43569 research outputs found
Sort by
La Kitchen Comedy en la historia del cine una relectura de los fracasos domésticos femeninos desde una perspectiva reivindicativa
No full textEste trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo explorar la historia del cine a través de las comedias protagonizadas por mujeres en el entorno doméstico de la cocina. Estas películas, puntualmente conocidas como kitchen comedies en los inicios del cine narrativo de Hollywood, serán analizadas para identificar los personajes, motivos visuales y elementos narrativos recurrentes. Se defenderá el término kitchen comedy como un posible subgénero dentro de la comedia. La hipótesis central de esta tesis plantea que estas comedias abordaron de manera paródica los desafíos y fracasos domésticos, evidenciando la necesidad de superar las restricciones sociales impuestas a las mujeres en el ámbito del hogar. El objetivo principal de este estudio es conceptualizar el término kitchen comedy y definir sus características distintivas en relación con diferentes formas artísticas, así como detectar su pervivencia en el cine sonoro de Hollywood y en otras cinematografías.The objective of this study is to explore the history of cinema through comedies featuring women in the household setting of the kitchen. These films, which were known as kitchen comedies at the start of Hollywood narrative film, are analysed to identify their recurring characters, visual motifs and narrative elements. The term kitchen comedy is suggested as a possible subgenre within comedy. The core hypothesis of this thesis posits that these comedies parodically addressed household challenges and failures, revealing the need to overcome the social constraints imposed on women in the household. The main objective of this study is to conceptualise the term kitchen comedy and to define its unique features in relation to different artistic forms, as well as to detect its survival in Hollywood talkies and other bodies of cinematographic work.Programa de Doctorat en Comunicaci
Gustav Radbruchs Erbe für die Strafrechtsdogmatik
No full textGustav Radbruch’s contributions have significantly shaped our understanding of
the science of criminal law. This paper analyzes the most decisive aspects of his work. In particular,
his conception of the complex relationship between law, reality, and value, the consequences
of his method and relativism for criminal law, his conception of the theory of crime,
and the science of criminal law are discussed. Finally, the paper highlights the central aspects of
the legacy that Gustav Radbruch has left to the science of criminal law: the return to the value,
the teleological orientation, the open system and the bridging of the gap between criminal law
doctrine and criminal policy
Impresión 3D y propiedad intelectual: un análisis comparado entre el derecho europeo y mexicano
No full textLa impresión 3D es una tecnología que hasta hace apenas un par de décadas parecía extremadamente futurista y distante de la realidad. A medida que esta tecnología se ha desarrollado, la impresión 3D o fabricación aditiva se ha generalizado tanto en el ámbito industrial como en el personal. Su amplia aplicación en diversas industrias, como la médica, metalúrgica y de la moda, ha fomentado su democratización y ha abierto la puerta al derecho para comprender sus implicaciones y resolver cuestiones relacionadas con esta tecnología. Los retos que se presentan a nivel jurídico son significativos. Sin embargo, a través del estudio comparado del derecho europeo y mexicano, se abordan criterios comunes que permiten vislumbrar soluciones prácticas para acortar la brecha entre tecnología y derecho.3D printing is a technology that until just a couple of decades ago seemed extremely futuristic and distant from reality. As this technology has developed, 3D printing —or additive manufacturing— has become widespread in both the industrial and personal spheres. Its broad application in various industries, such as medical, metallurgical and fashion, has fostered its democratization and has opened the door for legal studies to understand its implications and resolve important issues related to this technology. The challenges that arise at the legal level are significant. However, through a comparative study of European and Mexican law, common criteria are addressed in a manner that allow us to envision practical solutions to bridge the gap between technology and law.Programa de Doctorat en Dre
Dissecting the mechanisms of social indirect genetic effects in outbred laboratory mice
