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Cotton Garment Industry Profile of Taytay, Rizal
No full textThe garment industry of Taytay, Rizal is the economic driver of the town as it provides job opportunities for a lot of local residents and contributes to the economy of the town. Cotton garments is one of the garments that is being produced by the local garment producers of the town and sold by the local garment sellers through retail, wholesale, bulk orders and online. Despite the contribution of the industry, there is still a lack of research on the cotton garment industry.
The general objective of the study is to provide a description of and conduct garment industry profile on cotton garments in Taytay, Rizal, in 2023. Specifically, the study intends to present the profile of the selected stakeholders of the cotton garments in the garment industry of Taytay, Rizal; assess the external environment of the cotton garment industry; conduct an analysis of the internal environment of the cotton garment industry; determine the key success factor(s) of the selected stakeholders of cotton garments in the garment industry; identify problems and constraints of the selected garment producers and sellers of the cotton garment industry; and analyze potential opportunities available for the selected stakeholders of the cotton garment industry in Taytay, Rizal.
Random sampling with replacement is used to gather the necessary data information needed from the cotton garment producers and sellers. To analyze and interpret the results of the study, a descriptive method is used. A total of 116 cotton garment producers and sellers are surveyed with the supervision of the researcher. Logistics and 7P’s of marketing will be used to analyzed the general cotton garments. For the external analysis, PESTLE analysis; Michael Porter’s Five Forces of Action; Industry Performance; and Industry Life Cycle are used. For the internal analysis, stakeholder mapping analysis, input-process-output model, and key success factors are used. These analyses will help determine the problems and constraints of the garment industry together with the recommendation for the selected stakeholders.
All of the respondents surveyed were of age ranging from 20 to 66 years old. Majority of the respondents are female, married, with a household size of five to seven individuals, high school graduates, and selling cotton garments as a source of income. It is also important to note that aside from selling cotton garments, producing cotton garments is another source of income for the surveyed respondents.
Taytay, Rizal is a go-to place for individuals looking for excellent cotton textiles and a large assortment of cotton outfits. It has 29 tiangges selling cotton garments with 2,994 stalls and is strategically positioned along the national highway, allowing both public transportation and private automobile travelers easy access. The garments are being promoted through the municipality\u27s official website and Facebook page, HAMAKA festival, light and sound show, and pageant, and sellers create a Facebook page to promote their garments. The cotton garment industry in Taytay involves a variety of people, including government, manufacturers, suppliers, sellers, and customers. Cotton clothing offered at Taytay\u27s tiangges does not have tags attached to it, but is usually put in a plastic bag large enough to hold all of the products bought. The initial stage of creating cotton textiles is the acquisition of cotton fibers, which are cleansed and removed from seeds and contaminants. Three primary stages are acquisition xi of raw materials, pattern creation, and cutting and sewing. Purchase raw materials in advance to ensure a smooth manufacturing process.
The political-legal factors that affect the garment industry are Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008; Multi-Fiber Agreement (MFA); Republic Act no. 4653; incentive; import tariff; Resolution No. 178, Council Resolution, and Taytay Local Tax Ordinance No. 10; local government taxes; and Ordinance No. 25. The economic factors that influence the garment industry of Taytay are inflation and disposable income. The socio-cultural factors of the garment industry in Taytay are HAMAKA festival, demographic requirements, light and sound show, and pageants held in the town. Modern sewing technology, digital marketing, e-commerce are the technological factors of the garment industry. Then, the environmental factors are climate change for the cotton and natural calamity for the stakeholders of the industry.
Cotton garment manufacture involves creating a pattern, cutting and sewing the fabric, and sewing machines to join the fabrics together. Acquiring cotton textiles involves extracting cotton fibers from plants, processing and changing them into functional textiles, distributing them to enterprises, and selling them to customers. The logistical information presented is based on the viewpoint of the seller and the maker. Cotton garment acquisition involves extracting cotton fibers from plants, processing them into functional textiles, distributing them to enterprises, and selling them to customers. The logistical information is based on the viewpoint of the seller and the producer/seller.
For Michael Porter’s Five Forces of Action, the threats for new entrants for the garment industry is in high; the bargaining power of buyers is high; the threat of substitute is high; the bargaining power of suppliers is low; and the rivalry among firms is high.
The garment industry of Taytay, Rizal is growing. It is a profitable industry for the garment producers and sellers. It provides a viable means of livelihood for the locals.
The shareholders of the garment industry are: customers, who have high power and low interest in the success of the garment industry; garment producers and sellers who have high power and high interest in the success of the industry; suppliers who have low power and interest in the success of the industry; and employed sellers and producers who have low power and high interest on the success of the industry.
