Asian Journal of Research in Animal and Veterinary Sciences
Not a member yet
374 research outputs found
Sort by
Haematological Response, Serum Biochemical Parameters and Sensory Characteristics of Rabbits Fed Diets Containing Graded Levels of Rice Offal Treated with Rumen Filtrate
No full textA ten-week study was carried out to determine the effect of inclusion levels of dietary rumen filtrate-fermented rice offal on the haematology and sensory characteristics of rabbits. Twenty five (25) growing crossbred rabbit bucks weighed between 625.34 g-631.21 g were divided into five (5) treatment groups of five (5) rabbits each with each rabbit serving as a replicate in a completely randomized design experiment. The control group was fed with a diet containing maize as the main energy source while the remaining four groups were fed with diets in which the maize was replaced with 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% rumen filtrate fermented-rice offal meals respectively. Values obtained for measured parameters in all treatment groups for haematological and serum biochemical indices were within the normal range for rabbits. However, the experimental diets had significant effect (P<0.05) on haemoglobin, white blood cell count, monocytes, eosinophiles and blood cholesterol. The diets showed no significant effect (P>0.05) on the sensory properties of rabbit meat. It was concluded that inclusion of rumen filtrate-fermented rice offal at 20% levels in the diets of growing rabbits maintained a good health and better meat quality as shown by results of haematological and organoleptic properties of the rabbits. It was therefore recommended that feed manufacturers and rabbit farmers can incorporate up to 20% of bovine rumen filtrate-fermented rice offal meal in the diets of rabbits without compromising on the health of the rabbits and the quality of rabbit meat
Custom-made Devices Used for Rodent Restraint and Gaseous Anesthesia
No full textTo obtain scientifically reproducible results in animal studies is challenging because inappropriate handling of animals can negatively impact the final results. This is of significance when new / graduate students are attempting animal studies for the first time. The fear expressed by some students in handling rodents makes experimental research problematic. During the course of a graduate student experience, we developed three (3) devices which were hand made and customized for their intended use in various studies. We prepared a restrainer for tail snips/ IV cannulation, a device for intraperitoneal injections and a chamber for temporary anesthesia. These restrainers consisted of recycled plastic bottles of various sizes and helped to improve the ease of handling laboratory animals. We found that these devices were useful in carrying out experimental research in rodents whilst maintaining minimal risk to the handler. The devices created an environment where students with limited experience in animal handling can perform simple procedures easily without additional assistance The fact that the risk of zoonotic infections is greatly reduced and the fear of bites and scratches is minimized, students can utilize these devices to aid in the conduct of their laboratory experiments with rodents. The devices provided a simple and effective method for blood collection, intraperitoneal and subcutaneous injections. Although good animal handling techniques is advocated, the use of these devices can reduce the risk of scratched and bites and allow novice scientists to perform experimental procedures with relative ease
Efficacy of Neem Leaf (Azadirachta indica) Meal as an Alternative to Antibiotic in Broiler Ration
No full textThe present work aimed at studying growth performance, carcass traits and health status in broiler chicken fed on dietary Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf Meal (NLM) over a period of 4 weeks. Day old broiler chicks (180) were randomly assigned to six treatment groups, each with 3 replicates (10). The last treatment was designated as control (T6) in which no supplement was added to the feed, on the other hand T5 named as antibiotic group which contain antibiotic supplement with feed, while in treatments T1, T2 and T3, T4 NLP was provided as 1.0%,1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5% of feed, respectively. All the data were analyzed statistically at 5% level of significance. The results revealed a significant (P<0.05) decrease in feed intake (2101 g and 2104 g ) at 4 weeks in T3 and T4 group bird, but produced live weight (1708 g and 1712 g) which had no significant (P>0.05) difference with birds consumed highest amount of feed. The significantly (P<0.05) highest hemoglobin (16.33 gm/dl) was in 2.0% NLM broiler chicken than other Neem, control and antibiotic groups. No significant (P>0.05) difference was found in glucose and cholesterol for any treatment groups of broiler chicken, but significantly lowest (P<0.05) uric acid was observed in 1.50% NLM treated group than antibiotic group. The NLM treated groups broiler chicken showed no significant (P>0.05) difference in Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes and Eosinophils counts comparing with antibiotic and control groups. Neem treated groups showed significantly (P<0.05) higher liver weight (43.67 g to 46.67 g) than antibiotic group (31.0 g). Spleen weights were not affected (P>0.05) by any treatments. The highest (P<0.05) viable bacteria was found in control group (163 x 104) than antibiotic (33 x 104) and Neem treated groups. But, Neem and antibiotic treated groups showed no significant (P>0.05) difference among them. The results of the study demonstrate the beneficial effects of supplementing NLM on body weight gain and dressed yield in the treated groups in broiler chicken. NLM is, therefore, suggested to be used as an alternative of antibiotics on broiler chicken ration for higher profitability