No full textCada cop hi ha més evidència que el fenotip d’un individu pot estar influenciat tant pels seus propis genotips (efectes genètics directes, DGE) com pels genotips dels seus companys socials (efectes genètics indirectes, IGE). S’han detectat IGE en ratolins de laboratori, però els trets dels companys de gàbia que hi estan implicats encara es coneixen poc. Tot i que sovint els efectes socials s’atribueixen només a trets de comportament, resultats previs sobre fenotips immunològics i metabòlics suggereixen que altres tipus de trets també hi podrien contribuir. Vaig analitzar trets de comportament, trets fisiològics i trets morfològics per entendre quins medien els IGE. Per això, vaig utilitzar dades de fenotips i genotips provinents de dos grups grans de ratolins, i vaig estimar correlacions genètiques entre DGE i IGE. Els resultats impliquen no només trets de comportament (p. ex. estrès) sinó també trets immunitaris i metabòlics com a trets dels companys de gàbia implicats en IGE. Així, es desafia la visió que els IGE són deguts principalment al comportament i es proposa un marc més ampli per comprendre els mecanismes biològics dels IGE. L'estratègia i el programari desenvolupats són aplicables a altres espècies i conjunts de dades, i ofereixen noves vies per explorar l’arquitectura genètica i social dels trets complexos.Increasing evidence shows that an individual’s phenotype can be influenced by the genotypes of their social partners—so-called indirect genetic effects (IGE)—as well as direct genetic effects (DGE) from the individual’s own genotypes. IGE have been detected between cage mates in outbred laboratory mice, but the traits in social partners that mediate these effects remain largely unknown. Social effects are often attributed to behaviour, but prior findings of IGE on immune and metabolic phenotypes, for example, are difficult to explain from the behaviour only of social partners. Hence, motivating this thesis was the hypothesis that a diversity of traits of social partners may, a priori, underlie IGE. Using phenome-wide data from two outbred mouse populations, I examined multiple behavioural, physiological, and morphological traits to identify cage mate phenotypes that are good proxies for the traits mediating IGE. To do so, I identified phenotypes that share a genetic basis with the phenotypes underlying IGE, through the estimation of DGE-IGE correlations. I found significant DGE-IGE genetic correlations that suggest immune activation, stress-related traits, metabolic measures, and blood electrolyte levels underlie IGE. Thus, these results challenge the view that IGE are driven mainly by behaviour, instead they support a role for other traits in IGE and social effects, and offer a framework for formulating testable hypotheses about the biological mechanisms of IGE. The new approach that I developed, leveraging biobanks and DGE-IGE genetic correlations, and the software that I implemented to fit the corresponding DGE + IGE models, are applicable to other species and datasets and will help gain new insights into the genetic and social architecture of complex traits.Universitat Pompeu Fabra. Doctorat en Biomedicin
Professional cultural institutions and the community? Lessons from the first community production of the Barcelona opera house
No full textData de publicació electrónica: 14-11-2024Large cultural institutions have been given goals that go well beyond their conventional artistic endeavours. Opera houses are no exception. One strategy they attempt is to stage community productions, but how does this activity match with institutions that seek “artistic excellence”? We focus on a case study of the Gran Teatre del Liceu, Barcelona, and firstly see to what extent productions staged by large cultural institutions can be considered community-based programmes. Secondly, we analyse if these programmes are realistic in terms of reaching their target population. Lastly, we study the degree of participation achieved. In order to do so, we review the concepts of access and participation to build our own analytical framework. We also follow a qualitative and quantitative methodology, performing interviews and fielding a questionnaire to participants. We think that our research and results are relevant from both an analytical point of view and an empirical perspective: in terms of access, the Liceu worked towards correcting the underrepresentation of minority groups in artistic forms that obtain public funding, but these efforts were limited; regarding participation, the opera was developed for, with and by the community depending on the action analysed, and it combined crowd-sourcing, co-creation and audience-as-artist actions
