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Big Five Personality Traits and Creativity
Get PDFPurpose: Personality traits represent an important driver of creativity. Several studies linked individual personality traits and creativity, yet in most cases, the literature provides contradictory insights. In this study, we quasi-replicate prior studies using a new sample to assess the reliability of previous research. Furthermore, we explore the topic in greater detail, as we also study the relationship of creativity with personality facets, a more fine-grained alternative. Methodology/Approach: The study uses a survey-based sample of students from Denmark. To measure personality traits and facets, we asked respondents to fill 44 items Big Five Personality Inventory. We measured creativity using three items from the HEXACO-60 personality inventory. The data were analyzed using generalized least squares models with gender as a control. Findings: In line with the previous literature, our research showed that Openness to Experience is positively related to creativity. We found similar, yet statistically weaker evidence for the relationship of Extraversion and creativity. In contrast to most of the previous findings, we also reported a negative relationship between Conscientiousness and creativity. Research Limitation/Implication: Our research contributes to the topic of the relationship between personality traits and creativity. Some of the relationships fall into the area where the literature is not coherent. We propose that the explanation may stem from the too broad formulation of personality traits, and we partially show that using personality facets. For this reason, future research needs to go into detail of individual personality traits. Originality/Value of paper: The paper provides further insight into the relationship between personality and creativity.Purpose: Personality traits represent an important driver of creativity. Several studies linked individual personality traits and creativity, yet in most cases, the literature provides contradictory insights. In this study, we quasi-replicate prior studies using a new sample to assess the reliability of previous research. Furthermore, we explore the topic in greater detail, as we also study the relationship of creativity with personality facets, a more fine-grained alternative. Methodology/Approach: The study uses a survey-based sample of students from Denmark. To measure personality traits and facets, we asked respondents to fill 44 items Big Five Personality Inventory. We measured creativity using three items from the HEXACO-60 personality inventory. The data were analyzed using generalized least squares models with gender as a control. Findings: In line with the previous literature, our research showed that Openness to Experience is positively related to creativity. We found similar, yet statistically weaker evidence for the relationship of Extraversion and creativity. In contrast to most of the previous findings, we also reported a negative relationship between Conscientiousness and creativity. Research Limitation/Implication: Our research contributes to the topic of the relationship between personality traits and creativity. Some of the relationships fall into the area where the literature is not coherent. We propose that the explanation may stem from the too broad formulation of personality traits, and we partially show that using personality facets. For this reason, future research needs to go into detail of individual personality traits. Originality/Value of paper: The paper provides further insight into the relationship between personality and creativity
Which conservatism? The identity of the Polish Law and Justice party
Get PDFThis article deals with Poland’s Law and Justice (PiS), considered a conservative party in the scholarly literature. Drawing largely on party manifestos, the article demonstrates the character, the specificities and the evolution of the party’s identity and ideology. A theoretical basis for the undertaking is provided by Klaus von Beyme’s concept of party families, Arend Lijphart’s seven ideological dimensions and classic texts on conservatism. The analysis finds that the most important components in PiS’s current identity are Catholicism itself and the great emphasis the party places on the role of the Catholic Church. Also important for the party’s identity are visions of a nation conceived on ethnic principle, a strong and active state able to form society with a national spirit, anti-communism and a negation of developments in Poland since 1989. A substantial role is played by the quasi-religiously conceived legacy of the party’s co-founder, Lech Kaczyński, who tragically perished in an aircraft crash. With its Catholic-nationalist profile, PiS is close to the Christian current within the conservative New Right, and to Polish National Democracy in the interwar period.Článek se zabývá polskou politickou stranou Právo a spravedlnost (PiS), která je v akademické literatuře považována za konzervativní stranu. Smyslem textu je zejména s pomocí stranických programů ukázat charakter, specifika a vývoj stranické identity a ideologie. Teoretickou bází tvoří koncept party families Klause von Beymeho, sedm ideologických dimenzí Arenda Lijpharta a klasické texty zabývající se konzervatismem. Analýza dochází k závěru, že nejdůležitější složkou současné identity PiS jsou katolicismus a s tím spojený enormní důraz na úlohu katolické církve. Dále jsou pro stranickou identitu významné převážně etnicky chápaný národ, vize silného a aktivního státu schopného formovat společnost v národním duchu, antikomunismus a negace vývoje Polska po roce 1989. Značnou roli hraje také kvazinábožensky pojímaný odkaz spoluzakladatele strany Lecha Kaczyńského, který tragicky zahynul při letecké havárii. Svým katolicko-nacionálním profilem má PiS blízko ke křesťanskému proudu konzervativní Nové pravice, podobně jako k polské Národní demokracii mezi světovými válkami
