Revistas Científicas de la Universidad de Alicante
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Trayectorias de cuidado de mujeres centenarias en Chile
No full textThe objective of this article is to analyze the care trajectory in the lives of Chilean centenarian women, related to their biography, as well as the social and cultural context and the different modalities of social inequality. We seek to characterize the milestones and events in the care trajectories of these women, linking individual and family experience. The methodology was qualitative and focused on the in-depth analysis of four cases, using different techniques for the construction of information: in-depth interviews with each of the women; application of life calendars and direct observation. The results position gender, generation and class as relevant elements to understand the configuration of care trajectories. Likewise, the dependence and interdependence in family relationships, as well as in the care strategies of centenarian women, in their life and aging experiences, are highlighted. The analysis of these trajectories shows care as a dynamic and changing process, which is articulated on the basis of elements of social differentiation, such as gender, class and generation.Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la trayectoria de cuidados en la vida de mujeres centenarias chilenas, relacionadas con su biografía, así como el contexto social y cultural y las distintas modalidades de desigualdad social. Buscamos caracterizar los hitos y eventos en las trayectorias de cuidados de estas mujeres, vinculando la experiencia individual y familiar. La metodología fue cualitativa y se centró en el análisis en profundidad de cuatro casos, a partir de diversas técnicas de construcción de información: entrevistas en profundidad a cada una de las mujeres; aplicación de calendarios de vida y observación directa. Los resultados posicionan al género, la generación y la clase, como elementos relevantes para comprender la configuración de las trayectorias de cuidados. Asimismo, se destaca la dependencia e interdependencia en las relaciones familiares, así como en las estrategias de cuidados de las mujeres centenarias, en sus experiencias de vida y envejecimiento. El análisis de estas trayectorias permite mostrar al cuidado como un proceso dinámico y cambiante, que se articula en base a elementos de diferenciación social, como el género, la clase y la generación.Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as trajectórias de cuidados na vida de mulheres chilenas centenárias, relacionadas com a sua biografia, bem como com o contexto social e cultural e as diferentes modalidades de desigualdade social. Procuramos caraterizar os marcos e acontecimentos nas trajectórias de cuidados destas mulheres, relacionando a experiência individual e familiar. A metodologia foi qualitativa e centrou-se na análise aprofundada de quatro casos, recorrendo a várias técnicas para a construção da informação: entrevistas aprofundadas a cada uma das mulheres; aplicação de calendários de vida e observação direta. Os resultados posicionam o género, a geração e a classe como elementos relevantes para compreender a configuração das trajectórias de cuidado. Destacam também a dependência e interdependência nas relações familiares, bem como nas estratégias de cuidado das mulheres centenárias em suas experiências de vida e envelhecimento. A análise destas trajectórias permite-nos evidenciar o cuidado como um processo dinâmico e mutável, que se articula a partir de elementos de diferenciação social, como o género, a classe e a geração
Empoderando comunidades: investigación-acción-participativa en gestión de riesgos y desastres en Tausa, Colombia
No full textColombia constantly faces challenges in emergency and disaster risk management, demanding the active participation of all actors in the national territory. Recognizing the essential role of the nursing discipline in the care of individuals and communities at risk, a participatory action research was carried out with the aim of promoting the participation of a community in the management of emergency and disaster risk in their municipality. The research was structured in 4 stages in which data were collected through interviews, video-walks, and community workshops, which were processed in the Atlas.Ti software through content analysis. A co-creation process was achieved in which the community identified local risks, assumed an active role in their prevention and mitigation, and contributed to the construction of an innovative tool that uses technology to involve the community in risk management. It was concluded that the inclusion of the community in risk management enables the contextualized understanding of risk and fosters a community-led social change, reflected in the generation of strategies adapted to their particular needs.Colombia enfrenta constantes desafíos en la gestión del riesgo de emergencias y desastres, demandando la participación activa de todos los actores del territorio nacional. Reconociendo el papel esencial de la disciplina enfermera en el cuidado de individuos y comunidades en situaciones de riesgo, se llevó a cabo una investigación-acción-participativa con el objetivo