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INDOBIOSYS – DNA BARCODING AS A TOOL FOR THE RAPID ASSESSMENT OF HYPERDIVERSE INSECT TAXA IN INDONESIA: A STATUS REPORT
No full textA status report with preliminary results for the IndoBioSys project is presented and the impact of the project results for our knowledge of the Indonesian fauna is discussed. Using the REST API available on the Barcode of Life Data System we recover 21,153 public records (3,390 BINs) from Indonesia and compare against the 21,813 records (3,580 BINs) generated by the IndoBioSys project. From all IndoBioSys BINs, 3,366 (94%) are new to Indonesia. IndoBioSys is responsible for a BIN increase of 36.5% in Lepidoptera, 62.6% in Trichoptera, 986% in Coleoptera, and 1,086% in Hymenoptera. After two years of the IndoBioSys project, the Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense became the depository institution of 51.9% of Lepidoptera records, 95.8% of Coleoptera records, 97.6% of Hymenoptera records and 59.4% of Trichoptera records for Indonesia available on Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD). Now, with 55% of all Indonesian records available on BOLD, it is the most important depository for records of Indonesian genetic biodiversity, housing more than 23,000 new voucher specimens in their collections. Before IndoBioSys, the Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense was responsible for only 9% of all records available in the Barcode of Life Data System for Indonesia, showing the importance of those pipelines in empowering the local institutions in becoming the reference depository of the local fauna
A new species of Microhyla (Anura: Microhylidae) from Sumatra, Indonesia
No full textA new species of frog in the genus Microhyla is described from Sumatra, Indonesia based on molecular and morphological characters. This new species was previously confused with M. achatina, a Javan endemic. This new species is diagnosable from its congeners by possessing a medium size (SVL in adult males 18.20–21.32 mm, in adult females 20.37–25.51 mm), a stout body, a nostril–eyelid length being about half of the snout length, having a single outer palmar tubercle, a tibiotarsal articulation reaching the center of the eye (when the hindlimbs are stretched and adpressed to the body), having finger and toe tips dilated, having the dorsum with medial longitudinal grooves, and excibiting a very thin and short dark stripe on the temporal region above a wider cream stripe, extending from the postorbital area to insertion of forelimb. Additionally, the new species is characterized by possessing relatively little foot webbing. Uncorrected 16S rRNA sequence divergences between the new taxon and sequences for other congeneric species available ranged from 4.8 to 15.0%
DIVERSITY OF ODONATA IN LANGSA URBAN FOREST, LANGSA, ACEH, INDONESIA
No full textOdonata is important as environmental bioindicator as well as pest control. Langsa Urban Forest (LUF) is a 10-ha green open space in Langsa City, Aceh Province which serves the purpose of tourism and support biodiversity conservation, in which Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) is included. Thereis a lack of Odonata research in Langsa, especially at the LUF area, therefore this study offers a baseline information for wildlife management. Field observations had been conducted between February to March 2022 using line-transect method. As a result, this study recorded 19 Odonata species from four families, of which Orthetrum sabina (Libellulidae) became the most prominent species observed. Odonata diversity in LUF was medium (H’ = 1.863-2.252) with population of each species presumed to be nearly even (J = 0.71-0.79). Odonata diversity in LUF serves as additional information on Odonata species found in Indonesia, especially Aceh Province. Also, the medium category of Odonata diversity index in LUF can be used as a reference for LUF management to support more ecosystems as Odonata habitat
Macrochelid mite (Acari: Gamasida) associated with dung beetles in Baluran National Pak, East Java, Indonesia
No full textEight mite species of the family Macrochelidae (Acari: Gamasida) were collected from the body surface of dung beetles in Baluran National Park, East Java, Indonesia. Of these, one species, Macrocheles subwallacei sp. nov., was describe as new to science. Female of Macrocheles crispa (Berlese, 1910) was rediscribed and the male was described for the first time. The remaining six species were Neopodocinum  jaspersi (Oudemans, 1900), M. dispar (Berlese, 1910), M. hallidayi Walter & Krantz, 1986, M. entetiensis Hartini & Takaku, 2005, M. jabarensis Hartini & Takaku, 2003 and M. persimilis Hartini, Dwibadra & Takaku, 2007
PUPINIDAE OF JAVA (GASTROPODA: CAENOGASTROPODA)
No full textThe systematics and distribution of the family Pupinidae (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea) in Java is reviewed. The family is represented in Java by four species of the genus Pupina, P. bipalatalis, P. compacta, P. junghuhni, and P. treubi. The shells of the species are described and figured, and the distribution data of the species are summarized. We have synonymized Pupina verbeeki Möllendorff, 1897 with Pupina treubi Boettger, 1890. All of the species except P. treubi, which is also known from Sumatra, are endemic to Java. Most previous records of Pupina from Java were from the western part of the island. Our new records show that the Pupina species are also more widespread in the drier central and eastern parts of Java. Their conservation status is therefore Least Concern. 
Synthesis and Characterization of Alginate-Cellulose Xanthate Beads from Corn Stalk with NaCl As Porogen
No full textIn this study, the synthesis of porous beads from corn stalks was carried out. The cellulose extracted from corn stalks was converted into cellulose xanthate and combined with alginate to form porous alginate-cellulose xanthate beads by the ionic gelation method. This study attempted to use sodium chloride (NaCl) as a porogen and zinc acetate as a crosslinker. Beads were characterized to determine the porosity, swelling properties, and functional groups using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR). The geometry of beads was analyzed by optical microscopy, and its surface morphology was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). The results showed that corn stalks as agricultural waste material could be used to synthesize porous beads material. The swelling and porosity of beads increased with increasing concentration of NaCl. The presence of porogen has increased beads formation. The results demonstrate the crosslinks between zinc acetate and alginate were successfully characterized using FTIR. NaCl concentration of 9.5% resulted in the highest swelling properties (52.80%) and porosity (81.4%) of the beads
Medium Optimization for Antimicrobial Production By Newly Screened Lactic Acid Bacteria
No full textLactic acid bacteria (LAB) are important for prevention of spoilage and pathogenic bacterial growth in foods due to their ability to generate antimicrobial substances. The objective of this study was to screen LAB for antimicrobial activity and to optimize culture medium for antimicrobial production using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Design (CCD). Optimization of antimicrobial production of selected LAB was conducted with different combinations of glucose, NaCl, inoculum, and temperature. Our experimental results showed that from 129 LAB isolates, 55 showed significant inhibition against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger, and Candida albicans. No isolates inhibited the growth of Aspergillus flavus. Lactobacillus plantarum LIPI13-2-LAB011 was selected for further study on culture medium optimization to inhibit the growth of C. albicans. From statistical analysis, the production of antimicrobial substances was significantly influenced by temperature, NaCl, and concentration of glucose. Furthermore, the optimum concentrations of glucose, concentration of inoculum, temperature, and NaCl were 1.63 %, 3.03%, 33.74°C, and 3.4%, respectively, with a maximum predicted inhibition index of 1.916, which increased 3.56-fold compared to that obtained in medium before optimization processes. The result was confirmed as when the optimum concentration of nutritions used, the inhibition index increased 3.12-fold