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IMPROVEMENT OF SHEEP OOCYTE COMPETENCE IN VITRO THROUGH GLUTATHIONE ADDITION
No full textOocyte competence is a primary factor for the success of embryo production in vitro. This research aims to determine the effect of supplementation glutathione in sheep oocytes’ maturation and fertilization rates in vitro. In the first research, maturation oocytes were conducted in a medium supplemented with GSH at graded doses for 24 hours. In the second research, 1.0 mM GSH (the best dose from research I) was supplemented in the maturation medium, fertilization medium, and their combination for 14 hours. The higher oocyte maturation rates were significant (P < 0.05) in the GSH supplementation of 1.0 mM (87.00%). Furthermore, supplementation of GSH on the maturation medium resulted in a higher normal fertilization rate (56.43%) than in other groups. It is concluded that GSH supplementation on the maturation medium is more effective in increasing the competence of sheep oocytes to be mature and results in improved fertilization rates
FIRST REPORT ON HUNTING BEHAVIOR OF MIGRATORY ORIENTAL HONEY-BUZZARD (PERNIS PTILORHYNCHUS ORIENTALIS) TOWARDS MIGRATORY GIANT HONEYBEE (APIS DORSATA DORSATA) (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE) ON JAVA ISLAND, INDONESIA
No full textBoth Migratory Oriental Honey-buzzard (Pernis ptilorhynchus orientalis) and migratory giant honeybee (Apis dorsata dorsata) can be found in South-east Asia. The Oriental Honey-buzzard is the main predator of the giant honeybee, prey upon its honeycomb, larvae, and honey. Its existence always follows the migration of the giant honeybee. They stay on Java island during the migratory season. The giant honeybee lives in a large colony and has a powerful sting that is useful for defence against its predators. The bee is among the most dangerous animals since its threatening defensive behavior causes severe impact on the eagle and is even frequently fatal for human beings. Data collections on hunting behavior of the Oriental Honey-buzzard were based on irregular observations and interviews between the year 2003 to 2019. We categorized five hunting behaviors during data collections: flying orientation around the bee’s nest, attack on living nest, failure to collect the living nest, preying upon the newly empty nest, and transferring attack of the angry bee to people nearby. The safest hunting for the Oriental Honey-buzzard is to prey upon newly empty nest left by the honeybee. When the nest was still occupied by the bee colonies, the eagle should develop a strategy to avoid and reduce the risk of being attacked. It sometimes transfers the attack to people nearby
THE IDENTITY OF EUPLOEA TULLIOLUS GOODENOUGHI CARPENTER, 1942, A CROW BUTTERFLY (LEPIDOPTERA: NYMPHALIDAE, DANAINAE) FROM PAPUA NEW GUINEA
No full textThe nominal taxon Euploea tulliolus goodenoughi Carpenter, 1942, based on a unique crow butterfly collected on Goodenough Island in 1913, is shown to represent a small, aberrant female of the locally common Euploea leucostictos eustachius (Kirby, 1889). This new synonymy invalidates the only previous record of the Purple Crow, Euploea tulliolus (Fabricius, 1793), from the islands of Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea. However, two female Euploea tulliolus collected from islands in the Louisiade Archipelago during 2010 are reported here, constituting the first valid records of the Purple Crow from the Milne Bay islands
TRACHYPHARYNX CIBODASI SP.N. (STRONGYLOIDEA : CYATHOSTOMIDAE), A NEW STRONGYLID FROM A RAT, RATTUS TIOMANICUS FROM CIBODAS, WEST JAVA, INDONESIA
No full textTrachypharynx cibodasi sp.n. a new strongylid from a rat, Rattus tiomanicusfrom Cibodas-West Java, lndonesia is described. It differs from other species of Trachypharynx in having less number corona radiata internal elements (20), smaller body measurements and esophageal structure
Mitos dan Realita Perempuan dalam Pemilu: Sebuah Pelajaran dari Situasi Politik Amerika di Era Polarisasi
No full textTujuan dari penulisan tinjauan buku ini adalah untuk membedah buku yang ditulis oleh Danny Hayes dan Jennifer Lawless yang berjudul Women on the Run: Gender, Media, and Political Campaigns in Polarized Era. Buku ini ditulis oleh mereka sebagai respon dari situasi politik Amerika yang berkaitan dengan eksistensi perempuan dalam kehidupan politik Amerika Serikat khususnya dalam dua pemilu sela pada tahun 2010 dan 2014. Buku ini juga memberikan cara pandang baru terhadap area politik di era terpolarisasi di Amerika Serikat dengan berusaha membongkar pemahaman konvensional mengenai bias yang harus dihadapi oleh perempuan dalam dunia politik. Selain itu buku ini juga berusaha mencari tahu apa sebetulnya yang menjadi penyebab masih adanya pemahaman bias gender dalam area politik di Amerika Serikat. Hanya saja, simpulan dari buku ini perlu digunakan secara hati-hati agar pembaca tidak melakukan generalisasi atas kondisi politik yang telah dianggap netral gender dan tidak diskriminatif seperti yang terjadi di Amerika. Pembaca sebaiknya mengontekskan kondisi lanskap politik masing-masing agar dapat menghasilkan temuan yang mengelaborasi temuan Hayes dan Lawless. Dengan demikian, hal ini dapat memperkaya studi-studi tentang kampanye politik, media dan kandidat perempuan dalam kajian ilmu politik
Dinamika Perjuangan Status Politik Papua: Peran Elite Politik Papua Periode 1949-1961
