseeffekter på psykisk helse. Blant disse er redusert stress, økt følelse av frihet og økt tilhørighet nevnt gjentatte ganger. Studien kommer frem til at vernepleierens rolle er å tilrettelegge for mestring og økt mestringstro. Dette kan gi økt selvstendighet og selvbestemmelse, som igjen kan gi økt livskvalitet og bedret psykisk helse.
Konklusjon: Studien konkluderer med at friluftsliv og natur kan tilrettelegges ut fra hver enkelt ungdoms interesser, ressurser og dagsform, og gi bedre psykisk helse. I arbeidet med ungdom i barnevernsinstitusjon er relasjon til ungdommen viktig for å ha muligheten til å gjøre endringsarbeid. Vernepleierens rolle blir å sørge for at ungdommens grenser og ønsker ivaretas gjennom prosessen.
Nøkkelord: Ungdom, barnevernsinstitusjon, psykisk helse og friluftsliv.
Antall ord: 7597Title: How can we as social educators (vernepleier) use outdoor life/activities with focus on coping strategies in safe environments, help increase mental health in adolescents in child welfare institutions?
Introduction/background: During the course of our education, the topic of adolescents in welfare institutions has been a neglected topic. However, it’s a group that social educators can meet in different work environments. An important part of a social educator’s work is to facilitate self-determination and work based on the adolescent's own wishes, and to discern when to interact. Our project is therefore based on how outdoor life can be jused as method in mental health work when working with adolescents in welfare institutions.
Purpose: To put more focus on mental health within the target group in society. We also want to figure out whether we as social educators can use nature and outdoor life to help improve their mental health.
Method: This study is based on a literature study. We have included five peer-reviewed research articles, and other relevant syllabi to answer this study’s issue.
Result: The research brings to light the positive effects outdoor life and nature can have on mental health. Among these are reduced stress, increased feeling of liberty and increased belonging often mentioned. The study shows that a social educator’s role is to facilitate coping and increase self-efficacy. This can increase independence and self-determination, which can increase quality of life and improve mental health.
Conclusion: This study concludes that outdoor life and nature can be facilitated to one's interests, resources and current conditions, which can improve mental health. While working with adolescents in welfare institutions, it is important to focus on the relationship between the worker and the adolescents during a process of change. The role of a social educator is to ensure that the wishes and boundaries of the adolescents is maintained.
Keywords: Youth/adolescents, child welfare institution, mental health and outdoor life.
Wordcount: 759
The European Parliament as an environmental champion? A comparative case study analysis of parliament’s political entrepreneurship to promote sustainability, transparency, and circular economy in the textile industry.
Full text linkEuropaparlamentet (EP) er ofte sett på som en miljøforkjemper i den Europeiske Union (EU). Denne oppgaven undersøker hvordan og til hviken grad EP opptrådte som en politisk entreprenør i casene om Økodesignforordningen (ESPR) og Bærekraftsdirektivet (CSRD). For å svare på dette, anvender avhandlingen det konseptuelle rammeverket ‘politisk entreprenørskap’ og undersøker spesifikt koalisjonsbygging og agendasetting i EP. Denne oppgaven anvender metoden komparativ case-study analyse. Mer spesifikt tar forskningen sikte på å forstå prosessene EP bruker når de forhandler om ny bærekraftig lovgivning. Funnene ble samlet inn ved å utforske parlamentariske debatter, meninger fra EP-komiteene og analysere endringer i de relevante sakene. Oppgaven viser at EP har opptrådt som en politisk entreprenør i sakene om ESPR og CSRD, ved å benytte seg av strategier som koalisjonsbygging og agendasetting. En undersøkelse av forskjellene mellom disse casene gir innsikt i EPs metoder, inkludert koalisjoner på tvers av komiteer og politiske partier. Videre identifiserer den forskjeller mellom de to casene: ESPR utvidet regelverket for bærekraftige produkter, mens CSRD forbedret rapporteringsstandarder og reduserte grønnvasking med bred politisk støtte. Funnene tyder imidlertid på at EUs komplekse lovgivningsprosess ofte begrenser EPs innflytelse gjennom forhandlinger med EU-Kommisjonen og Rådet. Å balansere bærekraftsmål med økonomiske interesser byr også på utfordringer, noe som man ser i motstanden mot strengere bransjereguleringer i ESPR. Sammen viser disse funnene at EP er en politisk entreprenør som fremmer bærekraft i tekstilindustrien. EP har i økende grad posisjonert seg som en sentral aktør innen miljøstyring i EU. Innflytelsen på utformingen av både ESPR og CSRD tydeliggjør parlamentets bidrag til å fremme bedriftsansvar, sirkulærøkonomi og åpenhet. Dette understreker EPs sterke