43569 research outputs found
Sort by
Cozy players, clase social y género: análisis interseccional de la definición cultural de bienestar a través de los discursos y prácticas videolúdicas juveniles
No full textTreball de fi de Màster en Cultura Digital i Mitjans Emergents (DiCEM)Supervisor: Óliver Pérez LatorreEsta propuesta de investigación analiza cómo la juventud construye el imaginario cultural del bienestar a través de discursos y prácticas vinculadas a los ‘cozy games’, considerando la intersección entre clase social y género. A partir de un enfoque cualitativo y etnográfico, se explorarán las experiencias de jóvenes ‘cozy players’ de entre 18 y 24 años, segmentados por clase y género, mediante grupos focales, entrevistas individuales en situación de juego (gaming interviews), observación participante y análisis de contenido en redes sociales. El objetivo es comprender cómo estos videojuegos, populares tras la pandemia de COVID-19, funcionan como espacios simbólicos de refugio, bienestar y que, asimismo, conllevan una contradicción ideológica. Esta investigación se enmarca en un creciente interés por este tipo de videojuegos y es relevante por la escasa atención académica al fenómeno desde la perspectiva de los ‘cozy players’ y con una mirada interseccional, y por su potencial para revelar cómo la juventud reinterpreta el bienestar en un contexto sociocultural marcado por tensiones neoliberales, precariedad y transformación digital
Análisis del Anteproyecto de Ley para la igualdad real y efectiva de las personas trans y para la garantía de los derechos de las personas LGTBI
No full textEl pasado 29 de junio, el Consejo de Ministros aprobó el Anteproyecto de Ley para la igualdad real y efectiva de las personas trans y para la garantía de los derechos de las personas LGTBI, un texto que ha sido fuente de conflicto dentro del gobierno de coalición y que no ha pasado desapercibido en el conjunto de la sociedad española. En el presente comentario, damos noticia del articulado de un texto que aglomera cuestiones que, según el propio acuerdo de gobierno, debían haber sido tratadas en dos normas diferentes. En él hacemos especial énfasis en la incorporación del principio de autodeterminación de género, las medidas de protección contra la LGTBIfobia y las reformas civiles en materia de familia.On June 29, the Spanish Cabinet approved the Draft Bill for the Real and Effective Equality of Trans People and the Guarantee of the Rights of LGTBI People, a text that has been a source of conflict within the government and that has not gone unnoticed in Spanish society. In this commentary, we try to review the text in whole, although it agglomerates issues that, according to the government’s own agreement, should be dealt with in two different bills. Special emphasis is placed on the incorporation of the principle of gender self-determination, protection measures against LGTBIphobia, and civil reforms in family matters
The Macroeconomics of data: scale, product choice, and pricing in the information age
No full textWe document a substantial rise in the accuracy of U.S. firms’ expectations since the early 2000s, closely linked to firm-size dynamics and consistent with major advances in data-processing technologies. To study the macroeconomic implications, we develop a model of information production, in which information enables firms to optimize their scale, product choice, and pricing strategies. While information enhances the efficiency of resource allocation, it also facilitates price discrimination. The laissez-faire equilibrium is inefficient, warrants corrective policy interventions, and advances in data-processing technologies have ambiguous effects on social welfare. Calibrating our model to U.S. firm-level data, we find that data-processing advances have significantly increased TFP over the past two decades (5.3-6.7%), primarily by helping firms determine their optimal scale. Yet, the welfare benefits of these improvements have been modest (0.1-2.1%). Restricting data use, especially by large firms, could trigger larger welfare gains
Original article: adolescent dietary patterns derived using principal component analysis and neuropsychological functions: a cross-sectional analysis of Walnuts Smart Snack cohort
No full textA balanced diet is relevant for neuropsychological functioning. We aimed to analyze the association between dietary patterns and neuropsychological outcomes in a sample of healthy adolescents of the Walnuts Smart Snack (WSS) cohort from Barcelona city. We performed principal components analysis (PCA) to determine dietary patterns in the adolescent sample using a food frequency questionnaire (60 items). Multiple linear regression models were performed to analyze the association between PCA dietary patterns with neuropsychological outcomes: Strengths and Difficulties (SDQ) externalizing and internalizing scores, Attention Network Test (ANT) Impulsivity Index and Emotional Recognition Task (ERT) scores. We additionally adjusted the models for child sex, age, body mass index (BMI), physical activity and maternal education. Six dietary patterns were identified in PCA analyses. "low consumption of calorie-dense foods" dietary pattern had a negative association (protective) with the both SDQ outcomes (p value < 0.001) and "Nuts" dietary pattern showed a negative (protective) association with impulsivity index (β1 = -24.60, 95% CI = -36.80, -12.41, p value < 0.001). Overall, our main results suggest that healthy dietary patterns, including higher intakes of "nuts" and a preference of "low consumption of calorie-dense foods" dietary patterns, could provide a beneficial association with neuropsychological functions during the adolescence period. The associations may include improvements of externalizing and internalizing problem symptoms, and impulsivity
Dinámicas de atención mediática y pública dedicada al Covid-19 durante el primer estado de alarma en España un estudio de caso