de promover la participación de una comunidad en la gestión del riesgo de emergencias y desastres de su municipio. La investigación se estructuro en 4 etapas en las cuales se recogieron datos mediante entrevistas, video-paseos y talleres comunitarios, que fueron procesados en el software Atlas.Ti mediante análisis de contenido. Se logró un proceso de co-creación en el cual la comunidad identificó los riesgos locales, asumió un rol activo en la prevención y mitigación de los mismos y aportó en la construcción de una herramienta innovadora que utiliza la tecnología para involucrar a la comunidad en la gestión del riesgo. Se concluyó que la inclusión de la comunidad en la gestión del riesgo posibilita la comprensión contextualizada del riesgo y fomenta un cambio social liderado por la comunidad, reflejado en la generación de estrategias adaptadas a sus necesidades particulares.Colômbia enfrenta constantes desafios na gestão de riscos de emergências e desastres, exigindo a participação ativa de todos os atores do território nacional. Reconhecendo o papel essencial da disciplina de enfermagem no cuidado de indivíduos e comunidades em situações de risco, foi realizada uma pesquisa-ação-participativa com o objetivo de promover a participação de uma comunidade na gestão de riscos de emergências e desastres em seu município. A pesquisa foi estruturada em 4 etapas nas quais foram coletados dados por meio de entrevistas, passeios em vídeo e oficinas comunitárias, que foram processados no software Atlas.Ti por meio de análise de conteúdo. Foi alcançado um processo de co-criação no qual a comunidade identificou os riscos locais, assumiu um papel ativo na prevenção e mitigação dos mesmos e contribuiu para a construção de uma ferramenta inovadora que utiliza a tecnologia para envolver a comunidade na gestão de riscos. Concluiu-se que a inclusão da comunidade na gestão de riscos possibilita a compreensão contextualizada do risco e promove uma mudança social liderada pela comunidade, refletida na geração de estratégias adaptadas às suas necessidades particulares
Luis Cibanal reseña el libro de Joseph Ratzinger y Jurgen Habermas: Dialéctica de la secularización. Sobre la rezón y la religión. Madrid: Ediciones Encuentro
No full textLuis Cibanal escribe una reseña sobre el libro de Joseph Ratzinger y Jurgen Habermas: Dialéctica de la secularización. Sobre la razón y la religión. Ediciones Encuen
Comportamiento turístico sostenible: un enfoque de segmentación en Gipuzkoa
No full textManagement of most tourist destinations has been oriented towards growth from an economic perspective; however, the current scenario is characterised by a growing concern for sustainability that is not only environmental but also related to an increasing awareness of social, cultural, and economic sustainability. As a result, traditional tourism models based on the number of visitors must be revised.
This study examines tourists\u27 sustainable travel behaviours through segmentation to optimize demand and determine the combination of segments, time, and place that offers the best overall impact, which is its main theoretical contribution. The goal of demand optimization is to develop and foster markets/segments with pro-sustainable behaviour (and/or reduce segments with negative behaviour) while maximizing the collective benefits of tourism for the economy, environment, and society. Therefore, optimizing the demand mix requires identifying and targeting tourist segments that exhibit pro-sustainable behaviour.
This study presents a significant and useful segmentation solution for Destination Management Organizations (DMOs) as a basis for a demand optimization strategy. This strategy will enable DMOs to select customer portfolios that best respond to mitigating the effects of climate change at each moment, place, and time of the year, and for each type of tourism (meetings, incentives, conferences and exhibitions; leisure; adventure; coastal; inland; and other forms). Based on existing research through a survey of 432 tourists in Gipuzkoa, Spain, three types of segments are identified: Latecomers, Standard consumers, and Conscientious travellers. Our findings suggest that travellers’ behaviour can be predicted, and DMOs can target segments that will engage in more sustainable behaviours at the destination.
Finally, perhaps the most significant managerial implication, it is a crucial opportunity to engage a committed public on key issues related to environmental conservation and climate change. Optimizing the demand mix by selecting environmentally friendly segments has the potential to substantially reduce tourism\u27s contribution to climate change.La gestión de la mayoría de los destinos turísticos se ha orientado hacia el crecimiento desde una perspectiva económica que a la larga ha puesto de manifiesto la necesidad de revisar los modelos de medición tradicionales basados en el número de visitantes o en el gasto; el escenario actual se caracteriza por una creciente preocupación por la sostenibilidad en sus todos sus ámbitos: ambiental, social, cultural y económica. En ese sentido uno de los grandes retos globales de esta industria es el cambio climático que puede llegar a modificar los flujos y los propios destinos turísticos.
