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Behavioral form finding using multi-agent systems: a computational methodology for combining generative design with environmental and structural analysis in architectural design
No full text2019-08-15The current architectural design models are in general not capable of integrating the design formation processes that are directly informed by building performance simulation and construction processes. Developing computational design methods which consider building design holistically and help reduce the increasing complexity in the fields of architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) are considered crucial as we move towards the digitalization of our built environment. ❧ This dissertation presents a behavioral design methodology for exploring architectural design alternatives in the early design stage based on the coupling of geometrical parameters with environmental and structural analysis as well as autonomous construction processes. The methodology is implemented in a multi-agent systems framework, in which building elements are represented as agents. The framework considers the design to construction process holistically; and to facilitate an integrative design process, domain specific data which relates to different design phases (architectural, structural, environmental design) can be used to inform the agent's behaviors. ❧ The proposed framework is applicable for the early design stage and especially design problems which traditionally require the close collaboration of architects and engineers, such as façade design and shell structures. The objective is to facilitate passing data between the different type of models (architectural, structural environmental) and to enable architectural designers to explore larger solution spaces and gain deeper insight into complex building design decisions. To achieve this, a prototype design tool has been developed that allows the decomposition of design problems into agents and behaviors that by interacting in user-specified geometric and data environments automatically generates and evaluates design alternatives based on performance targets set by the designer in the form of heuristic functions. For the purposes of analysis and validation of the methodology, this dissertation presents a series of experimental designs that vary in complexity in which this approach and the design tool have been applied
A group portrait of a children's play on a stage, Los Angeles, circa 1920
No full textA group portrait of a children's play on a stage, Los Angeles, circa 1920. The photograph is by Toyo, Los Angeles. A mixed group of children, Caucasian and Japanese American, dressed in what appears to be traditional Japanese attire. The children stand at the front of the play's set on a school stage. An American flag is partially visible to the right. At the bottom of the stage are several chairs and music stands, presumably for the orchestra or band. The photograph is in good condition
Four gentlemen selling produce at the Sun Produce Company store, Los Angeles, photograph, circa 1920
No full textFour gentlemen selling produce at the Sun Produce Company store, Los Angeles, circa 1920. View of the interior of the company's produce store. Four men, appearing to be Japanese American, stand among the fruit displays, wearing work clothes and aprons. A variety of fruits are displayed for sale in neat stacks, including oranges, bananas and apples. A scale hangs above on the right side. A cash register can be seen on the left of the display stand. Several signs are hung high indicating the different vegetable or fruit sections of the store. The photograph is in good condition
A snapshot of a Japanese style tombstone, Los Angeles, circa 1920
No full textA snapshot of a Japanese style tombstone, Los Angeles, circa 1920. A somewhat blurry view of a rectangular stone pillar with engraved Japanese characters in the middle of the front. The tomb marker is surrounded by plants. The photograph was adhered to a black album page and is generally in good condition
A postcard of "feeding the dragon" by the Chinese at La Fiesta de los Angeles, circa 1900s
No full textA postcard of "feeding the dragon" by the Chinese at La Fiesta de los Angeles, published by Paul C. Koeber Company, New York, circa 1900s. The colored photos shows the face of the dragon approaching a wooden table on which food has been placed for the ceremonial "feeding." In the background are participants and observers of the event and portions of brick buildings in the old Chinatown where Union Station now stands are in view. The postally unused card has some soiling and edge rubbing, but is in good overall condition