Evropská integrace v diskurzu českých politických stran v období let 1989 až 1998
Get PDFJe tomu přibližně třicet let, kdy sametová revoluce ukončila nadvládu komunistické strany a nucenou orientaci Československa na SSSR. Tehdejší politická reprezentace tak stanula před úkolem vytyčit novou zahraničně politickou orientaci. Jednou z možností, jak se brzy ukázalo preferovanou, byla snaha o navázání úzké spolupráce s Evropskými společenstvími, přičemž tzv. návrat do Evropy měl nakonec vést ke vstupu do Evropské unie. Většina politických stran a hnutí zastoupených v parlamentu tento krok podporovala, nicméně jak prozrazuje analýza dobového diskurzu, jejich argumentace byla často rozdílná. Existovaly nicméně také subjekty, především SPR-RSČ a KSČM, které explicitně vyjadřovaly své výhrady k evropské integraci. Byť například analýza SPR-RSČ prokazuje, že postoje uvnitř těchto stran nemusely být vždy jednotné. Tento článek se proto snaží o analýzu diskurzu nejvýznamnějších politických subjektů k evropské integraci od sametové revoluce do voleb uskutečněných v roce 1998. Konkrétně se zaměřuje na Českou stranu sociálně demokratickou, Komunistickou stranu Čech a Moravy, Křesťanskou a demokratickou unii – Československou stranu lidovou, Občanskou demokratickou alianci, Občanskou demokratickou stranu a Sdružení pro republiku – Republikánskou stranou Československa.It has been approximately thirty years since the Velvet Revolution ended the domination of the Communist Party and the forced orientation of Czechoslovakia to the USSR. The past political representation faced the task of setting a new foreign policy orientation. One of the possibilities, which soon turned out to be preferred, was to establish close cooperation with the European Communities, and the so-called return to Europe eventually led to accession to the European Union. Most political parties and movements represented in the parliament supported this step although, as the analysis of contemporary discourse reveals, their arguments were often different. However, there were also entities, in particular the Association for the Republic – Republican Party of Czechoslovakia and the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia, which explicitly expressed their objections to European integration. Still, the analysis of Association for the Republic – Republican Party of Czechoslovakia, for example, shows that the positions within these parties may not have always been consistent. This article, therefore, seeks to analyse the European integration discourse of the major political actors from the Velvet Revolution to the 1998 elections. Specifically, it focuses on the Czech Social Democratic Party, the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia, the Christian and Democratic Union – Czechoslovak People’s Party, the Civic Democratic Alliance, the Civic Democratic Party and the Association for the Republic – Republican Party of Czechoslovakia
In the “Public Interest”? Dispossessing Art Collections in Communist Czechoslovakia Between 1948 and 1965
No full textIn the first decade after 1948 Communist coup d'état, private art collecting in Czechoslovakia experienced a great deal of ideologically motivated oppression. The targeted, systemic actions against representatives of the bourgeoisie, former social elites, who had hitherto been the vehicles of this art collecting phenomenon, were taken. The persecution peaked in 1959 and 1960 by exemplary trials with eminent pre-war art collectors. This provoked the extensive wave of violent dispossessions of private artistic assets, the significant mobility of prominent and large art collections from private to public sphere in the late 1950s and early 1960s. The article concerns several pattern cases of trials, resulting in the confiscation of property, the enrichment of the leading public collections and exemplary punishment and also cases of other "soft" ways of dispossessing individuals through the s. c. legally forced “gift” / “donation” of art equivalent in value to an inheritance or property tax that had been levied
Potenciál měření nesymbolických početních schopností pro časnou diagnostiku dyskalkulie
Get PDFCílem studie je přispět k porozumění souvislostem mezi nesymbolickými numerickými schopnostmi a vývojovou dyskalkulií. Zabýváme se tedy početními funkcemi již na úrovni vrozených dispozic, předcházejících osvojení číselného aparátu, které jsou zajišťovány instancí tzv. aproximativního numerického systému (ANS) a projevují se v dovednosti odhadu kvantit. Pokud tento vztah existuje, bylo by jej zřejmě možné využít pro praktickou diagnostiku dyskalkulie již v raném věku dítěte před projevením případných obtíží v numerických dovednostech. Naše pilotní studie srovnává úroveň nesymbolických početních schopností (početního odhadu) u dětí s dyskalkulií a kontrolní skupiny. Kompletní výzkumný soubor tvořilo 75 žáků ve věkovém rozmezí 6,6 až 17,8 let (M = 12,03; SD = 2,68), přičemž 25 (33 %) z nich vykazovalo matematické obtíže, které jsou v 17 případech(23 %)vysvětleny diagnózou dyskalkulie. Sběr dat byl realizován s využitím elektronického „testu početního odhadu“ vlastní konstrukce, tvořeného tzv. aproximativními