El creciente impacto del cambio climático ha hecho de la descarbonización una prioridad crucial para la industria de los viajes y el turismo, afectando a todos los actores involucrados: proveedores, gestores, reguladores, intermediarios, consumidores y turistas. Diversos estudios muestran que la presión por reducir las emisiones de carbono en el sector está en aumento. No obstante, el camino hacia esta transformación se enfrenta a numerosas barreras como el costo de las tecnologías sostenibles, las limitaciones de estas, la falta de incentivos financieros o una concienciación insuficiente.
Este estudio examina el perfil de la demanda frente a estos desafíos, segmentando en función del comportamiento sostenible en general y, específicamente, en relación con las acciones contra el cambio climático, siendo esta su principal contribución teórica. Para sectores clave de la industria turística, como el de alojamiento, objeto de este estudio, resulta fundamental comprender la actitud y el comportamiento de la demanda turística, con el fin de desarrollar y promover mercados con conductas pro-sostenibles y/o reducir aquellos segmentos con comportamientos negativos. Además, llegar a soluciones de segmentación significativas es útil para las organizaciones de gestión de destinos (Destination Management Organizations, DMO) como base para una estrategia de optimización de la demanda. Esta estrategia permitirá a los organismos responsables de la gestión turística implementar acciones específicas para cada perfil de turista, facilitando respuestas más efectivas para mitigar los efectos del cambio climático según el contexto, la ubicación, la temporada y el tipo de turismo (reuniones, incentivos, conferencias y exposiciones; ocio; aventura; costa; interior; y otras formas).
A través de una metodología cuantitativa, un cuestionario diseñado con base en investigaciones previas, el estudio analiza a 432 turistas en Gipuzkoa, España, distinguiendo tres tipos de segmentos que se han denominado: Rezagados, Consumidores estándar y Viajeros conscientes. Estos resultados muestran que entender los hábitos y comportamientos de los viajeros desde una perspectiva de sostenibilidad permitirá a los proveedores de servicios y a los gestores turísticos centrarse en segmentos que fomenten conductas más responsables, e incluso impulsar prácticas de turismo regenerativo en el destino
Consumo de audio en la infancia y la adolescencia: radio y plataformas digitales
No full textIn the digital era, audio consumption habits among children and teens in Spain have changed dramatically due to the accessibility of mobile technologies and digital audio platforms. This study analyzes how they interact with audio content, including podcast, music, and audiobooks, and its impact on the cognitive and social development of these generations. To investigate these habits, a quantitative methodology was used through surveys conducted via Qualtrics a representative sample of children and adolescents aged 3 to 18. The results reveal that digital audio consumption is booming, although specific audio content for this age group is limited and often unknown to them. Spending on audio subscriptions is significantly lower than on video subscriptions. Teens spend less on audio subscriptions, while families of 7–12-year-olds report spending nothing on them. Most audio-visual consumption occurs at home, with an increasing trend toward the use of personal devices such as cell phones as children get older. Spotify only begins to gain relevance during adolescence. This research highlights the need to meticulously adjust measurement parameters to provide reliable data on audio consumption, Building trust within the industry and exploring new opportunities for innovative audio production and distribution of audio content for these younger targets.En la era digital, los hábitos de consumo de audio entre niños y jóvenes en España han cambiado drásticamente debido a la accesibilidad de tecnologías móviles y plataformas de streaming. Este estudio analiza cómo interactúan con los contenidos de audio, incluyendo podcast, música y audiolibros, y los principales indicadores de su dieta sonora. Para investigar estos hábitos, se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa mediante encuestas con Qualtrics a una muestra representativa de niños y adolescentes de 3 a 18 años. Los resultados revelan que el consumo de audio digital está en auge, aunque los contenidos sonoros específicos para niños y adolescentes son limitados y, a menudo, desconocidos para ellos. El gasto en suscripciones de audio es significativamente menor comparado con el vídeo. Los adolescentes gastan menos en suscripciones de audio, mientras que las familias de niños de 7 a 12 años reportan no gastar nada en ellas. La mayoría de los consumos audiovisuales ocurren en casa, con una tendencia creciente hacia el uso de dispositivos personales como teléfonos móviles a medida que los niños crecen. Spotify solo empieza a ser relevante en la adolescencia. Esta investigación pone de manifiesto la necesidad de ajustar los parámetros de medición para ofrecer datos confiables sobre el consumo de audio, fomentando la confianza en la industria y explorando nuevas oportunidades de producción y distribución de contenido sonoro para estos targets