engasjement for bærekraftig politikkutforming på europeisk nivå.The European Parliament (EP) is often seen as the environmental champion of the European Union (EU). This thesis aims to investigate how and to what extent the EP acted as a political entrepreneur in the cases of the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR) and the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD). To answer this, the thesis applies the conceptual framework of political entrepreneurship and specifically examines coalition-building and agenda-setting within the EP. The methodology for this thesis is a comparative case study with document analysis. Specifically, the research aims to understand the processes in which the EP engages when negotiating new sustainable legislation. The findings were gathered by exploring parliamentary debates, opinions from the EP committees, and analysing compromise amendments in the relevant cases. The thesis finds that the EP has acted as a political entrepreneur in the cases of the ESPR and the CSRD, by employing coalition-building and agenda-setting strategies. Examining the distinctions between these legislations provides insight into the EP's methods, including cross-party and cross-committee coalitions. Furthermore, it identifies differences between the two cases: the ESPR expanded product sustainability regulations, while the CSRD improved reporting standards and reduced greenwashing with widespread political support. However, the findings indicate that the EU's complex legislative process frequently limits the EP's influence through negotiations with the Commission and Council. Balancing sustainability goals with economic interests also presents challenges, as seen in the pushback against stricter industry regulations in the ESPR. Together, these insights demonstrate that the EP is a crucial political entrepreneur promoting sustainability in the textile industry. It has positioned itself as a key player in environmental governance. Its impact on the ESPR and CSRD highlights its contribution to corporate responsibility, the circular economy, and transparency, reaffirming the EP's commitment to sustainable EU policymaking
Fortau Myrlandsvegen
Full text linkBakgrunnen for oppgaven er behovet og etterslepet i Ålesund etter trygge løsninger for myke trafikanter. Strekningen oppgaven baserer seg på er nesten 1,5 kilometer lang, og er et stort boligområde som har hatt en kontinuerlig vekst gjennom de siste 65 årene. Strekningen startet som en enkel gate, men store utbygginger med boliger uten en oppgraderinger av gaten har gjort det til en ikke- vennlig strekning for myke trafikanter.
I oppgaven har det blitt prosjektert en løsning med fortau langs hele Myrlandsvegen. Dette inkluderer utforming av fortauet i kryssområder etter gjeldene krav og anbefalinger.
Fokusområdene vært trafikksikkerhet for myke trafikanter og en vurdering av inngrep på privat grunn. Det har blitt gjort grundige vurderinger av hvilke areal som har blitt brukt for å få plass til et nytt fortau.
Oppgaven har brukt Statens vegvesen håndbøker, Ålesund kommunes gatenorm og innspill og råd fra veiledere fra Ålesund kommune. Løsningen for strekningen har blitt modellert i 3D ved hjelp av AutoCAD og Novapoint.The background for this project is the need for, and backlog in, providing safe solutions for vulnerable road users in Ålesund. The section on which the project is based is nearly 1.5 kilometers long and runs through a large residential area that has experienced continuous growth over the past 65 years. The road originally started as a simple street, but extensive residential development without corresponding upgrades to the road has made it unfriendly and unsafe for pedestrians and cyclists.
In this project, a continuous sidewalk solution along the entire length of Myrlandsveien has been designed. This includes the layout and design of sidewalks in intersection areas in accordance with current standards and recommendations.
The focus areas have been traffic safety for vulnerable road users and an assessment of encroachments on private property. Thorough evaluations have been conducted to determine which areas could be utilized to accommodate the new sidewalk.
The project has used guidelines from the Norwegian Public Roads Administration (Statens vegvesen), the Ålesund Municipality street standards, and input and advice from municipal supervisors. The proposed solution has been modeled in 3D using AutoCAD and Novapoint
Distributed 3D-SLAM for Small Autonomous Agents
No full textModerne 3D LiDAR og kartleggingssystemer er ofte kostbare og krever betydelige beregningsressurser. Dette prosjektet presenterer et rimelig alternativ: en komplett sensorpakke for kartlegging og posisjonering utviklet for omtrent 2000 kroner. Systemet integrerer fire VL53L7CX time-of-flight-sensorer for å oppnå nesten 360° dybdeinformasjon, kombinert med en egenutviklet SLAM-algoritme som estimerer bevegelsestrajektorien ved hjelp av punktskyjustering og sensorfusjon med en 9-DOF IMU.