The cotton garment producers are sewing cotton garments at their own houses while cotton garment sellers are renting stalls in one of the organized tiangges. Only one person is responsible for producing cotton garments based on the xii respondents. Meanwhile, the majority of the stalls surveyed have only one cotton garment seller. The start-up capital of the majority surveyed is Php 30,001-50,000. Majority of the suppliers of the respondents are from the Philippines. Retailing and wholesaling is the selling strategy of all of the respondents. Majority of the respondents say that retailing gives the respondents the most profit. Majority of the cotton garment producers are able to produce 300 pieces of cotton garments per month. Meanwhile, the majority of the cotton garment sellers are able to sell 300 garments per month. Then, most of the respondents are able to generate a monthly income of Php 16,000-30,000.
The problems and constraints faced by the cotton garment producers and sellers are because of the lockdown, competition, the constant change in style of garments, inflation, marketing, fewer customers, garments being seasonal and the emergence of ukay-ukay.
The recommendations for the cotton garment producers are to increase monthly production, produce more women\u27s apparel, and introduce new designs and colors. For the garment sellers; do online selling in Shopee and do digital marketing on Facebook. Lastly for the government, provide online selling workshops; provide sewing workshops, advertise TESDA sewing training more; increase TESDA training slots; advertise the tiangges; address the ukay-ukay issue; and take note of the recommendations of FOBAP
Acceptability of Digital Agribusiness Platforms in Selected Cities in National Capital Region (NCR), Philippines
No full textThe study investigated the acceptability of digital agribusiness platforms in selected cities of National Capital Region, Philippines using a revised Technology Acceptance Model adapted from Vahdat et al. (2020). The specific objectives of the study were to (i) present the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents of the study; (ii) describe the influence of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and social influence, and peer influence to the consumers’ attitudes towards digital agribusiness platforms; (iii) analyze the influence of consumers’ attitudes towards digital agribusiness platforms to consumers’ purchase intention; and (iv) formulate strategies that would help in creating stronger positive attitudes towards using digital agribusiness platforms.
The respondents of the study were consumers who have or have not used digital agribusiness platforms. The sample population was from the three most populated cities in the National Capital Region, namely Quezon City, Manila City, and Caloocan City. Apart from being the most populous cities in the region, these cities also had the highest internet speed in the country as of December 2022. Data collection was done through the process of online distribution of questionnaires on social media applications, specifically on Facebook and Instagram.
Majority (46.6%) of the interviewed respondents were from Quezon City. Meanwhile, Manila City and Caloocan City accounted for 28.3% and 25.1% respectively. The respondents were composed of 72% women and 28% men. As for the ages, most of the respondents belong to the age range of 18 to 28, accounting for a total of 83 out of the 97 respondents. Of all respondents, more than half (59%) responded that their occupation is being a student, which may explain why 45.3% of the respondents have ‘some college’ as their highest educational attainment.
Results of the study also showed that although digital agribusiness platforms have been around even before the Covid-19 pandemic (2019), only a mere 15 respondents out of 97 have tried using or are currently using digital agribusiness platforms. Of these 15 respondents, 6 were from Quezon City, 5 from Caloocan City, and only 4 from Manila City.
Moreover, it was found that there is significant evidence to show that there is strong positive association between the variables Perceived Usefulness and Social Influence towards the variable Attitude Toward Digital Agribusiness Platforms. Meanwhile, the variable Peer Influence presented a moderate positive correlation with Attitude Toward Digital Agribusiness Applications. As for Peer Influence, there was no evidence to show a correlation between it and Attitude Toward Digital Agribusiness Applications. Lastly, Attitude Towards Mobile application use exhibited a strong positive correlation with the purchase intention of the application.