De la subcultura a la educación crítica: El Manifiesto Comunista en cómic como herramienta de divulgación política e histórica
No full textPurpose. This article examines how graphic adaptations of The Communist Manifesto have evolved from subcultural products to key tools in the dissemination of Marxist thought and political education. Methodology. An interdisciplinary approach is used, combining textual, visual, and contextual analysis of various illustrated editions to assess their impact on simplifying and conveying complex ideological concepts. Results and conclusions. Findings reveal that comics, through their combination of visual and narrative language, enhance the accessibility of The Communist Manifesto to diverse audiences. The study concludes that these adaptations not only reinterpret the original message but also contextualize it within contemporary sociopolitical realities, establishing comics as an effective educational resource. Originality. This research offers a comparative perspective on the visual representation of Marxist thought in comics, highlighting their role in education and the dissemination of political ideas through popular culture.Propósito. Este artículo analiza cómo las adaptaciones gráficas de El Manifiesto Comunista han evolucionado desde productos de subcultura hasta herramientas clave en la divulgación del pensamiento marxista y la educación política. Metodología. Se emplea un enfoque interdisciplinario basado en el análisis textual, visual y contextual de diversas ediciones ilustradas, evaluando su impacto en la simplificación y transmisión de conceptos ideológicos complejos. Resultados y conclusiones. Los hallazgos revelan que el cómic, gracias a su combinación de lenguaje visual y narrativo, facilita la comprensión de El Manifiesto Comunista, aumentando su accesibilidad a diferentes públicos. Se concluye que estas adaptaciones no solo reinterpretan el mensaje original, sino que lo contextualizan en nuevas realidades sociopolíticas, consolidándose como un recurso didáctico eficaz. Aportación original. Este estudio ofrece una perspectiva comparativa sobre la representación visual del pensamiento marxista en el cómic, destacando su papel en la enseñanza y la difusión de ideas políticas a través de la cultura popular
Nuevas perspectivas para investigar la educomunicación: inclusión, ética y desafíos emergentes [Reseña]
No full textThe book offers a critical, interdisciplinary, and up-to-date analysis of the main challenges currently facing educational and communication research. Structured into nine chapters, the text addresses key issues such as social justice, inclusive education, the impact of emerging technologies, the historical visibility of women educators, and the fight against disinformation. Through diverse methodologies—including literature review, participatory action research, and documentary analysis—the work proposes new perspectives for approaching education in a world marked by inequality, hate speech, and technological transformation. It also reflects on the importance of building community support networks, promoting critical thinking, and revaluing the role of lifelong education. Targeted at researchers, educators, postgraduate students, and professionals committed to social change, this book represents a significant contribution to rethinking educommunication as an ethical, inclusive, and emancipatory process.El libro ofrece un análisis crítico, interdisciplinario y actualizado de los principales retos a los que se enfrenta la investigación educativa y comunicativa en la actualidad. Estructurado en nueve capítulos, el texto articula cuestiones centrales como la justicia social, la inclusión educativa, el impacto de las tecnologías emergentes, la visibilización histórica de las mujeres educadoras y la lucha contra la desinformación. A través de metodologías diversas —que incluyen la revisión bibliográfica, la investigación-acción participativa y el análisis documental—, la obra propone nuevas perspectivas para abordar la educación en un mundo marcado por la desigualdad, los discursos de odio y la transformación tecnológica. Además, reflexiona sobre la importancia de construir redes de apoyo comunitario, promover el pensamiento crítico y revalorizar el papel de la educación a lo largo de toda la vida. Dirigido a investigadores, docentes, estudiantes de posgrado y profesionales comprometidos con el cambio social, este libro constituye una aportación significativa para repensar la educomunicación como un proceso ético, inclusivo y emancipador
Wandering Virginia Woolf’s Home through Spatial Correlators of Autobiographical Memory: A Sketch of the Past
