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Psychometrické vlastnosti české verze dotazníku obecné self-efficacy u populace hospitalizovaných pacientů
No full textCíle. Cílem práce bylo zjistit psychometrické vlastnosti české verze Dotazníku obecné self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale – GSES) u populace hospitalizovaných pacientů. Vzorek a metodika. Sledovaný soubor činil 386 respondentů hospitalizovaných ve Fakultní nemocnici Hradec Králové. Byla použita česká verze dotazníku General Self-Efficacy Scale. Statistická analýza. Veškeré analýzy byly provedeny v prostředí R. Faktorová struktura byla ověřována s využitím teorie odpovědi na položku (Item Response Theory), a to pomocí dvouparametrového Graded Response Modelu. Tento byl použit i pro ověření invariance měření mezi muži a ženami. Pro hodnocení vztahu obecné self-efficacy s demografickými proměnnými byla použita lineární regrese a t-testy. Percen-tilové normy byly sestrojeny pomocí vyhlazené kumulativní distribuční funkce pro muže a ženy zvlášť. Výsledky. Celkový skór škály se pohyboval v rozmezí 15–40 bodů s průměrem M = 30,86 (SD = 6,05). Psychometrické vlastnosti české verze dotazníku GSES jsou dobré, vnitřní konzistence je vysoká (Cronbachova alfa = 0,924; omega t = 0,938). Struktura dotazníku na základě naší analýzy je spíše dvoudimenzionální, korelace obou faktorů je však velmi vysoká. Je tedy smysluplné pracovat s jediným celkovým skórem dotazníku. Ze všech sledovaných proměnných pouze pohlaví mělo statisticky významný vliv na vnímanou self-efficacy (SE), škála byla pro obě pohlaví invariantní. Rozdíly mezi klinikami byly velmi malé, pouze respondenti z psychiatrické kliniky dosahovali statisticky významně nižšího skóru oproti respondentům z ostatních klinik.Limity studie. Limity studie vyplývají z jejího průřezového charakteru a skutečnosti, že výběr respondentů nebyl reprezentativní. Data jsou založena na subjektivních výpovědích; jedná se o respondenty hospitalizované s různými zdra-votními potížemi.Objectives. The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Czech version of the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) in the group of hospitalized patients. Sample and setting. The sample contained 386 respondents hospitalized in the Faculty hospital Hradec Kralove. The Czech version of GSES was used. Statistical analysis. All the analyses were performed in the R environment. Factor structure was tested using Item Response Theory (IRT), namely twoparameters Graded Response model. This model was used also for testing measurement invariance for men and women. We used ttests and linear model to test relation between GSES and demographical variables. Percentile norms were constructed using kernel smoothed cumulative distribution for men and women separately. Results. The score of the scale ranged from 15 to 40 points with an average of M = 30,86 (SD = 6,05). Our results suggest that the Czech version of the GSES has satisfactory psychometric properties, the internal consistency is on high level (Cronbach aplha = 0,924; omega t = 0,938). Even hough the analysis of the structure of the questionnaire showed to be slightly twodimensional, the correlation of the two factors is quite high. This implies the potential of working with one universal questionnaire score. Of all monitored variables, only gender had statistically significant influence over the perceived self-efficacy, the scale was invariant for both genders. The differences between clinics were very small, only the respondents from psychiatric clinic achieved statistically significant lower score. Study limitations. The limits of the study come from its cross-sectional character and the fact that the choise of respondents was not representative. Data are based on subjective statements coming from respondents hospitalized with various health problems
Epigenetic clock as a correlate of anxiety
Get PDFDNA methylation changes consistently throughout life and age-dependent alterations in DNA methylation can be used to estimate one’s epigenetic age. Post-mortem studies revealed higher epigenetic age in brains of patients with major depressive disorder, as compared with controls. Since MDD is highly correlated with anxiety, we hypothesized that symptoms of anxiety, as well as lower volume of grey matter (GM) in depression-related cortical regions, will be associated with faster epigenetic clock in a community-based sample of young adults. Participants included 88 young adults (53% men; 23–24 years of age) from the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC) who participated in its neuroimaging follow-up and provided saliva samples for epigenetic analysis. Epigenetic age was calculated according to Horvath (Horvath, 2013). Women had slower epigenetic clock than men (Cohen’s d = 0.48). In women (but not men), slower epigenetic clock was associated with less symptoms of anxiety. In the brain, women (but not men) with slower epigenetic clock had greater GM volume in the cerebral cortex (brain size-corrected; R2 = 0.07). Lobe-specific analyses showed that in women (but not men), slower epigenetic clock was associated with greater GM volume in frontal lobe (R2 = 0.16), and that GM volume in frontal lobe mediated the relationship between the speed of epigenetic clock and anxiety trait (ab = 0.15, SE = 0.15, 95% CI [0.007; 0.369]). These findings were not replicated, however, in a community-based sample of adolescents (n = 129; 49% men; 12–19 years of age), possibly due to the different method of tissue collection (blood vs. saliva) or additional sources of variability in the cohort of adolescents (puberty stages, socioeconomic status, prenatal exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy)
Computer Graphic Re-visited & Vasulka Kitchen Brno : Past and Present of New Media Art in Brno
