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Behavior Changes and LC50 of Dried Garlic (Allium sativum) Acute Toxicity in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Juvenile [RESEARCH NOTE]
Get PDFPlant-based compounds are emerging substitutes for chemical treatments in aquaculture since they are known to cause less harm to both the environment and its organisms. Garlic (Allium sativum) is a popular herb that has a broad range of uses, especially in the control and treatment of bacterial and parasitic diseases. However, its toxicity to tilapia is not well-studied. Hence, this study was conducted to test the toxicity levels of garlic powder in juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by determining the cumulative mortality and median lethal concentration (LC50). Test fish were exposed through immersion in 6 concentrations (150, 200, 250, 300, 350, and 400 mg L-1) of garlic powder with 25% allicin and a control in 96 h static bioassay. Within 24 h, test fish exposed to 250 mg L-1 garlic and above, exhibited abnormal behaviors such as lethargy, gasping for air, and weak responses to environmental stimuli. Cumulative mortality was highest at 100% in 400 mg L-1 garlic at 48 h. Mortalities were dependent on the concentration and duration of exposure. The 96 h LC50 of garlic powder to O. niloticus was 225.86 mg L-1 with lower and upper confidence limits of 210.37 and 242.50 mg L-1, respectively at 27°C
Compositional Properties of Flours and Starches from the Philippine National Seed and Industry Council-registered Root Crops
Get PDFBased in the Visayas State University, Philippines, the germplasm collection of the Philippine Root Crops Research and Training Center (PhilRootcrops) is home to several varieties that have not been fully characterized for their potential use in the production of functional foods. This study evaluated the compositional properties, amylose/amylopectin ratio, and glycemic index of flour and starches of 10 varieties of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. (Lam)), and taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott); 8 varieties of yam (Dioscorea alata L.); and 5 varieties of arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea L.), which was the recommended varieties of the National Seed and Industry Council (NSIC). The total starch as well as the amylose/amylopectin ratio of the starch component was determined using Megazyme assay kits, and the glycemic indices were predicted through enzymatic in vitro starch hydrolysis. Results revealed significant (p \u3c 0.05) varietal variations on flour and starch yield, dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, amylose/amylopectin ratio, and glycemic index. Among these crops, sweet potato was found to have the highest amylose contents, while taro and arrowroot showed lower glycemic indices. These profiles can serve as fundamental information for processors to develop new products that capitalize on these unique properties
Influence of Capacity Building on Nutrition Sensitivity of the Municipal Agriculture Development Plan in Calabarzon, Philippines
Get PDFTo improve the nutrition sensitivity of the Municipal Agriculture Development Plan (MADP) of Calabarzon, a one-group pre-test post-test design quasi-experimental study was conducted involving the Local Agriculture Planners (LAP) of 57 municipalities in the region from March to December 2021. Wilcoxon Paired Signed Rank was used to determine significant differences in the nutrition sensitivity of the MADP and level of knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy of the LAP before and after the intervention. Binary logistic regression analysis was also performed to model the change in the level of the nutrition sensitivity of the MADP. The LAP\u27s level of knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy as well as the nutrition sensitivity of the MADP significantly improved after the capacity building. The study also found that the change in knowledge of municipal agriculturists may increase the nutrition sensitivity of the MADP by 28%. Therefore, capacitating LAP on nutrition-sensitive agriculture can significantly improve their capability to create local agriculture plans that are also nutrition-focused
Assessment of the knowledge, attitude, and practices of female undergraduate students in Santa Cruz, Laguna on taking iron supplementation
No full textAnemia is an on-going problem in the world including the Philippines where it is a mild public health concern. In developing countries, iron deficiency is the main cause of anemia. Women are more susceptible to anemia due to higher iron requirements than men along with physiological factors such as menstruation and pregnancy. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 940 female undergraduate students in Santa Cruz, Laguna where an online questionnaire was used. The level of KAP was classified as high, moderate, and poor for knowledge and practices and positive, neutral, and negative for attitude. The results of the study showed that there is high knowledge, negative attitude, and moderate practices to taking iron supplementation. There is a very weak linear correlation for knowledge and attitude (r!=0.13) and in knowledge and practice (r!=0.17) while there is a weak linear correlation in attitude and practice (r!==0.33). The findings of the study can be used as a case reference for future studies of similar nature that may look into other variables that are beyond the scope of the study
Dietary diversity of public and private high school teachers in a blended work environment during the COVID-19 pandemic in Batangas City
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the nutrition, health, and work-life balance of employees, particularly teachers who have switched to blended work setup. This led the researcher to come up with a study about the dietary diversity of Public and Private High School Teachers in Batangas City in a blended work environment during the pandemic with an aim of describing the sociodemographic characteristics, determining the dietary diversity scores and nutritional status of the teachers, and relating these variables to one another. Through a descriptive-survey design and convenience sampling, the researcher gathered 60 Public and Private High School Teachers. Overall, the study found that most of the teachers (56.67%) have medium dietary diversity and a majority also has a normal nutritional status (83.33%). Further, on the average, the teachers spent 3 to 5 days working from school. Results also show that there is a significant relationship (p=0.029) between the average monthly income of the teachers and their dietary diversity scores. However, the dietary diversity scores of the teachers do not have a significant relationship with their nutritional status (p=0.905). From the results of the study, the researcher suggests that there be a promotion of nutritional wellness programs and improvement in food environments for both home and workplace setup to maintain and improve the nutrition of the teachers