úlohami založenými na principu diferenciace množství. Výsledky naznačují, že kontrolní skupina diskriminuje množství lépe než děti s matematickými obtížemi. Po kontrole věku respondentů je však vztah dyskalkulie a výkonu v testu početního odhadu slabý a statisticky nevýznamný, beta = –0,232, p = 0,056. Zjištěné výsledky jsou diskutovány ve vztahu k možnostem jejich využití v praxi.The aim of the study is to contribute to the understanding of the links between non-symbolic numerical abilities and developmental dyscalculia. Therefore, we deal with the numerical functions already at the level of innate dispositions preceding the acquiring of numerical apparatus, which are ensured by the instance of the so-called approximate number system (ANS) and are manifested in the quantitative estimation skill. If the relationship exists, it might be possible to use it for the practical diagnosis of dyscalculia at an early age before showing any difficulties in numerical skills. Our pilot study compares the level of non-symbolic numerical abilities (counting) in children with dyscalculia and control groups. The complete research group consisted of 75 pupils aged between 6.6 and 17.8 years (M = 12.03; SD = 2.68), with 25 (33%) showing mathematical difficulties in 17 cases (23%) explained by the diagnosis of dyscalculia. Data was collected using an electronic “numerical estimate test” of the own construction, constituted by the so-called approximation tasks based on the principle of differentiation of quantities. The results suggest that the control group discriminates the quantity better than children with mathematical difficulties. However, after checking the age of the respondents, the relationship between dyscalculia and numerical test output is weak and statistically insignificant, beta = -0.232, p = 0.056. The results are discussed in relation to the possibilities of their use in practice
Empowering Communications in Vehicular Networkswith an Intelligent Blockchain-Based Solution
Get PDFBlockchains have emerged over time as a reliable and secure way to record transactions in an immutable manner in a wide range of application domains. However, current related solutions are not yet capable of appropriately checking the authenticity of data when their volumes are huge. They are not also capable of updating Blockchain data blocks and synchronizing them within reasonable timeframes. This is the case within the specific context of Blockchain vehicular networks, where these solutions are commonly cumbersome when attempting to add new vehicles to the network. In order to address these problems, we propose in this paper a new Blockchain-based solution that intelligently implement selective communication and collaborative endorsement approaches to reduce communications between vehicles. Our solution represents the vehicles of the Blockchain as intelligent software agents with a Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) architecture. Furthermore, we propose an approach based on multi-endorsement levels to exchange data of varying sensitive categories. This approach, which is based on endorsing scores, is also used to shorten the admission of new vehicles into the Blockchain. We run simulations using the Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain tool. Results show the efficiency of our solution in reducing the processing times of transactions within two different scenarios
Albanian Higher Education Quality Assurance Reforms and Policy Convergence within the European Higher Education Area (2014-2019)
Get PDFThis article focuses on the quality assurance reforms that higher education in Albania has undertaken during the timeframe 2014-2019 in regard to implementing the standards and guidelines of the European Higher Education Area. Albania is a candidate country and it has been making a continuous effort to become a member of the EU; thus, Europeanization is been used as a theoretical framework to analyse policy changes. The research aims to analyse what Europeanization approach the domestic reforms have pursued, based on the mechanisms, veto points and the outcomes of the Europeanization process. Moreover, through empirical findings on the Albanian quality assurance system, it attempts to define the extent to which these reforms comply with European standards and guidelines (ESG). Europeanization of the educational policies is guided by causal mechanisms with non-binding stimuli; thus, socialization, much more in the terms of instrumental learning, is defined as the main mechanism of the Europeanization approach of Albanian quality assurance. The policy convergence is mostly happening as an internalization of the rules regarding changing the policy means, not the policy ends, which produces only a formal absorption of ESG and not a substantial transformation of the system. quality assurance system, it attempts to define the extent to which these reforms comply with European standards and guidelines (ESG). Europeanization of the educational policies is guided by causal mechanisms with non-binding stimuli; thus, socialization, much more in the terms of instrumental learning, is defined as the main mechanism of the Europeanization approach of Albanian quality assurance. The policy convergence is mostly happening as an internalization of the rules regarding changing the policy means, not the policy ends, which produces only a formal absorption of ESG and not a substantial transformation of the system
Cultural functions and services of geodiverzity within urban areas (with a special regards on tourism and recreation).