Systemet er utviklet med støtte for multi-agent kartlegging gjennom loop closure-deteksjon. Selv om full testing med flere roboter ikke ble gjennomført innen prosjektperioden, legger arkitekturen til rette for videreutvikling mot samarbeidsbasert SLAM.
Før den fysiske løsningen ble implementert, ble det utviklet et simuleringsmiljø i Unity som etterligner oppførselen til VL53L7CX-sensorene. Simulatoren muliggjorde en hardware-in-the-loop-arbeidsflyt med Raspberry Pi 5, noe som forenklet utvikling og testing.
En demonstrasjon der droner skulle bytte fra GPS-navigasjon til innendørs SLAM med systemet ble planlagt, men på grunn av tidsbegrensninger ble dette ikke realisert. Systemet ble imidlertid testet i selvstendige innendørs kartleggingsscenarier.Current 3D LiDAR and mapping systems are often expensive and require significant computational resources. This project presents a low-cost alternative: a complete mapping and positioning sensor package developed for approximately 2 000 NOK. The system integrates four VL53L7CX time-of-flight sensors to achieve near-360° depth coverage, combined with a custom SLAM algorithm that estimates trajectory using point cloud matching and sensor fusion with a 9-DOF inertial measurement unit (IMU).
The system was developed with support for multi-agent mapping through loop closure detection. Although full multi-robot testing was not completed within the project timeframe, the architecture supports future expansion to collaborative SLAM.
Prior to hardware implementation, a simulation environment was developed in Unity to emulate the behavior of the VL53L7CX sensors. This simulator enabled a hardware-in-the-loop workflow with a Raspberry Pi 5, accelerating development and testing.
A demonstration scenario was planned in which drones would transition from GPS-based navigation to indoor SLAM using the developed system. Due to time constraints, this was not implemented, but the system was successfully tested in standalone indoor mapping scenarios
Gonade- og leverutvikling hos oppdrettet og vill torsk (Gadus morhua) i relasjon til ressursutnyttelse
Full text linkDenne bacheloroppgaven undersøker indre biologiske forskjeller mellom oppdrettstorsk og villtorsk (Gadus morhua), med særlig fokus på lever og gonader, og hvordan disse forskjellene påvirker utnyttelsen av restråstoff. Studien er gjennomført som en del av FHF-prosjektet Modellering og simulering av produksjonsprosesser i sjømatnæringa, hvor målet er å utvikle digital simulering for optimalisering av slakterilinjer for torsk.
Totalt ble 55 individer analysert (34 oppdrettet, 21 villfanget), og det ble samlet inn data på blant annet hepatosomatisk indeks (HSI), gonadosomatisk indeks (GSI), kondisjonsfaktor, leverens farge og eventuell sammenvoksing av indre organer. Resultatene viser tydelige forskjeller mellom opphavene. Oppdrettstorsk hadde høyere HSI og større forekomst av grønnfarging og sammenvoksing. Villtorsken hadde lavere k-faktor og mer proporsjonal størrelse på organene, sett ut ifra kroppsvekt.
Studien viser at slike biologiske ulikheter kan ha direkte betydning for utvikling av automatiserte løsninger for sortering og bearbeiding av høyverdi-råstoff som lever og rogn. Funnene bidrar med viktig innsikt for videre utvikling av bærekraftig ressursutnyttelse i torskeoppdrettsnæringen.This Bachelor thesis investigates the internal biological differences between wild and farmed atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). With particular focus on the liver and gonads, and how these differences can affect the utilization of residual raw materials. We conducted the study in relation to the FHF project Modeling and simulation of production processes in the seafood industry. This project aims to develop digital simulation tools for improving and optimizing cod processing lines.
A total of 55 individual cod were analyzed (34 farmed, 21 wild caught). Data were collected on parameters such as hepatosomatic index (HSI), gonadosomatic index (GSI), condition factor, liver color and any organ adhesions. The results show clear differences between the two origins. Farmed cod had higher HSI, as well as more incidents of green discoloration on the liver, and organ adhesions. Wild cod had lower condition factor and more proportionally sized organs relative to body weight.
This study demonstrates that such biological differences can have direct implications for the development of automated solutions. Especially for sorting and processing high-value raw materials such as liver and roe. These findings provide important insight for the further development of sustainable resource utilization in the cod farming industry