Never enough! A qualitative study on single-parenting and child-rearing in a selected community in Nagcarlan, Laguna
Get PDFSingle parenting is challenging because of the overwhelming responsibilities of earning a living, child-rearing,
feeding, and other household chores. This study aimed to explore the perspectives of single parents in child- rearing and feeding practices as well as the problems they encountered and coping strategies used. A
qualitative research design was employed in this study using focus group discussion as the data collection method. Homogenous sampling was used to select eight (8) single parents living with dependent children. The results of the study showed that single parents experience a wide array of problematic conditions that include lack of money and resources to sustain their needs, inadequate time, and incompleteness of the family that threatens the food intake of the children and their child-rearing practices. In relation to this, children tend to experience different emotional, physical, and spiritual burdens and stresses. To dampen the existing conditions, single parents tend to work harder even though the quality of childcare is compromised. As a result, they seek assistance and support from their immediate family and manifest resiliency and faith. The government must investigate other programs that focus not only on the physical needs of these vulnerable groups but also on some holistic programs that can reduce the effect of the different issues concerning a family managed by a single parent
Chemical composition of Philippine molasses
No full textMolasses samples from nine sugar mills in different regions in the Philippines representing and Mindanao were characterized. The samples were analyzed for proximate, sugars, fatty acids, total organic carbon, anions (chloride, fluoride and sulfate) and mineral composition (Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn). Moisture ranges from 17 to 23%; ash, 6 to 10%; ether extract, 0.34 to 0.85%; and crude protein, 2 to 4%. Total sugars range from 59-69% and are predominantly sucrose, glucose and fructose. Linoleic acid was found to be the most predominant fatty acid; lauric, myristic and palmitoleic acids were found the least in molasses. Total organic carbon ranges from 30 to 38
Mga kabataan sa [bina]bagong lipunan ng Pilipinas, 1970-1978
Get PDFAng dekadang 1961-1972 ay panahon ng mga pagbabagong panlipunan, pampulitika, at pang-ekonomiya. Sumabay ang mga pagbabagong ito sa mga pangyayari at pagkaligalig sa ibang mga Kanluraning bansa, bagamat lumitaw rin ang mga limitasyon at istraktural na mga kahinaan ng Ikatlong Republika. Matapos ang ilang dekadang paghupa, muling umusbong ang aktibismo ng mga estudyante sa Pilipinas mula 1966 hanggang 1972. Pansamantala mang nahinto bunga ng pagdedeklara ng batas militar, dahan-dahang bumalik ang silakbo ng pagkilos ng mga estudyante sa kalagitnaan ng dekada 70. Sa kabilang banda, kumilos din ang pamahalaan noon upang kunin at ikontrol ang mga estudyanteng hindi pa nakukuha ang loob ng mga samahang radikal sa mga nakalipas na taón bago maisakatuparan ang batas militar. Sisipatin ng pag-aaral na ito ang mga naging tugon ng mga kabataan sa pagpataw ng Proklamasyon Blg. 1081 mula Setyembre 22, 1972 hanggang 1978, kung kailan lumahok ang Kabataang Barangay (KB) sa Interim Batasang Pambansa. Subalit, sisimulan ng 1970 ang pag-aaral sapagkat, ayon kay Petronilo Daroy, bilang isang “watershed year,” nagkasalubong sa nasabing taon ang mga salik upang maging posible ang pagpataw ng Batas Militar. Ginamit na konseptuwal na gabay ng pananaliksik ang tipolohiyang halaw sa pag-uuri ni David Wurfel sa mga naging reaksyon ng mga Pilipino sa nasabing yugto sa kontemporanyong kasaysayan ng Pilipinas
Development and validation of a food frequency questionnaire for the assessment of saturated fat intake of Filipino adults in Angeles City and San Fernando City, Pampanga
No full textOverconsumption of saturated fat is implicated in the development of CVD. High rates of CVD in the Filipino population in combination with the lack of national messaging for limitation of intake of saturated fat may or may not pose a serious problem depending on current population intakes. However, average daily intakes are not even reported in national investigations, As such, the development of a self-administered FFQ may be useful in future investigations of population intakes of saturated fat. In this study, A self-administered FFQ for the measurement of SFA intake of adult Angeles and San Fernando City residents was developed using 3 day food record data and validated through expert review and comparison against 24- HRs. Spearman correlation test yielded a rho of 0.3535714 (p=0.1963) and Bland Altman plot analysis yielded results indicating not acceptable agreement between the FFQ and 24-HRs. Results of statistical analysis revealed that the developed FFQ had a positive weak correlation with 24-HRs, albeit not statistically significant. Further studies with bigger sample sizes and more rigorous methodology are required for the improvement of the validity of the developed FFQ
Agenda-setting in the 2016 Philippine election: relations among media, candidates, and the Los Baños community
No full textThe study analyzed the influence of the Facebook agendas of two major Philippine news networks, ABS-CBN and GMA, on the agendas of the Los Baños Online Community, and on two candidates, Rodrigo Duterte and Mar Roxas, during the 2016 Philippine Presidential Election campaigns, which ran from February 9 to May 7, 2016 (89 days). Guided by the Agenda-Setting Theory, the study content analyzed 4,969 Facebook posts published by the media, candidates, and LB Community on their respective pages. Time series analysis found support for the theory on the following: ABS-CBN’s influence on the community’s general issue agenda of government and both ABS-CBN and GMA’s influence on Roxas’ frequency of publishing Facebook posts. It was concluded that the news networks were able to exert only limited influence