Get PDFThis research is based on the argument that architecture, specifically some building elements, have effects of different qualities on the establishment of spatial memory. In this article, it is searched for the ways in which spaces urge movements and create spatial situations through certain building elements such as doors, windows, and staircases. Drawing on theories of memory and perception, it is suggested that the spatial situations provided by building elements play a significant role in the recollection of spaces in the autobiography. For exploring how the narratives of these building elements in literature may provide insights into the relations between memory and space, as a case study, it is resorted to an autobiographical memoir, named ‘A sketch of the past’ (1985) by Virginia Woolf written in 1939. The case study seeks the spatial correlators of autobiographical memory by framing a discussion on the co-functioning of memory, perception and experience. The text is deconstructed to explore how the establishment of space occurs through spatial situations. The findings are then evaluated through philosophy and theories of psychology on autobiographical memory. The transcribed spatial situations and remembered experiences engraved on the hypothetically constructed isometric drawing of Woolf’s childhood home, Hyde Park Gate 22, London and the qualities of spatial correlators in action are evaluated
Beyond Confinement: Bodies, Spaces and the Challenge of Social Reintegration
Get PDFPrison overcrowding in Italy highlights a critical tension between the physicality of confinement and the rehabilitative objectives of detention time. Beyond representing a quantitative issue, overcrowding reflects more profound challenges related to modifying spaces and their management methods, directly impacting the inmate\u27s and staff\u27s well-being. This article retraces the decade-long experience of the Laboratorio Carcere research group at Politecnico di Milano, investigating how architectural design can help transform prisons from containment structures into places that promote human dignity and social reintegration.
Through the use of "transition prototypes", the research group experiments with concrete interventions that centre on the interaction between individuals and the spaces they inhabit, creating opportunities for relationships both within the institutions and between prisons and the external society. These interventions, conceived not as solutions but as triggers for new design questions, allow researchers to directly observe the characteristics of spaces hidden behind prison walls. A turning point in fostering research-action opportunities is represented by the opening of Off-Campus San Vittore, a research and teaching space of Politecnico di Milano within the historic prison in Milan. Weekly visits to these spaces allow researchers to observe, measure, and understand the living comfort conditions in various prison places throughout different periods of the year. It offers a richer and more articulated perspective on detention spaces. The reflections, rooted in the Milanese context, aim to stimulate a broader dialogue with European contexts, addressing the urgent issue of living quality in detention spaces
Bodies in the Void: Temporary practices in Terrain Vague sites
Get PDFThis paper explores the potential of temporary urbanism practices in Terrain Vague sites—abandoned or undeveloped urban spaces. Drawing on theoretical frameworks from de Sola-Morales\u27 concept of Terrain Vague, Merleau-Ponty\u27s phenomenology of perception, and de Certeau\u27s spatial practices, the paper examines how bodies engage with and experience these undefined spaces through movement, events, and temporary activities. Through case studies in London and Lisbon, the research examines how these spaces can address socioecological challenges in cities. The authors introduce the concept of "Vague Catalyst" projects, which employ minimal, temporary interventions rather than permanent structures to enable diverse community uses and activities.
The research analyses two representative cases: Cody Dock in London, a community-led regeneration project of a post-industrial site initiated in 2009, and LABIC in Barreiro Velho, Lisbon, a laboratory of community innovation that run in 2022. Both projects demonstrate how temporary practices create opportunities for environmental learning and citizenship while illustrating how different user groups engage with and reimagine vague terrain through bodily presence and activities.
The study identifies five key characteristics of successful Vague Catalyst projects: 1) implementation in previously abandoned or degraded spaces; 2) adoption of temporal and tactical urbanism approaches; 3) gradual spatial transformation based on evolving community needs; 4) community-driven management that evolves from individual custodians to communities of care; and 5) function as catalysts for adaptive urbanism that respond dynamically to immediate needs and opportunities.
The paper demonstrates how community-led temporary practices can transform urban voids into valuable social spaces while maintaining ecological benefits, contributing to experimental placemaking and community strengthening. These findings suggest that temporary urbanism strategies in Terrain Vague sites can effectively reimagine and regenerate urban spaces, redefining them as public spaces adaptable to changing community needs