No full textgeodiversity and related features in cities for tourist and educational purposes is much older. The term “urban geotourism” is defined as tourism based on the places within the city boundary (both in the form of built heritage and rock outcrops) that is related to geological concepts and features. As the first step for the development of urban geotourism it is necessary to identify and inventory the geotourist resources, which should take into account both natural (geological, geomorphological, hydrological or palaeontological, and ecological aspects related to geodiversity), and cultural aspects related to geodiversity (e.g. monuments, building stone, geo-toponyms, anthropogenic landforms). Based on the inventory, sites suitable for geotourist activities are chosen. These include 1) protected geosites and sites included in the national database of geological localities, 2) other natural sites (not included in the previous point), especially small outcrops or hydrological features, 3) geocultural sites and objects (e.g. anthropogenic landforms, archaeological sites with a strong link to geodiversity, buildings where the local material is used). The contribution presents examples of the possible use of the geotourist resources in Brno (Czech Republic).Kulturní (zejména turistické, rekreační a vzdělávací) funkce geodiverzity jsou v ČR zejména ve venkovských oblastech oceňovány, ve městech zůstává jejich potenciál nevyužitý. Příspěvěk se zaměřuje na zhodnocení tohoto problému, klade důraz i na význam pro ochranu přírody. Na příkladě Stránské skály v Brně a Ruprechtického lomu v Liberci je ukázán význam takovýchto míst, dotčených navíc v minulosti lidskou činností.geodiversity and related features in cities for tourist and educational purposes is much older. The term “urban geotourism” is defined as tourism based on the places within the city boundary (both in the form of built heritage and rock outcrops) that is related to geological concepts and features. As the first step for the development of urban geotourism it is necessary to identify and inventory the geotourist resources, which should take into account both natural (geological, geomorphological, hydrological or palaeontological, and ecological aspects related to geodiversity), and cultural aspects related to geodiversity (e.g. monuments, building stone, geo-toponyms, anthropogenic landforms). Based on the inventory, sites suitable for geotourist activities are chosen. These include 1) protected geosites and sites included in the national database of geological localities, 2) other natural sites (not included in the previous point), especially small outcrops or hydrological features, 3) geocultural sites and objects (e.g. anthropogenic landforms, archaeological sites with a strong link to geodiversity, buildings where the local material is used). The contribution presents examples of the possible use of the geotourist resources in Brno (Czech Republic)
Průběžná zpráva MEMMAT: Metronomická a cílená antiangiogenní terapie pro děti s recidivujícím/progredujícím meduloblastomem
No full textKlinická Studie MEMMAT, EudraCT number: 2010-023691-33 Zpráva o průběhu klinického hodnocení popisuje průběh a současný stav klinického hodnocení (KH) v definovaném období. Zahrnuje informace o aktualizacích dokumentů, o změnách v centrech KH a zkoušejících, poskytuje přehled doposud zařazených/ukončených subjektů hodnocení a zjištěných porušení protokolu. Dále obsahuje informace k hodnocenému léčivu (hlášení závažných nežádoucích příhod, podezření ze závažných (neočekávaných) nežádoucích příhod nebo nové poznatky ve vztahu k bezpečnosti a účinnosti), o nově přijatých opatřeních a vykonaných auditech.Clinical Trial MEMMAT, EudraCT number: 2010-023691-33 The clinical trial interim report describes the course and current status of the clinical trial (KH) in a defined period. It includes information on document updates, changes in KH centers and examiners, an overview of previously included/completed subjects of evaluation, and detected protocol violations. It also contains information on investigational medicine (reporting serious adverse events, suspicions of serious (unexpected) adverse events, or new findings in relation to safety and efficacy), new measures taken, and audits performed
What Are Cybersecurity Education Papers About? A Systematic Literature Review of SIGCSE and ITiCSE Conferences
Get PDFCybersecurity is now more important than ever, and so is education in this field. However, the cybersecurity domain encompasses an extensive set of concepts, which can be taught in different ways and contexts. To understand the state of the art of cybersecurity education and related research, we examine papers from the ACM SIGCSE Technical Symposium and ACM ITiCSE conferences. From 2010 to 2019, a total of 1,748 papers were published at these conferences, and 71 of them focus on cybersecurity education. The papers discuss courses, tools, exercises, and teaching approaches. For each paper, we map the covered topics, teaching context, evaluation methods, impact, and the community of authors. We discovered that the technical topic areas are evenly covered (the most prominent being secure programming, network security, and offensive security), and human aspects, such as privacy and social engineering, are present as well. The interventions described in SIGCSE and ITiCSE papers predominantly focus on tertiary education in the USA. The subsequent evaluation mostly consists of collecting students' subjective perceptions via questionnaires. However, less than a third of the papers provide supplementary materials for other educators, and none of the authors published their dataset. Our results are relevant for instructors, researchers, and anyone new in the field of cybersecurity education, since they provide orientation in the area, a synthesis of trends, and implications for further research. The information we collected and synthesized from individual papers are organized in a publicly available dataset