Given these results, the researcher recommended that service providers maintain and increase positive attitudes towards digital agribusiness platforms through the following strategies: utilizing social media as the main platform and mode of marketing, employ and or partner with social media influencers who fit a specific profile, creating referral programs which allow friends and families to give out referral discounts, highlight the benefits of utilizing the digital agribusiness platforms in all marketing strategies, and partner with local government units as a way to lessen the spread of Covid-19 in their respective communities
Los Baños Waste Composition : Evaluating its Suitability as Organic Input for Insiklo
No full textThe central focus of this paper is the evaluation of Insiklo Sustainable Agriventures Corporation, a company specializing in utilizing Black Soldier Flies for the transformation of organic waste into valuable resources. The aim is to scrutinize the waste composition and management system in Los Baños to determine its suitability as a sustainable input source for Insiklo. The primary objective is to assess whether Los Baños can serve as a feasible input source for the waste processing facility utilizing Black Soldier Flies. The study employs a mixed methods approach, gathering primary data through questionnaires administered to households and food establishments. Key findings indicate that the computed waste quantity from households averaged 0.58 kilograms per capita per day, with only 63% of the organic waste deemed suitable for Insiklo. Limited organic waste suitable for Insiklo was found from public market vendors and commercial establishments, emphasizing the need to concentrate waste procurement efforts on the household sector. A recommended strategic approach involves establishing a partnership with Barangay Local Government Units (BLGU), wherein Insiklo can act as a buyer of household organic waste at the cost of less than PHP 2.50 per kilogram. However, modifications to the waste management and waste collection of the partner barangay are necessary to satisfy Insiklo’s organic inputs requirements. While offering valuable insights, the study acknowledges limitations, including reliance on 2020 figures, non- probability sampling, and potential variations between estimated and actual waste generation
Out of the closet: parental response and coping behaviors of Filipino parents with openly self-identified LGBTQIA+ youth
No full textThe Effects of Silica Sand Particle Size on Drying Using a Vertical Fluid Bed Dryer
Get PDFThe experimental and theoretical relationships of silica sand particle size and drying was compared to predict the minimum fluidization rate in drying at 9.57% moisture. The drying temperature (90°C, 120°C, and 150°C) and particle size (274 ± 0.5 μm, 563 ± 0.5 μm, and 910 ± 0.5 μm) parameters were studied as factors influencing the drying process in the experiment. Upon comparing all the test results, it was found that moisture loss accelerated as drying temperature of the silica sand samples increased. On the other hand, the minimum fluidization rate was found to have varied directly with particle size, in addition to being inversely proportional to temperature. Moreover, it was observed that pressure increased with increasing particle diameter and reduced with decreasing temperature
Strengthening Philippine Institutional capacity to adapt to climate change outcome 3.1 activity 3.3: component 2A: simplified vulnerability assessment tools combining indigenous and scientific knowledge for agricultural sector in Benguet and Ifugao
No full textThe third component of the study developed a simplified science-indigenous knowledge-based vulnerability assessment tool and adaptation strategies for the upland communities of Benguet and Ifugao. The simplified vulnerabilities assessment tool is an attempt to provide an easy to use guide for identifying vulnerable agricultural areas. Through this tool the vulnerability assessment may be done in a quick but organized manner. This field questionnaire tool being a product to the integration of agricultural variables, often used for describing agricultural systems and designing appropriate interventions, and actual experiences and observations about agriculture in Benguet and Ifugao Province may provide reliable conclusions as to what agricultural areas and communities in the province need immediate and appropriate adaptation measures. A vulnerability Index from 0 to 10, with 10 as the highest vulnerability, was developed to give a comparative evaluation of various areas being assessed. Two approaches were used to determine the optimal planting dates of a crop. The first approach is based on rainfall probabilities. This approach assumes that rainfall is the crop\u27s main source of water. It selects the dates that have the highest probability of meeting the water requirement of the crop at each stage of development. The second approach is based on yield probabilities. The yield probabilities were simulated using DSSAT CERES crop models that have been parameterized for selected crops. and have been validated under local conditions. One of the model inputs is the crop\u27s genetic coefficient. These crop coefficients are already available for limited varieties only. Unfortunately, there are no known crop coefficients yet for rice varieties commonly planted in Ifugao and vegetables commonly planted in Benguet such as lettuce, cauliflower, carrots and beans. Thus, this study is limited to exploring yield simulation of varieties with existing crop coefficient such as IR72 rice variety and Magilis tomato variety. The optimal planting dates for rice were constructed based on rainfall probabilities and yield probabilities of IR72 variety. Although the two methods generally gave different planting dates, they both recommended the last week of August as the optimal planting date of rice in Banaue for a normal year. The optimal planting dates derived based on yield probabilities are more plausible, and therefore, recommended. This is because of the fact the estimated crop yields using eco-physical crop simulation model accounts more for agro-climatic environment and also crop management strategies. The optimal planting dates for tomato were obtained based on the yield probabilities of Magilis variety. Results showed that generally the dates are different for the two adjacent locations namely, Baguio City and La Trinidad except during wet years. These differences may be due to the fact that the number of historical data some normal year in Baguio City are classified