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REALISME KRITIS: PEMAHAMAN BARU TENTANG PENELITIAN ILMU SOSIAL
No full textCritical realism is a current in philosophy of social science, which emerged in the 1970s in the United Kingdom as a reaction toward two other currents in philosophy of science that in the past dominated the natural sciences: positivism and idealism. In the 1980s the scope of critical realism was extended to include the social sciences. Critical realism claims to present a new view and better understanding of the practice of social research compared to those currently in sway. The philosophy of science presented by critical realism is quite complicated, but important enough to be given serious attention. The purpose of this article is to discuss a number of topics which crucial for the proper understanding of the current of philosophy of science as well as its implications for the practice of research in the social science
MSAA DAN MRNIA BAGI RECOVERY DANA BLBI: SEBUAH JALAN KELUAR ATAU “JALAN UNTUK KELUARâ€
No full textIn performing its task to recovery, BPPN has an authority to manage assets guaranteed by debtors who have got BLBI after the monetery crisis in 1997. BPPN also has an authority to sell assets of debtors who have signed Master Settlement and Acquitition Agreement (MSAA) or Master Refinancing and Note Issuance Agreement (MRNIA). Both are the instruments, offered by BPPN as a recovery procedure. The assets can be sold directly by either BPPN or its representatives. Generally speaking, BPPN creates a holding company to manage the selling of assets of each organization group, who have signed the MSAA/MRNIA. However, many debtors of BLBI use these instruments as a way to escape their responsibility to return BLBI. This is caused by, among others, release and discharge clausuls in those agreement. It indicates that there is still the weaknesses in those agreement. Therefore, it must reviewed to make its clear. This article attempts to analyze those agreement, not only their status in the public and private law in this country but also the advantaged value of those agreement in the economic sector. In fact, those agreement can be the out of court settlement in the private law only but can’t abolish the demand in the public law. Keywords: MSAA, MRNIA, Dana BLBI, BPP
PENEGAKAN SYARIAT ISLAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF HAM INTERNASIONAL DAN KONSTITUSI
No full textThis study reveals that the implementation of Islamic syariat has fundamentally changed its view from political issue to basic human rights. The existing of Indonesian government can not eventually stop the implementation of syariat Islam taking place in Indonesia. The International Covenant on Civics and Political Rights (ICCPR) 1966 and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) 1996 and also the 1945 Indonesian Constitution have shown to concern in protecting religious implementation. The implementation of Islamic Syariat Law in Aceh, Banten and South Sulawesi Provinces has given a significant evidence. The notion of the freedom expression and freedom of religion based on international and national laws make Indonesian government has dramatically changed its attitude to be more democratic and tolerant. Keywords: Syariat Islam, Hak Asasi Manusia, Konstitus
CAPITALIZATION OF ASSETS AS THE “MYSTERY†BEHIND CAPITAL
No full textTitle of Book : The Mystery of Capital Author : Hernando de Soto Year Published : 2000 Number of pages : 276 page
THE CHANGING CONSTITUTION IN INDONESIA AND THE UNITED KINGDOM: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
No full textTitle of Book : The Changing Constitution Fourth Edition Edited By : Jeffrey Jowell and Dawn Oliver Year Published : 2000 Number of Pages : 38
CONSTITUTIONALIZING HUMAN RIGHTS: A Comparative Studies on Thailand and Indonesia’s Constitutional Reform
No full textPerkembangan dan proses reformasi konstitusi di suatu Negara tidak bisa terlepas dari pengaruh konsep-konsep global di antaranya adalah konsep hak asasi manusia. Konsep hak asasi manusia merupakan suatu konsep yang paling penting peranannya dan paling banyak diadopsi di abad ini. Namun demikian dalam proses adopsi ke dalam konstitusi suatu negara, konsep ini mengalami lagi proses ‘adaptasi’ sejalan dengan situasi politik dan sosial-budaya di Negara penerima. Hal ini diperlihatkan dalam proses reformasi konstitusi yang dilakukan di dua Negara Asia yang berada dalam situasi transisi demokrasi yaitu Thailand dan Indonesia. Dari perbandingan dua negara ini ditunjukkan bahwa tidak akan ada dua Negara yang mengadopsi konsep hak asasi manusia yang serupa secara substansial. Di dalam perjalanannya konsep ini akan mengalami interpretasi, modifikasi -dan bahkan mengalami perubahan- yang pada akhirnya akan menghasilkan sebuah konsep hak asasi manusia yang memiliki karakteristik yang khusus
DIMENSI ETNO-POLITIK PEMEKARAN WILAYAH DAN PILKADA Beberapa Catatan dan Pemikiran