La narrativa checa en España desde 1975: presencias y ausencias
No full textEn este trabajo prestaremos atención a la traducción de narrativa checa (de expresión checa) publicada en España desde 1975, señalando también algunas ausencias relevantes. Tras la Primavera de Praga en 1968 y la restauración de la democracia en España, se comenzaron a publicar en España numerosas obras checas, en particular de un «clásico», como Karel Čapek y de autores contemporáneos, ya fueran exiliados o disidentes como Pavel Kohout, Zdena Salivarová, Ota Filip, Iva Procházková, Josef Škvorecký, Ivan Klíma o Daniela Hodrová. Es en la primera mitad de los años 80 cuando empieza a darse un auténtico interés por esta literatura. Si en el ámbito de la poesía el interés vino propiciado por la fascinación que Clara Janés sentía por Vladimir Holan y la concesión del Premio Nobel de literatura en 1984 a Jaroslav Seifert, en el ámbito específico de la prosa el interés vino despertado por el reconocimiento a nivel mundial de la obra de Milan Kundera. Aunque cabe destacar también a otros autores, como Bohumil Hrabal o Ji¿í Weil, este último llegó con mucho retraso a España. En la literatura checa escrita con posterioridad a 1989 ha destacado la proliferación de diarios y memorias, así como de ficción posmoderna y de novela histórica, de obras feministas y de otras que han recreado el pasado reciente, con un flujo de traducciones desigual.Este trabajo se ha realizado en el marco del proyecto de investigación Portal digital de Historia de la Traducción en España, PGC2018-095447-B-I00 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE)
Quantitative comparison of blood flow patterns from in silico simulations and 4D flow data before and after left atrial occlusion
No full textAtrial fibrillation (AF), the most common cardiac arrhythmia, increases the risk of thrombus, especially in the left atrial appendage (LAA). LAA occlusion (LAAO) reduces stroke risk in AF patients by isolating the LAA from the left atrium (LA). Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, offering superior resolution than current imaging techniques, are proposed to assess thrombus risk, but require validation. Emerging imaging techniques like 4D flow MRI provide in-vivo flow measurements supporting CFD credibility. Our dataset includes 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cardiac computational tomography (CT), and Doppler ultrasound (US) of the mitral valve for four patients (pre- and post-LAAO). We developed patient-specific CFD simulations from CT and US data, comparing blood flow patterns with 4D flow MRI. The analysis was focused on thrombus formation indicators, such as particle deposition, LAA washout, and endothelial cell activation potential (ECAP). Results from both data and simulations were within similar ranges but showed limited patient-wise agreement. Post-LAAO hemodynamic changes assessed by 4D flow MRI and CFD data agreed on reduced thrombogenic indices such as ECAP, flow stasis and vorticity. This study highlights the need for computational model validation, comparing CFD models with 4D flow MRI, being the first to quantitatively analyze 4D flow MRI data with implanted LAAO devices.This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement, No 101016496 (SimCardioTest) and No. 101136438 (GEMINI). We also acknowledge the support by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities under the Proyectos the Generación del Conocimiento Programme (GENERALITAAT project, PIT2022-143239OB-I00). This work was also supported by the Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (grant No. 2024 FI-1 00419), and the Maria de Maeztu grant of excellence
Development of a low input chromatin profiling technique to examine the role of PRC2 proteins in development and leukaemia
No full textPolycomb repressive complexes (PRC1/2) are key chromatin regulators in development. Their deregulation is implicated in various cancers including leukaemia. Meanwhile, MLL-rearrangements by chromosomal translocations and the resulting fusion proteins as MLL-AF9 are a known cause of leukaemia. Recent re-search show an interplay between PRC1/2 and MLL-AF9 during leukemogenesis. This raises the question of a potential role in embryonic development as well. However, conventional chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) is not suited to ex-amine non-histone proteins in fewer than millions of cells and still has a high background signal. Recent alternatives as CUT&RUN and CUT&Tag show limitations as well, despite a promising, targeted approach. Here, an