Get PDFThe lecture introduces two milestones of new media art history in Brno, Czech Republic. It will start with one of the very first exhibitions of computer art worldwide which took place in the Brno House of Arts in 1968. This little-known exhibition will be described both from the historiographical perspective, and from the point of view of it reconstruction using fully immersive virtual reality system (2017, 2018). The second milestone to be introduced is an opening of Vašulka Kitchen Brno – Center of New Media Art (2018) dedicated to the work and legacy of pioneers of video art: Brno native Woody Vašulka and his wife Steina. Beside information about the center and its mission, the research project using machine learning to deal with content of the archive, and to test potential of these new tools for research, and mediation of the Vasulkas work and poetics to the contemporary audience will be discussed. Vašulka Kitchen Brno www.vasulkakitchen.orgPřednáška představuje dva milníky historie nových médií v Brně. Začne s jednou z prvních výstav počítačového umění na světě, která se uskutečnila v Brně v roce 1968. Tato málo známá výstava bude popsána jak z historiografického hlediska, tak i z hlediska její rekonstrukce s využitím systému virtuální reality (2017, 2018). Dále bude představeno slavnostní otevření Vašulka Kitchen Brno - Centrum umění nových médií (2018), které je věnováno práci a odkazu průkopníků videoartu: brněnského rodáka Woody Vašulky a jeho manželky Steina. Kromě informací o centru a jeho poslání bude diskutován výzkumný projekt využívající strojové učení k řešení obsahu archivu a testování potenciálu těchto nových nástrojů pro výzkum a zprostředkování Vašulkovy práce a poetiky současnému publiku. Vašulka Kitchen Brno www.vasulkakitchen.or
The Role of Domestic Courts in the Strasbourg System
No full textThis chapter focuses more closely on the role of courts and judges in the implementation of Strasbourg case law. First, it identifies the various actors within the domestic judiciaries who influence the implementation processes. Subsequently, it zeroes in on the role of constitutional courts and ordinary courts in implementing Strasbourg case law. It identifies different motivations of domestic judges for engaging with the Strasbourg case law, shows different strategies domestic courts use towards the ECtHR, and discusses the factors that affect the relationship between domestic courts and the ECtHR. This chapter unpacked the domestic judiciary and identified its varied roles in the ECtHR’s case law implementation. It explained the high capacity of domestic judiciary to contribute to the effectiveness and domestic embeddedness of the Strasbourg Court’s judgments. However, it also showed that the domestic judiciary has to be further differentiated. There are numerous structural, institutional, and contingent factors that may largely influence how the given court treats the Strasbourg Court’s rulings. Even on the level of apex courts, there are several internal actors with potentially differing preferences and positions that may affect the treatment of the ECtHR’s case law by apex courts
Velký průvodce literaturou
Get PDFRecenze: Jan Vladislav. Eseje. Praha: Torst, 2018, 1117 s. Soubor shrnuje celoživotní esejistickou tvorbu Jana Vladislava.Recenze: Jan Vladislav. Eseje. Praha: Torst, 2018, 1117 s. Soubor shrnuje celoživotní esejistickou tvorbu Jana Vladislava.Review: Jan Vladislav. Eseje. Praha: Torst, 2018, 1117 p. The ensemble summarizes the lifelong essay work of Jan Vladislav
Mélancolie et nostalgie dans La Québécoite de Régine Robin et La Célébration de Naïm Kattan
Get PDFGrâce à l'arrivée de nombreux immigrants à Montréal, la ville a offert un milieu très propice à la rencontre des cultures et des individus dont les artistes d'origine juive. Ceux qui cherchent à s'intégrer dans la nouvelle société traversent un parcours souvent douloureux imprégné de solitude et du souvenir navrant du passé commun à la judéité européenne. L'effort d'appartenance à la communauté ainsi que le désir d'amour et d'épanouissement, défis non négligeables dans la vie de tout un chacun, deviennent alors davantage compliqués. Toutes ces caractéristiques sont présentes dans deux romans montréalais : La Québécoite de Régine Robin et La Célébration de Naïm Kattan. Deux facettes de la tristesse seront analysées : la mélancolie et la nostalgie.Thanks to numerous immigrants moving to Montreal, the city has become very favorable to a meeting of cultures and individuals among which many artists of Jewish origin. Those who seek to integrate into the new society go through an often painful journey complicated by the feeling of loneliness, the effort to belong to the community, the desire for love and fulfillment, as well as the dark past common to the entire Jewish world of Eastern Europe. All these features are present in two Montreal novels: Régine Robin’s La Québécoite and Naïm Kattan’s La Célébration. Two facets of sadness will be analysed: melancholy and nostalgia
Analýza ekonomických dopadů legislativního zákazu využívání klecového chovu slepic na území ČR
Get PDFByl jsem přizván k účasti na semináři na půdě Poslanecké sněmovny ČR Klecové chovy slepic – patří ještě do 21. století? Předmětem diskuze byly klecové a neklecové chovy, včetně ekonomických dopadů případné legislativou vynucené tranzice mezi nimi. Prezentoval jsem výsledky Analýzy ekonomických dopadů legislativního zákazu využívání klecového chovu slepic na území ČR, na které jsem spolupracoval. Záznam ze semináře, prezentace, související dokumenty včetně Analýzy lze najít https://www.psp.cz/sqw/hp.sqw?k=4606&td=19&cu=19. Navrhovaná právní úprava pak byla schválena jako součást novely Zákona o ochraně zvířat
Typologie českých ministrů – kdo jsou členové vlád?