No full textAquí identificamos temas relacionados con la salud, tratados en las noticias publicadas durante el primer estado de alarma por los principales diarios españoles. A continuación, verificamos si existe una relación entre tal cobertura periodística y el comportamiento de búsqueda de información llevado a cabo en España, en el motor de búsqueda de Google, alrededor de tales temas. Por otra parte, investigamos la concomitancia entre este comportamiento y los eventos más relevantes acontecidos durante la pandemia de Covid-19 en este país. Los temas y el comportamiento referido, se analizaron como casos de estudio aplicando métodos estadísticos descriptivos: el cálculo de coeficiente de correlación y la aplicación de Tests de Granger. Así, constatamos la existencia de correlaciones fuertes entre dicha cobertura periodística y el comportamiento de búsqueda de información analizado, durante el primer trimestre del año 2020; así como una concomitancia entre los eventos más relevantes del periodo y el comportamiento mencionado.Here we identify health-related topics covered in the news, published during the first state of alarm by the main Spanish newspapers. Next, we verify whether there is a relationship between such journalistic coverage and the information seeking behavior carried out in Spain, within the Google search engine, around such topics. On the other hand, we investigate the concomitance between this behavior and the most relevant events that occurred during the Covid-19 pandemic in this country. The topics and the referred behavior referred, were analyzed as case studies applying descriptive statistical methods: the calculation of the correlation coefficient and the application of Granger Tests. Thus, we confirm the existence of strong correlations between said journalistic coverage and the analyzed information seeking behavior , during the first quarter of 2020; as well as a concomitance between the most relevant events of the period and the aforementioned behavior.Programa de Doctorat en Comunicaci
The role of translanguaging in learning culturemes
No full textWhile the benefits of translanguaging for language learning and teaching have been widely discussed in literature, little research has focused on its connection to learning culture. This study explores how spontaneous translanguaging supports learning Russian culturemes in Catalan-Spanish bilingual adult students taking the B1 Russian language course. Data collected through fieldwork reveal that translanguaging serves to help students clarify the meaning of culturemes and point to problems in their comprehension when translation does not help. That is due to the semiotic, paradigmatic, or syntagmatic asymmetry existing between culturemes in Russian and the languages in the students' linguistic repertoires, which confirms existing research on translanguaging and culturemes. The classroom observations demonstrate that, when trans-languaging, the students draw on their native languages rather than additional languages. This novel finding extends the theory and practice of translanguaging by showing that adult students do not completely deploy all of the linguistic and cultural resources available
Mechanobiology of apoptotic cell clearance in the early embryo
No full textSpontaneous cellular errors can lead to cell death already in early embryo development. Apoptotic cell clearance is thus essential for tissue homeostasis and embryo survival. The outer epithelial layer of the embryo establishes an innate immune function and mediates the clearance of apoptotic cells. How mechanical forces and physical properties of apoptotic cells influence phagocytic tissue clearance has not been addressed in vivo. In this work, we systematically studied how biophysical target properties – as cell size, mechanics and ligand density – control phagocytosis and protrusion plasticity in epithelia. We identified that mechanical forces generated during epithelia-target interaction promote apoptotic cell fragmentation, ensuring efficient phagocytic clearance. We further discovered apoptotic cell softening as a pro-phagocytic signal. We identified that E-cadherin and its downstream effectors α-catenin and p120-catenin are key regulators of actomyosin dynamics at the phagocytic synapse that mediate the mechanosensitive clearance of apoptotic cells. This represents a novel function of the cadherin-catenin complex in apoptotic cell clearance.Els errors cel·lulars ocorren espontàniament durant els primers estadis del desenvolupament embrionari i en conseqüència, causen mort cel·lular. Per tant, la neteja fagocítica de cèl·lules apoptòtiques és essencial per mantenir l’homeòstasi dels teixits embrionaris i la supervivència de l’embrió. L’epiteli superficial embrionari, el primer teixit que es forma durant el desenvolupament, és capaç d’eliminar les cèl·lules apoptòtiques amb gran eficiència tant en embrions de peix zebra i de ratolí. Actualment es desconeix com les forces mecàniques i les propietats biofísiques de les cèl·lules apoptòtiques influencien el procés de neteja fagocítica, especialment en el context d’un organisme viu. En aquest manuscrit, hem estudiat sistemàticament com la mida i rigidesa de les cèl·lules apoptòtiques, així com la densitat dels lligands que presenten a la seva superfície, modulen la plasticitat protrusiva i la fagocitosi no professional de les cèl·lules epitelials. També hem identificat que els fagòcits exerceixen forces mecàniques a les cèl·lules apoptòtiques que promouen la seva fragmentació, un procés clau per garantir una posterior fagocitosi eficient. Finalment, hem descobert que la reducció progressiva de la rigidesa mecànica de les cèl·lules apoptòtiques constitueix un senyal pro-fagocític. Hem identificat que la E-caderina i els seus efectors posteriors α-catenina i p120-catenina són els principals reguladors de l’actina i la miosina a la sinapsi fagocítica i són els que medien una neteja fagocítica mecanosensible. Això representa una funció totalment nova del complex caderina-catenina, el qual ha sigut àmpliament estudiant en altres camps com ara el de les adhesions cel·lulars.Programa de Doctorat en Biomedicin