An Over View of Bovine Dermatophytosis
No full textDermatophytosis is a superficial fungal infection of hair and keratinized layers of the epidermis and is caused by keratinophilic and keratinolytic genera such as Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton. It is an endemic infection in many countries throughout the world affecting companion animals (dogs, cats), domestic animals (calves), and laboratory animals (rabbits) as well as humans. T. verrucosum considered the main cause of ringworm in cattle. The typical lesion is a heavy, grey-white crust, circular and raised above the skin most frequently found on the head and neck. The disease can be diagnosed by direct examination, fungal culture, skin biopsy sero and molecular diagnosis methods. This review will forecast more light of the different aspects of this disease
Comparative Analysis of Growth Performance of Broiler Fed with Different Commercial Feeds of Bangladesh
No full textThe present research work was conducted to analyze the growth performance of broiler fed with different commercial feeds of Bangladesh. For this purpose, a total of 200 Cobb-500 broiler day old chicks were purchased and divided into four treatment groups and fed with four different commercial feeds produced in feed mills of Bangladesh. Parameters like body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and survivability were observed up to 28 days to compare the performance of different dietary groups. Regarding body weight, the highest body weight was recorded in T3 treatment group which was statistically different from remaining groups (P<.05). Among the four treatment groups, highest and lowest total feed intakes were found in T3 (2388.8 g/bird) and T1 (1772.2 g/bird) groups. Average feed intake was found higher at four weeks of age in every treatment groups compared to early one to three weeks and they were statistically significant ((P<.05). FCR value was highest (1.55:1) in T2 dietary group indicated lower feed conversion efficiency and T4 dietary group showed better feed conversion efficiency as the FCR value was lowest (1.33:1). Compare to other treatment groups, T4 group showed 100% survivability. The present study reveals that feeds supplied to T3 and T4 were found to be better than those of T1 and T2 for the production of commercial broiler for the age of duration of day old to 28 days. So, farm owner of Bangladesh needs to check the nutrient content of commercial feed properly before providing it to broiler chickens. 
Exploring Women Participation in Small-scale Dairy Farming: A Case of Paikgachha Upazila, Khulna, Bangladesh
No full textThe study was conducted to assess the extent of participation of rural women in small-scale dairy farming for poverty reduction in two villages at Paikgachha upazila in the Khulna district, Bangladesh. Data were collected from 50 respondents through direct interviews involved in small-scale dairy farming during June 2017. The study revealed that majority of the women were middle aged (66%) in joint families (68%) with being literates (82%). Majority of the respondent families were marginal farmers (44%, 0.02-0.20 ha) followed by small farmers (42%, 0.21-1.00 ha) with high annual family income (62%,>1,50,000 Tk.) having dairy farming (100%) as the major occupation. About 25 operations of dairy farming were selected in consultation with experts and were broadly categorized into six aspects as economic, feeding, breeding, livestock management, health care, purchasing, processing and marketing activities. The study revealed that women participation was maximum in watering to livestock, cleaning of animal sheds, chopping of straw, care of new born calves, management of calves. The farm women participation was least in farm record maintenance, feeding of urea treated straw, artificial insemination (AI) practice, purchasing of feeds and fodder. Majority (82%) of the respondents had no organizational participation. All the respondents had low extension contact and majority (58%) of them was low cosmopolitanism, all of them having no training but they having high knowledge about dairying activities. Among fourteen selected characteristics of the respondents only age and knowledge had shown positive significant relationship with participation of women in dairy farming activities with 30.5% contribution to the total income returned from these activities with increased happiness, improved education and improved housing condition, which are the poverty reduction indicators