wet years in La Trinidad. Thus, these differences in the groupings of historical years available for the two locations differs. Since the classification of years into the three climatic conditions is highly dependent on the available historical years resulted to different recommended planting dates. To understand the weather scenarios for 2020 and 2050 in Baguio City, the historical analogues of these years were determined using four methods. The first two methods which involved the cluster analysis of years failed to find immediate historical analogue. Hence, two methods involving the use of the least average absolute deviation were explored. Results showed that among the 30 historical years considered, 1995 has the closest weather scenario to 2020 and 2050. This implies that during these years, Baguio City is expected to experience an average daily temperature similar to 1995, when highest values of temperature were observed among the 30 historical years. Thus, the recommended planting dates for tomato in 2020 and 2050 will be based from the optimal planting dates of year 1995. It is week 51, that is, during the third week of December
Plant species composition, distribution and diversity of Saug Watershed [Davao del Norte and Campostella Valley Province, Philippines]
No full textFloristic composition and diversity was assessed in Saug Watershed in Davao del Norte and Campostela Valley Province by establishing a two-hectare biodiversity plot in Purok 6, Sitio San Roque, Barangay [village] New Cortez, New Corella, Davao del Norte. The plot measured 100 m x 200 m and was subdivided into five strata to determine the species diversity at various slope classes. Stratum 1 was located at bottom slope while Stratum 5 at the top most slopes. There were total of 50 subplots of 20 m x 20 m (10 subplots per stratum) intended for assessment of overstorey species having a dbh of greater than or equal to 10 cm, inside the 20 m x 20 m plots are smaller subplots measuring 10 x 10 for assessment of understorey vegetation and 1 m x 1 m nested plots for regeneration species, palms, ferns, herbs, vines and lianas. Floristic composition covers 110 species collected from 83 genera and 43 families including trees, shurbs, palms, ferns, herbs, vines, lianas and grasses. The families Moracaea and Euphorbiceae comprised the highest number of plants species with 11 species each. For ferns and palms, there were seven species identified belong which to Arecaceaea and Flagellariacae. Herbs were also identified, which belong to the family of Compositae, Maranthaceae, Musaceae and Uticaceae. Vines and grass observed were also recorded and counted. Overstorey vegetation has a total of 475 individuals from 30 families and 54 different species, eight species of which belonged to Moraceae family, Euphorbiceaece (4), and Dipterocarpaceae (4). Shannon diversity index is 0.67, which is very low with very low evenness of species. Understory vegetation has high population density, which is attributed to the high population density of invasive alien species. Poleverde (Piper aduncum) with a total of 444 and followed by pioneering species from Euphorbiaceae family, Balanti Homalanthus paniculatus) with 423. Assessment also showed that the locally known as Balobo has a total of 53 individuals. Among the five strata, one to four showed more or less similar index of diversity which ranges between 0.89 to 0.99, slope and elevation in these four strata showed no high variation, while Stratum 5 got the lowest diversity index. Results of regeneration showed that the highest diversity index was located in Stratum 2 at 0.83, followed by Stratum 1 with 0.81 then followed by Stratum 5 with 0.52, and then Stratum 3 with .46 while Stratum 4 has the lowest diversity at 0.42. Assessment of regeneration of species showed the highest diversity index was observed in Stratum 2 at 0.42
Formulation and evaluation of chicken breading using saba (Musa saba [Musa acuminata x Musa balbasiana] flour
No full textSaba banana flour was used in chicken breading formulations to determine its potential as substitute for all-purpose flour. Using different ratios of saba flour and all-purpose flour, six treatments of chicken breading were formulated. Sensory evaluation was conducted on the different treatments to evaluate color, aroma, taste, texture and general acceptability. Analysis of variance of the different sensory attributes showed that 60% saba flour combined with 40% all-purpose flour is the optimum combination as it did not vary significantly with the control (100% all-purpose flour). The two chicken breading treatments (100% all purpose flour and 60% saba flour: 40% all-purpose flour) were analysed for total soluble solids, water holding capacity, loose and bulk density and proximate composition. Total soluble solids and water holdings capacity were higher for the 60:40 treatment while loose bulk density was lower. This treatment also contains higher ash and carbohydrates but lower moisture, fat, fiber and protein than 100% all-purpose flour treatment. Saba flour can be used in chicken breading formulations up to 60% substitution
A global phylogeny of butterflies reveals their evolutionary history, ancestral hosts and biogeographic origins
Get PDFButterflies are a diverse and charismatic insect group that are thought to have evolved with plants and dispersed throughout the world in response to key geological events. However, these hypotheses have not been extensively tested because a comprehensive phylogenetic framework and datasets for butterfly larval hosts and global distributions are lacking. We sequenced 391 genes from nearly 2,300 butterfly species, sampled from 90 countries and 28 specimen collections, to reconstruct a new phylogenomic tree of butterflies representing 92% of all genera. Our phylogeny has strong support for nearly all nodes and demonstrates that at least 36 butterfly tribes require reclassification. Divergence time analyses imply an origin ~100 million years ago for butterflies and indicate that all but one family were present before the K/Pg extinction event. We aggregated larval host datasets and global distribution records and found that butterflies are likely to have first fed on Fabaceae and originated in what is now the Americas. Soon after the Cretaceous Thermal Maximum, butterflies crossed Beringia and diversified in the Palaeotropics. Our results also reveal that most butterfly species are specialists that feed on only one larval host plant family. However, generalist butterflies that consume two or more plant families usually feed on closely related plants