Street cries and public space noise abatement in 19th-20th Century Barcelona
No full textData de publicació electrònica: 15 de setembre de 2025Focusing on Barcelona, this paper explores the historical and contemporary dynamics of streetbcries that allow traders to attract customers and make themselves heard in public spaces. While still common in marketplaces in southern Europe, there is a growing trend towards silencing these street cries in the name of reducing urban noise levels. By analysing archival records and municipal regulations, the study investigates the socio-spatial dynamics that have been employed since the 19th century to suppress this form of ‘noise’ associated with the working-class profession. The paper demonstrates that the expulsion of traders’ sounds from Barcelona’s central streets was achieved through their stigmatisation, illegalisation and peripheralisation – a pattern that could similarly affect other social groups that are increasingly displaced from the city. The persistence of street cries in the peripheries, despite regulatory efforts, illuminates broader issues regarding the management of public space and the contested nature of the governance of urban diversity through sensory ordaining
Urban planning and health in all policies: the health impact of green space interventions in cities
No full textThe geographical, environmental, and sociocultural characteristics of cities impact
residents' health and well-being. Modern cities, while beneficial for people, also face high
air and noise pollution, urban heat, and limited green spaces. These conditions promote
sedentary lifestyles, exacerbate socioeconomic disparities, and contribute to stress and
mental health problems, leading to further diseases and premature deaths. Quantifying
these impacts provides evidence for policy-makers, contributing to the development of
more sustainable, healthy, and equitable urban planning. In this context, urban greening
can enhance environmental quality, and foster active transport, physical activity, and
social interactions in cities. This thesis assessed the health impacts of insufficient green
spaces in about 1000 European cities, analyzed socioenvironmental inequalities in six
cities, estimated the health and economic benefits of a greening plan in Barcelona, and
identified priority areas for intervention using multi-criteria decision analysis. The
findings highlighted a significant health burden from limited green spaces, varying by
city and socioeconomic group, and demonstrated the benefits of real-life greening
policies. Future greening initiatives should be tailored to local contexts and aligned with
broader policies to maximize co-benefits and reduce inequalities.Les característiques geogràfiques, ambientals i socioculturals de les ciutats afecten la
salut i el benestar dels residents. Les ciutats modernes, tot i ser beneficioses per a les
persones, també pateixen una alta contaminació de l’aire i acústica, calor urbana i espais
verds limitats. Aquestes condicions fomenten estils de vida sedentaris, exacerben les
desigualtats socioeconòmiques i contribueixen a l’estrès, als problemes de salut mental,
provoca malalties i morts prematures. Quantificar aquests impactes proporciona
evidencies per als responsables polítics, contribuïnt al desenvolupament d’una
planificació urbana més sostenible, saludable i equitativa. En aquest context, la
renaturalització urbana pot millorar la qualitat ambiental i fomentar el transport actiu,
l’activitat física i les interaccions socials a les ciutats. Aquesta tesi va avaluar els impactes
a la salut deguts a la manca d’espais verds en unes 1000 ciutats europees, va analitzar les
desigualtats socioambientals a sis ciutats, va estimar els beneficis sanitaris i econòmics
d’un pla de renaturalització a Barcelona i va identificar àrees prioritàries per a la
intervención mitjançant l’anàlisi de decisions multicriteri. Els resultats van destacar una
càrrega significativa per a la salut derivada de la manca d’espais verds, amb variacions
segons la ciutat i el grup socioeconòmic, i van demostrar els beneficis de les polítiques
de renaturalització. Les futures iniciatives de renatura-lització haurien d’adaptar-se als
contextos locals i alinear-se amb polítiques més àmplies per maximitzar els co-beneficis
i reduir les desigualtats.Programa de Doctorat en Biomedicin
Environmental and health effects of the Barcelona superblocks
No full textBackground: The superblocks model of Barcelona (Spain) seeks to reorganize the city based on reversing the distribution of public space between vehicles and people by prioritizing citizens, thus improving their environmental conditions and quality of life. The objective of this paper was to describe the effects on environmental, health and quality of life of the first three superblocks implemented, discuss the lessons learned, and provide recommendations for the future. Methods: The evaluation included different approaches depending on the superblock analyzed: A pre-post-intervention health survey, environmental measures of air quality, the Microscale Audit of Urban Landscapes for Pedestrians (MAPS), an observational study on target areas of physical activity (SOPARC), ethnographic guerrilla studies, and focus groups. Results: Residents and workers in all three of the evaluated superblocks reported a perceived improvement in well-being, tranquillity and quality of sleep, some reduction in noise and pollution and an increase in social interaction. The built environment of the superblocks clearly influenced walkability, and the lower car traffic volume improved air quality measures. In one of the superblocks, the same intervention calmed traffic in one of the areas but not in another. Conclusions: Although on a small scale, this evaluation of the environmental, and health effects of the superblocks provides support for expanding the model to other areas of the city