Livestock Development for Sustainable Livelihood of Small Farmers
No full textLivestock is significantly contributing to livelihood and food security of more than a billion people in different parts of the world. However, the performance has been poor in many developing countries, due to various reasons. This paper reviews the distribution of different species of large and small ruminants and their status of production in different countries. The Indian experiences of improving cattle and goat husbandry to generate sustainable livelihood, has been very successful in empowering the poor, which has also been presented. Significant factors which have contributed to the success were genetic improvement, promotion of suitable technologies, development of infrastructure to strengthen the value chain and mentoring of small livestock owners to address their technical and business related problems. This review on status of livestock in different countries, demand for various products of livestock origin and impact of various interventions on performance will help to set priority for investment on development of different species
Breeding Response of Clarias gariepinus Induced with Pituitary Gland and Synthetic Hormone (Ovulin) and the Effect on Growth Performance of Its Hybrid in New Bussa, Nigeria
No full textA study on the effect of using different hormones (Dry pituitary, Fresh pituitary and Synthetic hormone) on the breeding performance of Clarias gariepinus and growth response of the resultant hybrid was carried out. The experiment was conducted in a Completely Randomized Design at the Hatchery Complex of National Institute for Freshwater Fisheries Research, New Bussa, Nigeria. The treatments were T1 (Inducement with Dry pituitary gland), T2 (Inducement with Fresh pituitary gland) and T3 (Inducement with Ovulin synthetic hormone). The result of the study showed that there were significant differences (P<0.05) in all the treatment means in terms of fertilization and hatching rate. However, all the growth performance parameters tested (final weight, mean weight gain, specific growth rate, survival rate and condition factor), showed no significant difference (P>0.05). The Pituitary extract treatments were observed to have fish of higher growth than those of synthetic hormone (Ovulin). However, dried pituitary extract (T1) was observed to have better growth performance than fresh pituitary extract (T2) and synthetic hormone (ovulin). Based on the findings of this study therefore, dried pituitary extract is recommended for induced breeding of African catfish
Performance of Broilers Starter Fed Diets Containing Varying Crude Protein Levels
No full textExperiment was conducted in the Livestock Research and Teaching Farm Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto. To determine the performance of broiler starter fed diets containing varying crude protein levels (23, 25 and 27% CP) diets tagged T1, T2 and T3 were compounded respectively. Using two hundred and ten (210) Ross 308 day old chicks were used replicated seven times each treatment had 10 chicks per treatment. Feed intake, water intake and body weight of the birds were determined and compared. Result of final body weight, body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were significantly different (P<0.05), for all the treatment while water intake and percent mortality showed no significant difference (P>0.05). It could be concluded that in this ecological zone, feeding up to 27% CP to broiler starters promotes live weight gain and feed efficiency
Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Termites (Macrotermes bellicosus) on the Performance of Broiler Chickens
No full textEight weeks feeding trails were conducted with 120 broiler chickens at poultry production unit of the Department of Animal Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto. The aim is to determine performance characteristics of broilers fed termite supplemented diet (Macrotermes bellicosus) at starter and finisher stage. A commercial diet was compared with two other diets; fishmeal diet and termite supplemented diet. Each of the three treatments was replicated four times, with ten chicks per replicate in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Broilers were fed regularly throughout the period of the experiment. Results of Carcass evaluation showed significant (P˂0.05) difference in weight of broiler parts like; breast, drum stick and liver, but there was no significant (P˃0.05) difference in back, thigh, wings and gizzard in all treatment diets. Other parts; feet, head, and spleen showed significant (P˂0.05) difference. But neck, heart, lungs, intestine and crop shows no significant (P˃0.05) difference in their weights. Proximate analysis showed no significant (P˃0.05) difference in nutrient composition in all the treatment diets, only ash showed significant (P˂0.05) difference in fishmeal. Mineral composition showed significant (P˂0.05) difference in almost all treatment diets except in phosphorus, copper and zinc. It was concluded that termite supplemented diet can successfully and economically replace fishmeal as protein source in the diets of broilers without deleterious effect on their health and carcass quality