No full textThe events surrounding Suharto’s resignation in May 1998 and its aftermath pararelly followed by the occurrences of communal conflicts in several places such as Maluku, Central Sulawesi and Kalimantan. Interestingly these communal conflicts also occurred at the same time with the process of splitting of the district territories (pemekaran) that were accelerating under the implementation of the new law of decentralization and regional autonomy in 2001. This paper utilizing the political demography perspective is a preliminary attempt to look at the possible linkages between ethnodemographic configuration and the communal conflict within particular geographic administrative boundaries and its repercussions on the process of pemekaran. As the implementation of the direct election of the local governmental head (Pilkada) is currently underway the paper also provides some notes on the ethno-political dynamics of this regional version of people’s direct election. The paper argues that ethnicity is mattered in the process of pemekaran and could be manipulated by the local elites in their attempt to obtain mass support during the Pilkada. More systematic research however is needed to better understand the complex nexus between ethnicity and local politics in Indonesia
Marginalisasi Hukum Adat pada Masyarakat Adat The marginalization of adat law on adat communities
No full texthis paper attempts to see adat and adat law marginalizations, and the implications on adat peoples. In Indonesia, despite the recognition for adat peoples in the Constitution and formal rules, including adat institutions, in practice there has been a long-term marginalization. The inconsistent State’s policies towards the adat law application play a role in the marginalization of adat communities at various levels. Having field research in Ciptagelar, Karang and Guradog kasepuhan communities in western Java and legal pluralism perspective, this paper elucidates the lack of adat law recognition giving certain impacts on adat peoples, including on their social lives and livelihood. This study also proves that although adat law is not practically adopted by the State, in some cases, adat peoples find strategies to maintain their beliefs and adat law. Thus, in a broader context, the marginalization is unable to eliminate adat and adat law as a whole. To date the practice of multi-legal systems in a plural society, such as Indonesia, still takes place, both in conflict and coexistence. Moreover, in discussing Indonesia’s implementation of law from a community perspective, the distinction between formal and informal systems is still needed and legal unification only functions within certain limit
FRAGMENTASI UMAT DAN PENCIPTAAN OTORITAS KEAGAMAAN: TANGGAPAN TERHADAP ‘ISLAM LOKAL’ DAN ‘ISLAM ASING’ DI INDONESIA
No full textToday, Islamist groups in Indonesia are apprehensive with Islam Nusantara, a catch-all term to refer to various expressions of localised Islam and socio-political thoughts and attitudes propagated by the country’s largest Muslim organisation, the Nahdlatul Ulama (NU). In response, the proponents of Islam Nusantara call for the unity of Indonesian Muslims to restrain what they perceive as an orchestrated effort to Arabize Indonesian Islam and eradicate local cultures and traditions. By looking at Banten and Madura through ethnographic fieldworks in between 2009-2018, this paper investigates the contestation between supporters of ‘local’ and ‘foreign’ Islam in defining their own Islam and making religious authority. While both supporters share the global viewpoints of Sunni Islam, the former is strongly characterised by local cultures and traditions that have been well preserved for centuries. The latter is well-known to display foreign-influenced, mostly Salafism from Gulf countries, expressions of Islam that include communal piety, religious commodification, Islamic populism, and popular Islamism. I argue that in both contemporary Banten and Madura, the defining of Islam and the making of religious authority have been frequently marked by conflicting responses in complex and fluctuated relationships. The relationships involve the phenomena of contestation between variants of Indonesian Islam and the fragmentation of the ummah
Dakwah dan Kesalehan: Studi tentang Gerakan Teras Dakwah di Kalangan Remaja Yogyakarta
No full textAbstrak Lembaga Sosial Teras Dakwah (TD) didirikan pada tahun 2011 melalui sepetak teras rumah berukuran 2, 2 x 12 meter di kampung Nitikan Yogyakarta. Tujuan utama lembaga ini adalah sebagai wadah pemersatu ummat Islam lintas harakah. Selanjutnya penelitian ini ingin menjelaskan tentang konsep dakwah dan kesalehan di era kontemporer melalui teknologi komunikasi baru. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi dan didukung dengan literatur yang relevan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa gerakan Teras Dakwah mengindikasikan ketidakpuasan gerakan Islam kontemporer dengan praktik kesalehan yang diajarkan oleh otoritas lama, serta tidak mampu menyesuaikan dengan kehidupan kontemporer. Kemudian melalui program hapus tato, Teras Dakwah menunjukkan bahwa organisasi membuka ruang kesalehan bagi muslim yang sedang dalam proses hijrah. Di samping itu, Teras Dakwah mendiskusikan konsep dakwah dengan budaya populer untuk memberikan kenyamanan bagi mereka yang sedang mencari kesalehan seperti, mendesain halaman rumah layaknya sebuah kafe, mengonsep tema dakwah yang menarik dan membuat video tematik berdurasi singkat yang menjelaskan tentang jadwal pengajian yang akan berlangsung. Sehingga fenomena ini membuka ruang diskusi tentang dakwah dan kesalehan dalam gerakan Islam kontemporer. Di samping itu, fenomena kemunculan Teras Dakwah menunjukkan bahwa Islam tidak sekedar sebagai agama masjid. Kata Kunci: Gerakan Islam Kontemporer, Kesalehan dan Budaya Popule