Get PDFČlánek je zaměřený na často opomíjenou otázku, jaké osobnosti se stávají členy českých vlád. Ananlyzuje některé klíčové charakteristiky českých ministrů v období 1993 až 2018, se zaměřením na jejich vzdělání a kariéry před a po výkonu funkce. Prvním cílem textu je identifikovat rekrutační základny českých vlád. Druhým je aplikace nové typologie založené na Blondelovým rozlišením mezi ministry specialisty a univerzály, které je doplněno o rozdělení mezi politiky a technokraty. Jednotlivé vlády jsou pak porovnány na základě relativního zastoupení jednotlivých typů ministrů.This article explores the understudied question of who is likely to become a minister in the Czech Republic. It analyses some of the key characteristics of Czech ministers in the period from 1993 till 2018: we focus mainly on education and carriers before and after the office. The first goal is to identify reservoir pools from which Czech ministers tend to be recruited. The second is to apply a new typology based on Blondel’s distinction between specialists and generalists, combined with the distinction between politicians and technocrats. Individual governments are then compared based on the relative representation of each of these types of ministers
A Systematic Literature Review on IT Outsourcing Decision and Future Research Directions
Get PDFDuring the recent decades, some academic research on the subject of information technology outsourcing (ITO) decision has appeared in different outlets, which may impede the use of such resources and as a result, repetition of research by various researchers is very likely. The purpose of this paper is then to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) pertaining to research on ITO decision. Then, this review intends to 1) classify ITO decision literature, 2) provide a list of factors affecting ITO decision, and 3) identify ITO strategies. To this end, 91 ITO articles published between 2000 and 2018 in 51 unique journals were reviewed. The results yielded three kinds of descriptive, relational, and comparative ITO decision studies. The determinants of ITO decisions are classified into technological, organizational, environmental and user adoption factors. Furthermore, the trend of studied ITO strategies in the reviewed literature is analyzed, and future sourcing varietals are proposed. Finally, some insights and future research directions are proposed based on the review results.During the recent decades, some academic research on the subject of information technology outsourcing (ITO) decision has appeared in different outlets, which may impede the use of such resources and as a result, repetition of research by various researchers is very likely. The purpose of this paper is then to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) pertaining to research on ITO decision. Then, this review intends to 1) classify ITO decision literature, 2) provide a list of factors affecting ITO decision, and 3) identify ITO strategies. To this end, 91 ITO articles published between 2000 and 2018 in 51 unique journals were reviewed. The results yielded three kinds of descriptive, relational, and comparative ITO decision studies. The determinants of ITO decisions are classified into technological, organizational, environmental and user adoption factors. Furthermore, the trend of studied ITO strategies in the reviewed literature is analyzed, and future sourcing varietals are proposed. Finally, some insights and future research directions are proposed based on the review results
Environmental Citizenship in Primary Formal Education
Get PDFThe concept of Environmental Citizenship, as it has been developed in this project, calls for the development of specific awareness, attitudes, skills, behaviours and competences that need to be cultivated from early childhood for active civic participation. Primary formal education could provide opportunities for the achievement of these goals. In this chapter, we elaborate on how Environmental Citizenship, which provides the specifics of age and formal settings, could be approached and the educational strategies that could be recommended or avoided based on the existing literature. This chapter also provides an overview of the most important educational aims regarding the development of Environmental Citizenship in primary formal education. These include environmental sensitivity, a sense of justice, a basic understanding of ecological systems, necessary skills for the investigation of ecological and social phenomena, and action skills that relate to active participation in community issues. We suggest that successful educational interventions, integrated pedagogical approaches and key designing principles could promote Environmental Citizenship at primary schools. In addition, effective training and professional development programmes can equip teachers with the knowledge, values, skills and strategies necessary to implement Environmental Citizenship at this level