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Oxygenated and Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Ambient Air-Levels, Phase Partitioning, Mass Size Distributions, and Inhalation Bioaccessibility
Get PDFAmong the nitrated and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs and OPAHs) are some of the most hazardous substances to public health, mainly because of their carcinogenicity and oxidative potential. Despite these concerns, the concentrations and fate of NPAHs and OPAHs in the atmospheric environment are largely unknown. Ambient air concentrations of 18 NPAHs, 5 quinones, and 5 other OPAHs were determined at two urban and one regional background sites in central Europe. At one of the urban sites, the total (gas and particulate) concentrations of Sigma(10)OPAHs were 10.0 +/- 9.2 ng/m(3) in winter and 3.5 +/- 1.6 ng/m(3) in summer. The gradient to the regional background site exceeded 1 order of magnitude. Sigma(18)NPAH concentrations were typically 1 order of magnitude lower than OPAHs. Among OPAHs, 9-fluorenone and (9,10)-anthraquinone were the most abundant species, accompanied by benzanthrone in winter. (9,10)-Anthraquinone represented two-thirds of quinones. We found that a large fraction of the target substance particulate mass was carried by submicrometer particles. The derived inhalation bioaccessibility in the PM10 size fraction is found to be approximate to 5% of the total ambient concentration of OPAHs and up to approximate to 2% for NPAHs. For 9-fluorenone and (9,10)-anthraquinone, up to 86 and 18%, respectively, were found at the rural site. Our results indicate that water solubility could function as a limiting factor for bioaccessibility of inhaled particulate NPAHs and OPAHs, without considerable effect of surfactant lipids and proteins in the lung lining fluid
(review) Slavoj Žižek, "Sex and the Failed Absolute"
No full textReview of Slavoj Žižek. Sex and the Failed Absolute. Boomsbury 2019. 496 pp. 29.95 USD (Hardcover ISBN 9781350043787
Studying Leaders and Elites : The Personal Biography Approach
Get PDFThe last two decades have seen a revival in work that takes the role of individual leaders and elites seriously. This article surveys new research that explores how biographical factors influence their behavior. We call this literature the personal biography approach to political leadership. Our survey first lays out four mechanisms through which biographical characteristics might affect leader behavior. We then discuss the main findings, grouping them according to socializing experiences (e.g., education, military service, and prior occupation) and ascriptive traits (e.g., gender, race, and ethnicity). We also consider the methodological problems, especially endogeneity and selection effects, that pose challenges to this style of research. We conclude with an assessment of gaps in the literature and provide suggestions for future work in the biographical vein
Teaching Lab: Training Novice Computer Science Teachers
Get PDFStudent teaching assistants are not uncommon in computer science. However, their pedagogical training is often only superficial. This poster presents the Teaching Lab – a mature and fully developed training course for novice teachers (mostly undergraduate teaching assistants), its core principles, content and unique features as it evolved over five years. Our experience can be helpful to others intending to create or adjust a training program for novice teachers
Graph-based models in prediction and projection of cyber attacks
Get PDFPredictive analysis allows next-generation cyber defense that is more proactive than current approaches based solely on intrusion detection. In this talk, we will discuss various approaches to predicting and projecting cyber attacks. Graph-based models are dominating the field since the foundation of this research area. Attack graphs were used to traverse through the attacker’s actions and project the continuation of an ongoing attack. Later, attack graphs were combined with Bayesian networks and Markov models to reflect the probabilistic nature of predictions and overcome uncertainties in observation of attack steps. However, there are still open issues, such as how to create such models and evaluate the predictions. The talk will shed light on using graphs in this research area and summarize resolved and open issues
Skrytá aserce jako prostředek jazykové manipulace v současné ruské a české politické publicistice
Get PDFPříspěvek je zaměřen na diskurzivní analýzu titulků a perexů vybraných textů současné ruské a české politické publicistiky, v nichž je aserce (tvrzení) a její záměna za presupozici (předpoklad) využívána jako prostředek jazykové manipulace. Cílem studie je ukázat, že skrytá aserce je spolu s nepřiměřeným používáním expresivního lexika a ironie jedním z rozpoznávacích znaků neautentické publicistiky a propagandy.The paper is focused on discursive analysis of headlines and journalistic leads of selected texts of contemporary Russian and Czech political journalism, in which assertion and its substitution for presupposition is used as a means of language manipulation. The aim of the study is to show that covert assertion, along with the disproportionate use of expressive lexic and irony, is one of the distinguishing features of non-authentic journalism and propaganda
Tipologías de errores en la expresión escrita
Get PDFEl objetivo de esta comunicación es presentar los distintos criterios que se pueden seguir para establecer una tipología de errores en la expresión escrita de aprendices de ELE (espaňol como lengua extranjera). Esta variedad de criterios (Vázquez, 1999) permitirá orientar la investigación hacia un tratamiento más preciso de las idiosincrasias que presenta la interlengua escrita. Para ello, la metodología seguida se apoyará en la corriente del Análisis de Errores (Corder, 1967) dentro del marco de la adquisición de segundas lenguas, en el ámbito de la Lingüística Aplicada. A partir de un corpus de muestras de expresión escrita, elaboradas por estudiantes universitarios checos y eslovacos, se analizarán los posibles escollos que puedan surgir en el tratamiento de los errores. El análisis se centrará en los errores morfosintácticos de los textos y en la aplicación de una taxonomía de criterio lingüístico para su corrección. Se comprobará que algunos errores se pueden clasificar en más de una categoría o que, en ocasiones, el investigador deberá adaptar la taxonomía a las idiosincrasias que encuentre, ya que es posible que la tipología no presente la categoría necesaria para un tipo de error concreto. Las conclusiones del estudio revelarán cuáles son las ventajas y las desventajas de aplicar este método en el tratamiento de los errores gramaticales y permitirán reflexionar sobre los aspectos didácticos de la corrección de errores.The aim of this paper is to present the variety of criteria that can be followed to