No full textThe involvement of the Papuan elite was influential in the 1962 New York Negotiations, refuting the notion that they were backward or passive. Their role in history deserves to be acknowledged and reviewed objectively. To obtain data, the method used is historical reconstruction. This study aims to identify 1) the Papuan political elite involved in the struggle for Papua's political status (1949-1961), 2) strategies used by Papuan political elites in fighting for Papua's political status from 1949-1961, 3) the impact of the involvement of Papuan political elites on social and political dynamics at that time. The results of this study show that 1) Papua's political elite comes from various professions, including teachers, police, and government employees, such as Corinus Krey, Silas Papare, and Martin Indey, who side with Indonesia. At the same time, Johan Ariks, Nicolaas Jouwe, and Lodewik Mandatjan support the Netherlands. 2) The Papuan political elite held important meetings, drafted resolutions, sent letters, and participated in meetings in Jakarta, Yogyakarta, and the Netherlands. 3). The struggles of the Papuan political elite do not always have a direct impact on colonial or Indonesian policies. However, Papuan political awareness is also growing, forming identity and aspirations in the struggle
Maximum Stress Analysis on Ship Anchor Chains with Various Force Angles
No full textOne of the components of ship fittings is the anchor chain. Usually, when the anchor is moored, it is not always positioned perpendicular to the ship’s hull; instead, it often forms an angle between the chain and the hull. Due to environmental influences or excessive tension occurring at certain angles, there have been cases of anchor chains breaking. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a maximum stress analysis of the ship’s anchor chain with varying force angles to determine the maximum stress experienced by the chain. This research focuses on the anchor chain of the Tug Boat Marina 2435 and utilizes ANSYS Workbench for finite element analysis. In this research, the chain is suspended from the hawse pipe with a diameter of 19 mm, and the loading on the anchor chain is static, consisting of the weight of the chain and the anchor. The angles analyzed are 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, and 60°. The maximum stress on the anchor chain was observed at an angle of 35°, with a value of 6.9943 MPa. The stress at each angle remained below the ultimate tensile strength of the material, which is 515 MPa
PERCEPTION OF THE USEFULNESS OF CONTAINER DEVICES BASED ON SIEVE VARIATIONS ON THE QUALITY OF PINE SAP HARVESTING
No full textOpen pine resin containers in the form of coconut shells and plastic bowls cause the quality of pine sap to decrease, and it is difficult to obtain premium quality, because of the ingress of dirt. The impurities are in the form of leftover twigs, dry pine leaves, grass, soil, and gravel. In addition, when the wind easily releases the coconut shell because the binding is not strong enough with the pine tree. The shell’s pores are finally easily eroded by rain due to the sawing process. Open containers (without covers) are very susceptible to producing less pure pine sap because they are mixed with impurities that fall into the container. They will be difficult to decompose if the dirt is small because the impurities can easily pass through the filter. This study aims to determine the perception of the usefulness of a container tool based on filter variations on the quality of pine resin harvesting. The study was conducted with a quantitative descriptive approach. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire technique that was given to users, namely pine farmers. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, namely calculating the average of the results of the questionnaire recapitulation. The study results showed that the community agreed that the farmers can use the innovation of a pine sap container based on a sieve in harvesting pine sap. The tool has good durability, is easy to maintain, is easy to use, practical, effective use, ; is safe, is easy to store, does not produce waste, and has excellent benefits and functions. The impact of using this tool is that Perhutani no longer needs to look for tools, and the quality of the pine sap harvested with this sieve-based pine sap container is no longer in doubt. With good quality harvested pine sap, the income of the pine sap farmer community has increase
FLAVONOID DARI KULIT BATANG AKWAY (Drimys beccariana, Gibbs) DAN AKTIVITAS SITOTOKSIK TERHADAP SEL KANKER PAYUDARA T47D
No full text Flavonoid compounds obtained from natural products could reduce the risk of cancer. Akway plants (Drimys beccariana, Gibbs) are endemic plants in the Papuan highlands, especially in Manokwari. D. beccariana has been widely used in traditional medicine in West Papua. This study aims to determine the cytotoxic activity of flavonoid from D. beccariana bark against T47D breast cancer cells. Pure compound form isolation was characterized using UV and IR spectrophotometers, and tested cytotoxic activity against T47D breast cancer cell using the Sulforodamine B. method. The D. beccariana stem bark (2.5 kg) was extracted with methanol solvent which was then partitioned with n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents. Ethyl acetate fraction was separated and purified by column chromatography method to yield pure compound (7.1 mg). The UV-Vis spectrum of pure compound showed two bands at λmax 287 (I) and 205 nm (II), as well as the addition of AlCl3 shifting reagents with the addition of 7 and 5nm wavelengths, specific to the -OH and C=O groups in flavonoid compound. The infrared spectrum of pure compound (KBr) showed the presence of –OH stretch (3422 cm-1), C=O (1659 cm-1), C= C aryl (1463 cm-1), and C-O (1060 cm-1) which is typical for flavonoid. The pure flavonoid compound obtained from the of D. beccariana bark showed cytotoxic activity against T47D breast cancer cells with IC50 values of 3.2 µg/mL. D. beccariana is a promising source of breast anticancer agents