improved CUT&Tag protocol has been developed and validated for the examination of PRC1/2 in low cell numbers. Moreover, it has been used to examine MLL-AF9 activity during differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into embryoid bodies, and implications for PRC1/2 executing their silencing activity on key genes.Los complejos represivos Polycomb (PCR1/2) son reguladores clave de la cromatina durante el desarrollo cuya desregulación está implicada en varios tipos de cáncer incluyendo leucemia. En MLL, algunas de las causas conocidas son los reordenamientos cromosómicos debido a translaciones y la generación de proteínas resultantes de fusión, como MLL-AF9. Estudios recientes han demostrado la relación entre PCR1/2 y MLL-AF9 durante leucemogénesis lo cual apunta al desarrollo embrionario como un factor importante. Sin embargo, la inmunoprecipitación de cromatina convencional (ChIP) no es adecuada para el estudio de proteínas asociadas a la cromatina en experimentos con pocas células pues arriesga excesivo ruido de fondo. A pesar de su prometedor enfoque y especificidad, recientes alternativas como CUT&RUN y CUT&Tag todavía muestran limitaciones. Aquí, hemos desarrollado un protocolo mejorado de CUT&Tag validado para el estudio de PRC1/2 en pocas células. Además, hemos examinado la actividad de MLL-AF9 durante la diferenciación de células madre embrionarias de ratón en cuerpos embrionarios junto con cambios asociados a PRC1/2 en el silenciamiento de genes.Programa de Doctorat en Biomedicin
Post-COVID-19 condition patients' utilisation of healthcare resources after implementation of an integrated care unit
No full textBackground: The economic effects of post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) remain uncertain despite clearer clinical factors, posing challenges for healthcare professionals. This article investigates the demographic and clinical characteristics of PCC patients and compares their healthcare resource utilization in comparison to a patient cohort representative of the population.
Methods: A retrospective and cohort-comparative observational study was conducted, comparing PCC population before and after diagnosis with a control group. Demographic and clinical variables were analysed to describe the population. Economic analysis was performed to evaluate the resource costs in procedures and primary, secondary and emergency care.
Results: PCC patients (N=341) were older with higher cardiovascular risk factors compared to controls (N=49,078). There were differences in the socio-economic distribution between male and female in the PCC patients. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 2 were the most common chronic diseases observed among the case patients. PCC patients were four times as costly as control patients, with increased utilisation of healthcare resources. However, post-diagnosis PCC patients showed a reduction in costs, primarily driven by decreased primary care visits and hospitalisations.
Conclusions: Coordinated care for PCC patients leads to cost reductions and improved resource utilisation. Further research should investigate long-term health outcomes and establish causal relationships between COVID-19 sequelae and healthcare resource utilisation
Age at onset of smoking is an independent risk factor in peripheral artery disease development
No full textPurpose: The potential effects of age at onset of smoking on cardiovascular diseases have been studied little, in contrast to the well-established evidence supporting a causal role of cigarette smoking in these diseases. We sought to analyze the relationship between age at smoking onset and development of symptomatic peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). Methods: A population-based sample of 573 active or former male smokers aged 55 to 74 years were studied. Present or previous symptomatic PAOD was confirmed by noninvasive testing. Results: Sixty-one subjects (10.6%) had symptomatic PAOD. Prevalence of disease increased with earlier starting age (15.6% if <or=16 years versus 5.4% if >16 years) of smoking. After controlling for risk factors that meet confounding factor criteria (ie, subject age and number of pack-years), men who started smoking at age 16 or earlier had a substantially higher risk for development of PAOD (odds ratio, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.15-4.15; P =.016) than men who began to smoke at a later age. Conclusions: A starting age for smoking of 16 years or earlier more than doubles the risk of future symptomatic PAOD regardless of the amount of exposure to cigarette smoking