classify mistakes in written Spanish. This variety (Vázquez, 1999) will allow us to establish a typology of errors in order to orient our investigation towards more precise correction during our lessons. In order to achieve this goal, we will follow the methodology of Error Analysis (Corder, 1967) within the Acquisition of Second Languages and Applied Linguistics. At the same time, we will analyze a corpus of essays written by Czech and Slovak college students to show to what extent a specific typology of errors is suitable to correct them. In particular, we will apply this typology to morphosyntactic errors to find out three different scenarios: some mistakes can be classified into one category; some mistakes can be classified into more than one category simultaneously; and some other mistakes will not fit into any category, so they will need an adaptation of the typology. The conclusions of our investigation will reveal the advantages and disadvantages of applying this method of marking and will lead us to discuss the different ways of error correction
The semantic network of the Latin preposition per : a diachronic investigation
Get PDFProponiamo qui i risultati di uno studio corpus-based sugli slittamenti diacronici osservabili nel network semantico della preposizione per in latino. Sulla base della Cognitive Grammar, descriviamo la semantica di per situandola lungo un continuum che procede dal concreto all’astratto, a partire da un contenuto schematico originario; discutiamo, quindi, i percorsi attraverso i quali i nuovi significati astratti emergono attraverso slittamenti metonimici, focalizzando la nostra attenzione sui ruoli causali e sulla caratteristica di animatezza.We present here the results of a corpus-based study on the diachronic shifts observed in the semantic network of the preposition per in Latin. On the basis of Cognitive Grammar, we describe the semantics of per by situating it along a continuum that proceeds from the concrete to the abstract, starting from an original schematic content; we then discuss the pathways through which new abstract meanings emerge through metonymic slips, focusing on the causal roles of the metonymic meanings of per. metonymic shifts, focusing our attention on the causal roles and the animacy feature. the characteristic of animacy
Integration of financial Market supervision
Get PDFThis book analyses the integration of financial market supervision at the international level, particularly focusing on EU law and the actual processes taking place in this area (system). Currently legislative action at the EU level has a significant impact on legislation in the Czech Republic, with which this work is also of concerned together with where the integration of supervision takes place. This book seeks among other things to find the causes increasingly ongoing process of integration of financial market supervision and determine whether the direction in which the international integration is going, is the right way. The main objective of this book is to determine, whether the process of integration increases itself the efficiency of financial market supervision, while simultaneously reducing systemic risk to financial market stability. The research in this book also seeks to determine whether the functional of regulation of the financial market has been significantly integrated into the financial market supervision and has become to a certain extent preventive - primary supervision.Tato kniha zkoumá integraci dohledu nad finančním trhem v mezinárodním měřítku, zejména se zaměřením na právo EU a aktuální procesy odehrávající se v této oblasti. Právě legislativní dění na EU úrovni má zásadní vliv i na právní úpravu v České republice, o níž je v této práci také pojednáno a kde integrace dohledu probíhá taktéž. Tato kniha se snaží mimo jiné nalézt příčiny stále probíhajícího procesu integrace dohledu nad finančním trhem se snahou o zjištění, zda je směr, kterým se mezinárodní integrace ubírá, tím směrem správným. Hlavním cílem této knihy je zjištění, zda již samotným procesem integrace dochází ke zvýšení efektivity dohledu nad finančním trhem a současně snížení systémového rizika ohrožení stability finančního trhu. Výzkum v rámci této knihy směřuje také ke zjištění, zda funkce regulace nad finančním trhem byla velmi významně integrována do dohledu nad finančním trhem a stala se do jisté míry preventivním – primárním dohledem.This book analyses the integration of financial market supervision at the international level, particularly focusing on EU law and the actual processes taking place in this area (system). Currently legislative action at the EU level has a significant impact on legislation in the Czech Republic, with which this work is also of concerned together with where the integration of supervision takes place. This book seeks among other things to find the causes increasingly ongoing process of integration of financial market supervision and determine whether the direction in which the international integration is going, is the right way. The main objective of this book is to determine, whether the process of integration increases itself the efficiency of financial market supervision, while simultaneously reducing systemic risk to financial market stability. The research in this book also seeks to determine whether the functional of regulation of the financial market has been significantly integrated into the financial market supervision and has become to a certain extent preventive - primary supervisio
The Influence of Interaction with Nature in Childhood on Future Pro-environmental Behavior
Get PDFPro-environmental behavior is a key to environmental sustainability. It is important to know which variables influence the development of pro-environmental behavior and how important direct interaction with nature is for future environmental engagement. The aim of the research was to examine the correlation between childhood interaction with nature and pro-environmental behavior as an adult and the mediators influencing this correlation. The respondents (N = 370) were selected by the snowball method and completed an on-line questionnaire. Bivariate correlation and parallel mediation analysis were done. Previous research studies focused mainly on one type of influence, and this research brought a comparison of three mediators. The results confirmed that interaction with nature in childhood affects future pro-environmental behavior. The main mediator seems to be the affective mediator. The cognitive mediator and interaction with nature in adulthood had only a small mediation effect. Children’s emotional bonding with nature is the important element for the development of pro-environmental behavior. This appears to be a more effective way of ensuring stronger pro-environmental behavior in the future than building environmental knowledge or relying on sufficient interaction with nature in adulthood